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| ARTICLES RELATED TO English | | | |  English: Encyclopedia II - Canadian English - PronunciationThe primary aspect of the Canadian English accent is a feature called "Canadian raising", where diphthongs are raised before voiceless consonants. For example, about will be raised from [əˈbaʊt], as it is in the American Atlantic dialect, to [əˈbʌʊt], a higher vowel, or nearly even [əˈboʊt] in some dialects. The stereotypical aboat pronunciation, lampooned in ...
See also:Canadian English, Canadian English - Spelling, Canadian English - Pronunciation, Canadian English - Other variations, Canadian English - Vocabulary, Canadian English - Britishisms, Canadian English - French Loanwords, Canadian English - Uniquely Canadian English words, Canadian English - Variations between Canadian and American lexicons, Canadian English - Chinook Jargon words in British Columbia, Canadian English - Regional variation in pronunciation, Canadian English - Toronto, Canadian English - Maritimes, Canadian English - Newfoundland, Canadian English - Quebec, Canadian English - Ontario, Canadian English - Prairies, Canadian English - British Columbia Read more here: » Canadian English: Encyclopedia II - Canadian English - Pronunciation |
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| | | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - Hong Kong English - Spoken English
Hong Kong English - Accent of spoken English.
Main article: phonemic differentiation.
British influences
Like English English, Hong Kong English is non-rhotic, which means 'r' is not pronounced except before a vowel.
'wh' read as 'w', as in English English.
Common mispronunciations
beginning 'r' read as 'w' sound. (the word 'read' is a good example.)
'r' in other positions may be read as 'w' or 'l' . (eg. 'error' as ...
See also:Hong Kong English, Hong Kong English - Spoken English, Hong Kong English - Accent of spoken English, Hong Kong English - English grammar, Hong Kong English - Written English, Hong Kong English - ICQ English, Hong Kong English - Proficiency of English teachers, Hong Kong English - Hong Kong Specific English Vocabulary Read more here: » Hong Kong English: Encyclopedia II - Hong Kong English - Spoken English |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - Reference Print
Hamilton, Ian. The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry in English
Online
A Time-line of English poetry
...
See also:English poetry, English poetry - The earliest English poetry, English poetry - The Anglo-Norman period and the Later Middle Ages, English poetry - The Renaissance in England, English poetry - Early Renaissance poetry, English poetry - The Elizabethans, English poetry - Jacobean and Caroline poetry, English poetry - The Restoration and 18th century, English poetry - Satire, English poetry - 18th century classicism, English poetry - Women poets in the 18th century, English poetry - The late 18th century, English poetry - The Romantic movement, English poetry - Victorian poetry, English poetry - High Victorian poetry, English poetry - Pre-Raphaelites arts and crafts Aestheticism and the Yellow 1890s, English poetry - The 20th century, English poetry - The first three decades, English poetry - The Thirties, English poetry - The Forties, English poetry - The Fifties, English poetry - The 1960s and 1970s, English poetry - English poetry now, English poetry - Reference Read more here: » English poetry: Encyclopedia II - English poetry - Reference |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English Shepherd - Appearance The English Shepherd is a medium sized dog, usually somewhat longer than it is tall. It generally weighs between 40 and 70 pounds (20 to 30 kg) and is balanced in proportions. As a small farm dog, English Shepherds have evolved to fulfill a variety of needs. This has resulted in a wide range of regional variations.
The coat is medium length and can be straight, wavy, or curly. There is frequently feathering on the legs and tail. As a working dog, the coat should be easy to keep, requiring no grooming. Dirt and burrs tend to just fall away. There are four coat colors: sable (clear and shaded), tricolor, black and white, and black ...
See also:English Shepherd, English Shepherd - Appearance, English Shepherd - Temperament, English Shepherd - Health, English Shepherd - History, English Shepherd - Working Life Read more here: » English Shepherd: Encyclopedia II - English Shepherd - Appearance |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - Sounds
English language - Vowels.
Notes:
It is the vowels that differ most from region to region.
Where symbols appear in pairs, the first corresponds to the sounds used in North American English, the second corresponds to English spoken elsewhere.
North American English lacks this sound; words with this sound are pronounced with /ɑ/ or /ɔ/. According to The Canadian Oxford Dict ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - Sounds |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - Intonation
English language - Tone groups.
English is an Intonation language. This means that the pitch of the voice is used syntactically, for example, to convey surprise and irony, or to change a statement into a question.
