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Elector of Saxony | A Wisdom Archive on Elector of Saxony | | Elector of Saxony A selection of articles related to Elector of Saxony | |
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Elector of Saxony
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Elector of Saxony | | | | |  Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg - ReignOn the division of territory which followed his father's death in 1440, Albert received the margravate of Ansbach. Although his resources were very meagre, he soon took a leading place among the German princes, and was especially prominent in resisting the attempts of the towns to obtain self-government.
In 1443 he formed a league directed mainly against Nuremberg, over which town members of his family had formerly exercised the rights of burgrave. It was not until 1448, however, that he found a pretext for attack, and the war which lasted until 1453 ended in a victory for ...
See also:Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg, Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg - Early life, Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg - Reign, Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg - Dynastic marriages of his children, Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg - Family and children Read more here: » Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg: Encyclopedia II - Albert III Margrave of Brandenburg - Reign |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality Combining in himself the heritage of the German Habsburgs, the house of Burgundy and the Spanish heritage of his mother, Charles transcends ethnical or national boundaries.
The prime influence in his early life was the culture and courtly life of the Low Countries, where he had been born and grown up.
From his Burgundian ancestors he inherited an ambiguous relationship with the Kings of France. Charles shared with France his mother tongue and many cultural forms. In his youth, he made frequent visits to Paris, then the largest ...
See also:Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Early life, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Charles and the Reformation, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against the Ottoman Empire, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Abdication and later life Read more here: » Charles V Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality |
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| | | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as Oflag IVc After the outbreak of World War II the castle was converted into a high security Prisoner of War camp for officers who had become security or escape risks or who were regarded as volksfeindlich, or treasonous against the people. Since the castle is situated on a rocky outcropping above the Mulde river, the Germans believed it to be an ideal site for a high security prison.
The larger outer courtyard, known as the Kommandantur, had only two exits and housed a large German garrison. The prisoners lived in an adjacent court ...
See also:Colditz Castle, Colditz Castle - History, Colditz Castle - The original castle, Colditz Castle - The rebuilt castle, Colditz Castle - The modern castle, Colditz Castle - The current castle, Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as a mental institution, Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as Oflag IVc, Colditz Castle - Population changes, Colditz Castle - The Prominente and famous inmates, Colditz Castle - The German staff and visitors, Colditz Castle - Life in the camp, Colditz Castle - Thou shalt escape if you possibly can, Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle in popular culture, Colditz Castle - Suggested reading Read more here: » Colditz Castle: Encyclopedia II - Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as Oflag IVc |
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| | | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Martin Luther - The breach widens
Martin Luther - Luther's thought develops.
There was no longer hope of peace. Luther's writings were now circulated widely, reaching France, England, and Italy as early as 1519, and students thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther, who had been joined by Melanchthon in 1518, and now published his shorter commentary on Galatians and his Operationes in Psalmos (Work on the Psalms), while at the same time he received deputat ...
See also:Martin Luther, Martin Luther - Luther's early life, Martin Luther - Luther's struggle to find peace with God, Martin Luther - Luther's theology of grace, Martin Luther - The indulgence controversy, Martin Luther - Response of the Papacy, Martin Luther - The breach widens, Martin Luther - Luther's thought develops, Martin Luther - The treatises of 1520, Martin Luther - The excommunication of Luther, Martin Luther - Diet of Worms, Martin Luther - Exile at the Wartburg Castle, Martin Luther - Return to Wittenberg and the Invocavit Sermons, Martin Luther - Martin Luther's marriage and family, Martin Luther - The Peasants' War, Martin Luther - Luther's German Bible, Martin Luther - Transformations in liturgy and church government, Martin Luther - Eucharistic Views and Controversies, Martin Luther - The Small and Large Catechisms, Martin Luther - The Diet of Ausburg and the question of civil resistance, Martin Luther - Luther's other writings, Martin Luther - Luther's last journey and death, Martin Luther - His legacy, Martin Luther - Martin Luther and the Jews, Martin Luther - Footnotes, Martin Luther - Bibliography, Martin Luther - Filmography Read more here: » Martin Luther: Encyclopedia II - Martin Luther - The breach widens |
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| | | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Early life Charles was born in Ghent and brought up in the Low Countries until 1517, where he was tutored by Adrian of Utrecht, later Pope Adrian VI. His three most prominent subsequent advisors were Lord Chièvres, Jean Sauvage, and Mercurino Gattinara. In 1506, on the death of his father, Charles inherited the Low Countries and Franche-Comté. After the death of his grandfather Ferdinand in 1516, Charles became joint-king of Castile with his mother Joanna of Castile (who was insane), and also inherited Aragon, Navarre, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia fro ...
See also:Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Early life, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France and the Reformation, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against the Ottoman Empire, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms, Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Abdication and later life Read more here: » Charles V Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Charles V Holy Roman Emperor - Early life |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - The Bohemian Revolt Period: 1618–1625
Being without descendents, Emperor Mathias sought to assure an orderly transition during his lifetime by having his dynastic heir (that fiercely Catholic, Ferdinand of Styria, later Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor) elected to the separate royal thrones of Bohemia and Hungary. Some of the Protestant leaders of Bohemia feared losing the religious rights granted to them by Emperor Rudolf II and so preferred the Protestant Frederick V, elector of the Palatinate (successor of Frederick IV, the creator of the Lea ...
See also:Thirty Years' War, Thirty Years' War - Origins of the War, Thirty Years' War - The Bohemian Revolt, Thirty Years' War - Danish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish-French intervention, Thirty Years' War - The Peace of Westphalia, Thirty Years' War - Casualties and disease, Thirty Years' War - Political consequences, Thirty Years' War - List of battles in the Thirty Years' War Read more here: » Thirty Years' War: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - The Bohemian Revolt |
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| | | | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Crown jewels - Africa
Crown jewels - Benin.
Danhomè
The enormous collection of the Ahosu (Kings) of the Danhomè (Dahomey) is kept in the city of Abomey. Since the 1980's, the Getty Foundation and UNESCO have been trying to save the old palaces. The royal palaces are today a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The royal insignia which symbolised the power of the king were the kataklè (three-legged stool), the afokpa (sandals), the avotita (woven cloth decorated with appliqué work), the awà ...
See also:Crown jewels, Crown jewels - Africa, Crown jewels - Benin, Crown jewels - Burundi, Crown jewels - Central African Republic, Crown jewels - Egypt, Crown jewels - Ethiopia, Crown jewels - Ghana, Crown jewels - Nigeria, Crown jewels - Rwanda, Crown jewels - South Africa, Crown jewels - Tanzania, Crown jewels - Uganda, Crown jewels - Asia, Crown jewels - Burma, Crown jewels - Brunei, Crown jewels - India, Crown jewels - Indonesia, Crown jewels - Iran Persia, Crown jewels - Japan, Crown jewels - Laos, Crown jewels - Malaysia, Crown jewels - Philippines, Crown jewels - Thailand Siam, Crown jewels - Vietnam, Crown jewels - Europe, Crown jewels - Austria Austro-Hungarian Empire Holy Roman Empire, Crown jewels - Czech Republic Czech Kingdom Bohemian Kingdom, Crown jewels - Denmark, Crown jewels - France, Crown jewels - Germany, Crown jewels - Greece, Crown jewels - Hungary, Crown jewels - Ireland, Crown jewels - Italy, Crown jewels - Monaco, Crown jewels - Netherlands, Crown jewels - Norway, Crown jewels - Poland, Crown jewels - Serbia, Crown jewels - Spain, Crown jewels - Sweden, Crown jewels - Portugal, Crown jewels - Russia, Crown jewels - United Kingdom, Crown jewels - Vatican, Crown jewels - Latin America, Crown jewels - Chile, Crown jewels - Bolivia, Crown jewels - Brazil, Crown jewels - Peru, Crown jewels - Mexico, Crown jewels - United States, Crown jewels - Hawaii Read more here: » Crown jewels: Encyclopedia II - Crown jewels - Africa |
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| | | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms In 1545 the opening of the Council of Trent began the Counter-Reformation, and Charles won to the Catholic cause some of the princes of the Holy Roman Empire. He also attacked the Schmalkaldic League in 1546 and defeated John Frederick, Elector of Saxony and imprisoned Philip of Hesse in 1547. At the Augsburg Interim in 1548 he created a doctrinal compromise that he felt Catholics and Protestants alike might share. A more permanent settlement followed with the 1555 Peace of Augsburg.
In 1549 he made the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands (Low Countries) an ...
See also:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Early life, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France and the Reformation, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against the Ottoman Empire, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Abdication and later life Read more here: » Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France and the Reformation Charles V initiated many wars with France during his reign, first fighting against them in Northern Italy in 1521. Later in the Italian Wars, in 1527, his troops sacked Rome, causing Charles some embarrassment but enabling him to keep the Pope from annulling the marriage of Henry VIII of England and Catherine of Aragon, who was his aunt.
As Holy Roman Emperor, he called Martin Luther to the Diet of Worms in 1521, promising him safe conduct if he would appear. He initially dismissed Luther's idea of reformation as, "An argument between ...
See also:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Early life, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France and the Reformation, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against the Ottoman Empire, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Abdication and later life Read more here: » Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France and the Reformation |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Early life Charles was born in Ghent and brought up in the Low Countries until 1517, where he was tutored by Adrian of Utrecht, later Pope Adrian VI. His three most prominent subsequent advisors were Lord Chièvres, Jean Sauvage, and Mercurino Gattinara. In 1506, on the death of his father, Charles inherited the Low Countries and Franche-Comté. After the death of his grandfather Ferdinand in 1516, Charles became joint-king of Castile with his mother Joanna of Castile (who was insane), and also inherited Aragon, Navarre, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia fro ...