In English, intonation patterns are on groups of words, which are called tone groups, tone units, intonation groups or sense groups. Tone groups are said on a single breath and, as a consequence, are of limited length, more often being on average five words long or lasting roughly two seconds. Th ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - Intonation |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - Australian English - Phonology Australian English is a non-rhotic variety. It is unique in its remarkable homogeneity over a vast area. Unlike most varieties of English, it has a phonemic length distinction. It has a reasonably standard consonant inventory.
See also: Phonemic differentiation
Australian English - Myths about Australian accents.
Australian English is sometimes described as high-pitched, nasal, lazy, or drawling. The claims of high pitch and nasality are not entirely true, as many Australian English s ...
See also:Australian English, Australian English - Relationship to other varieties of English, Australian English - Spelling, Australian English - Irish influences, Australian English - Samples of Australian English, Australian English - Vocabulary, Australian English - The origins of Australian words, Australian English - Varieties of Australian English, Australian English - Regional variation, Australian English - Phonology, Australian English - Myths about Australian accents, Australian English - Use of words by Australians, Australian English - Humour, Australian English - Diminutives, Australian English - Rarely Used Phrases Read more here: » Australian English: Encyclopedia II - Australian English - Phonology |
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| | | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - History English originated from the Old Saxon language and related dialects brought to Britain by Germanic settlers from various parts of northwest Germany. The original Old English language was subsequently influenced by two successive waves of invasion. The first was by speakers of languages in the Scandinavian branch of the Germanic family, who colonised parts of Britain in the 8th and 9th centuries. The second wave was of the Normans in the 11th century, who spoke a variety of French.
According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, around ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - History |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - Grammar English grammar displays minimal inflection compared with some other Indo-European languages. For example, Modern English, unlike Modern German and the Romance languages, lacks grammatical gender and adjectival agreement. Case marking has almost disappeared from the language and mainly survives in pronouns. The patterning of strong (eg. speak/spoke/spoken) versus weak verbs inherited from Germanic has declined in importance and the remnants of inflection (such as plural marking) have become more regular.
At the same time as inf ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - Grammar |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - Grammar English grammar displays minimal inflection compared with some other Indo-European languages. For example, Modern English, unlike Modern German or Dutch and the Romance languages, lacks grammatical gender and adjectival agreement. Case marking has almost disappeared from the language and mainly survives in pronouns. The patterning of strong (eg. speak/spoke/spoken) versus weak verbs inherited from Germanic has declined in importance and the remnants of inflection (such as plural marking) have become more regular.
At the same ti ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - Grammar |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - Grammar English grammar displays minimal inflection compared with some other Indo-European languages. For example, Modern English, unlike Modern German or Dutch and the Romance languages, lacks grammatical gender and adjectival agreement. Case marking has almost disappeared from the language and mainly survives in pronouns. The patterning of strong (eg. speak/spoke/spoken) versus weak verbs inherited from Germanic has dec ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - Grammar |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - Hong Kong English - Written English British English is taught in primary and secondary schools, but American English spellings (e.g. verbs ending in -ise/-ize, nouns ending in -er/-re, -our/-or) are also commonly used due to influence from, for example, English-language television programs from the United States. However, the norm is to use the suffixes -our and -re, but -ize.
Hong Kong English - ICQ English.
In some informal situations, notably in Internet usage among locals, final particles or interjections of Cantonese origin such as a ...
See also:Hong Kong English, Hong Kong English - Spoken English, Hong Kong English - Accent of spoken English, Hong Kong English - English grammar, Hong Kong English - Written English, Hong Kong English - ICQ English, Hong Kong English - Proficiency of English teachers, Hong Kong English - Hong Kong Specific English Vocabulary Read more here: » Hong Kong English: Encyclopedia II - Hong Kong English - Written English |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English language - Vocabulary Almost without exception, Germanic words (which include all the basics such as pronouns and conjunctions) are shorter and more informal. Latinate words are often regarded as more elegant or educated. However, the excessive use of Latinate words is often mistaken for either pretentiousness (as in the stereotypical policeman's talk of "apprehending the suspect") or obfuscation (as in a military document which says "neutralise" when it means "kill"). George Orwell's essay Politics and the English Language gives a ...
See also:English language, English language - History, English language - Classification and related languages, English language - Geographic distribution, English language - English as a global language, English language - Dialects and regional variants, English language - Constructed variants of English, English language - Sounds, English language - Vowels, English language - Consonants, English language - Intonation, English language - Tone groups, English language - Characteristics of intonation, English language - Grammar, English language - Vocabulary, English language - Number of words in English, English language - Word origins, English language - Writing system, English language - Basic sound-letter correspondence, English language - Written accents, English language - Dialects, English language - Pronunciation, English language - Social cultural or political, English language - Grammar, English language - Usage, English language - Dictionaries Read more here: » English language: Encyclopedia II - English language - Vocabulary |
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| | | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - Australian English - Vocabulary
Australian English - The origins of Australian words.