See also:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Family and nationality, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Early life, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against France and the Reformation, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wars against the Ottoman Empire, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - The Council of Trent and other reforms, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Abdication and later life Read more here: » Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Early life |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - Swedish intervention Period: 1630–1635
Some within Ferdinand II's court believed that Wallenstein wanted to take control of the German Princes and thus gain influence over the Emperor. Ferdinand II dismissed Wallenstein in 1630. He was to later recall him after the Swedes, led by King Gustaf II Adolf (Gustavus II Adolphus), attacked the Empire and prevailed in a number of significant battles.
Gustavus Adolphus, like Christian IV before him, came to aid the German Lutherans, to forestall Catholic aggression against their homeland and to obt ...
See also:Thirty Years' War, Thirty Years' War - Origins of the War, Thirty Years' War - The Bohemian Revolt, Thirty Years' War - Danish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish-French intervention, Thirty Years' War - The Peace of Westphalia, Thirty Years' War - Casualties and disease, Thirty Years' War - Political consequences, Thirty Years' War - List of battles in the Thirty Years' War Read more here: » Thirty Years' War: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - Swedish intervention |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Golden Rose - Significance and symbology The significations of the rose and Lætare Sunday (fourth of Lent), the day on which it is blessed, so blend that the Sunday is oftentimes called Rose Sunday, and rose-coloured vestments, altar and throne and chapel draperies (signs of hope and joy) are substituted for the penitential purple during the solemn function. The Church on this Sunday bids her children who have been so far engaged in prayer, fasting and other penitential works, as also in serious meditation upon the malice of sin and the terrible punishment exacted on account of it ...
See also:Golden Rose, Golden Rose - Significance and symbology, Golden Rose - History and development of the modern Rose, Golden Rose - Workmanship, Golden Rose - Value of the ornament, Golden Rose - Origin, Golden Rose - Blessing of the Rose, Golden Rose - Recipients, Golden Rose - international price Read more here: » Golden Rose: Encyclopedia II - Golden Rose - Significance and symbology |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - The Peace of Westphalia Main article: Peace of Westphalia
French General Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Rocroi in 1643, which led to negotiations. At the negotiations were Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, the French, the Spanish, the Dutch, the Swiss, the Swedes, the Portuguese and representatives of the Pope. The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 was the result of these negotiations.
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See also:Thirty Years' War, Thirty Years' War - Origins of the War, Thirty Years' War - The Bohemian Revolt, Thirty Years' War - Danish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish-French intervention, Thirty Years' War - The Peace of Westphalia, Thirty Years' War - Casualties and disease, Thirty Years' War - Political consequences, Thirty Years' War - List of battles in the Thirty Years' War Read more here: » Thirty Years' War: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - The Peace of Westphalia |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - Casualties and disease The devastation caused by the war has long been a subject of controversy among historians. Estimates of mass civilian casualties of up to thirty percent of the population of Germany are now treated with caution. The mortality rate was perhaps closer to 15 to 20 percent, with deaths due to armed conflict, famine and disease. Much of the destruction of civilian lives and property was caused by the cruelty and greed of mercenary soldiers. It is certain that the war caused serious dislocation to both the economy and population of central Europe, but may have done no more than seriously ...
See also:Thirty Years' War, Thirty Years' War - Origins of the War, Thirty Years' War - The Bohemian Revolt, Thirty Years' War - Danish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish intervention, Thirty Years' War - Swedish-French intervention, Thirty Years' War - The Peace of Westphalia, Thirty Years' War - Casualties and disease, Thirty Years' War - Political consequences, Thirty Years' War - List of battles in the Thirty Years' War Read more here: » Thirty Years' War: Encyclopedia II - Thirty Years' War - Casualties and disease |
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| | | | | Elector of Saxony: Encyclopedia II - Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as a mental institution For nearly a hundred years, between 1829 and 1924, Colditz was a sanitarium, generally reserved for the wealthy and the nobility of Germany. The castle thus functioned as a hospital during a long stretch of massive upheaval in Germany, from slightly after the Napoleonic Wars destroyed the Holy Roman Empire and created the German Confederation, throughout the lifespan of the North German Confederation, the complete reign of the German Empire, throughout the First World War, and until the beginnings of the Weimar Republic. Between 1914 and 1918, the castle was home to both ...
See also:Colditz Castle, Colditz Castle - History, Colditz Castle - The original castle, Colditz Castle - The rebuilt castle, Colditz Castle - The modern castle, Colditz Castle - The current castle, Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as a mental institution, Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as Oflag IVc, Colditz Castle - Population changes, Colditz Castle - The Prominente and famous inmates, Colditz Castle - The German staff and visitors, Colditz Castle - Life in the camp, Colditz Castle - Thou shalt escape if you possibly can, Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle in popular culture, Colditz Castle - Suggested reading Read more here: » Colditz Castle: Encyclopedia II - Colditz Castle - Colditz Castle as a mental institution |
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