Australian English incorporates many uniquely Australian terms. One of the best-known of these is outback which means remote, sparsely-populated areas. The similar bush can mean either native forests, or country areas in general. Many such words, phrases or usages originated with the British convicts transported to Australia. Many words used frequently by country Australians are, or were, also used in all or part of England, with variations in me ...
See also:Australian English, Australian English - Relationship to other varieties of English, Australian English - Spelling, Australian English - Irish influences, Australian English - Samples of Australian English, Australian English - Vocabulary, Australian English - The origins of Australian words, Australian English - Varieties of Australian English, Australian English - Regional variation, Australian English - Phonology, Australian English - Myths about Australian accents, Australian English - Use of words by Australians, Australian English - Humour, Australian English - Diminutives, Australian English - Rarely Used Phrases Read more here: » Australian English: Encyclopedia II - Australian English - Vocabulary |
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| | | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - Middle English - History
Middle English - 1000.
Syððan wæs geworden þæt he ferde þurh þa ceastre and þæt castel: godes rice prediciende and bodiende. and hi twelfe mid. And sume wif þe wæron gehælede of awyrgdum gastum: and untrumnessum: seo magdalenisce maria ofþære seofan deoflu uteodon: and iohanna chuzan wif herodes gerefan: and susanna and manega oðre þe him of hyra spedum þenedon;
-- Translation o ...
See also:Middle English, Middle English - Literary and Linguistic Cultures, Middle English - History, Middle English - 1000, Middle English - c.1400, Middle English - Construction, Middle English - Key points, Middle English - Nouns, Middle English - Verbs, Middle English - Pronouns, Middle English - Pronunciation, Middle English - Chancery Standard, Middle English - History of the Chancery Standard Read more here: » Middle English: Encyclopedia II - Middle English - History |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English people - History The English as an ethnic group can trace their heritage back to the Anglo-Saxons (or Old English), who between the 5th and 7th centuries, after the withdrawal of the Roman Empire, came to occupy most of lowland Britain (although a lack of documentation from the "Dark Ages" (Early Middle Ages) means few individuals can prove such descent). The name of the area known as England derives from this settlement. The tribes participating in this conquest of Britain included the Angles, the Jutes, ...
See also:English people, English people - History, English people - Culture, English people - Contribution to humanity, English people - Language, English people - Religion, English people - Sport, English people - Symbols, English people - Identity Read more here: » English people: Encyclopedia II - English people - History |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - English people - Culture
English people - Contribution to humanity.
The English have played a significant role in the development of the arts and sciences. Prominent individuals have included the scientists and inventors Isaac Newton, Francis Crick, Abraham Darby, Michael Faraday, Charles Darwin, Frank Whittle and Tim Berners-Lee; the poet and playwright William Shakespeare, the novelists Jane Austen, Charles Dickens and George Orwell, the composer Gustav Holst, and the explorer James Cook (for a complete list of famous English people se ...
See also:English people, English people - History, English people - Culture, English people - Contribution to humanity, English people - Language, English people - Religion, English people - Sport, English people - Symbols, English people - Identity Read more here: » English people: Encyclopedia II - English people - Culture |
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| | | | | English: Encyclopedia II - Australian English - Relationship to other varieties of English Australian English began to diverge from British English soon after the foundation of the colony of New South Wales (NSW) in 1788. The settlement was intended originally as a penal colony for British convicts. They were mostly people from large English cities, such as Cockneys. In 1827, Peter Cunningham, in his book Two Years in New South Wales, reported that native-born white Australians spoke with a distinctive accent and vocabulary, albeit with a strong Cockney influence. (The transportation of convicts to Australian colonies conti ...
See also:Australian English, Australian English - Relationship to other varieties of English, Australian English - Spelling, Australian English - Irish influences, Australian English - Samples of Australian English, Australian English - Vocabulary, Australian English - The origins of Australian words, Australian English - Varieties of Australian English, Australian English - Regional variation, Australian English - Phonology, Australian English - Myths about Australian accents, Australian English - Use of words by Australians, Australian English - Humour, Australian English - Diminutives Read more here: » Australian English: Encyclopedia II - Australian English - Relationship to other varieties of English |
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