The Arab Republic of Egypt, commonly known as Egypt, (in Arabic: مصر, romanized Misr, in Egyptian Arabic Másr), is a republic in North Africa. While most of the country is geographically located in Africa, the Sinai Peninsula east of the Suez Canal is in Asia and Egypt is often associated with the Middle East. Covering an area of about 1,020,000 km², Egypt shares land borders with Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, and Israel and the Gaza Strip to the northeast and has coasts on the north and east by the Medi ...

Including:

Egypt - Origin and history of the name Egypt - History Egypt - Politics Egypt - Military Egypt - Governorates Egypt - Foreign relations Egypt - Economy Egypt - Demographics Egypt - Religion Egypt - Geography Egypt - Culture

Read more here: » Egypt: Encyclopedia - Egypt

See also:

Little Egypt region, Little Egypt region - Location, Little Egypt region - Origin of name, Little Egypt region - Geography, Little Egypt region - Economy, Little Egypt region - Culture

Read more here: » Little Egypt region: Encyclopedia II - Little Egypt region - Origin of name

Main article: History of Egypt The regularity and richness of the annual Nile River flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations. A unified kingdom was founded circa 3200 BC by King Menes, and a series of dynasties ruled in Egypt for the next three millennia. The last native dynasty, known as the Thirtieth Dynasty, fell to the Persians in 341 BC who dug the predecessor of the Suez canal and connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. Later, Egypt fell to the Greeks, Roman ...

See also:

Egypt, Egypt - Origin and history of the name, Egypt - History, Egypt - Politics, Egypt - Military, Egypt - Governorates, Egypt - Foreign relations, Egypt - Economy, Egypt - Demographics, Egypt - Religion, Egypt - Geography, Egypt - Culture

Read more here: » Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Egypt - History

It is particularly noteworthy that the basic elements of Egyptian culture were remarkably stable and changed little over a period of nearly 3000 years. The religion, customs, art expression, architecture, and social structure, over that time are "un-mistakably" Egyptian. The history of ancient Egypt proper starts with Egypt as a unified state, which occurred sometime around 3000 BC. Narmer, who unified Upper and Lower Egypt, was the first pharaoh, though archaeological evi ...

See also:

Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt - Geography, Ancient Egypt - People and Origins, Ancient Egypt - History, Ancient Egypt - Taxation, Ancient Egypt - Language, Ancient Egypt - Writing, Ancient Egypt - Literature, Ancient Egypt - Culture, Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements, Ancient Egypt - Timeline, Ancient Egypt - Open problems, Ancient Egypt - Notes

Read more here: » Ancient Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Egypt - History

Archaeological findings show that nomadic hunter-gatherers lived along the Nile during the Pleistocene. Traces of these early peoples appear in the form of artifacts and rock carvings along the terraces of the Nile and in the oases. By about 6000 B.C., organized agriculture and large building construction had appeared in the Nile Valley. Many theories have been proposed regarding the origins of these early Egyptians, but the most widely accepted today based on the continuum of scientific evidence is that prehistoric Egyptian society was form ...

See also:

Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt - Geography, Ancient Egypt - People and Origins, Ancient Egypt - History, Ancient Egypt - Taxation, Ancient Egypt - Language, Ancient Egypt - Writing, Ancient Egypt - Literature, Ancient Egypt - Culture, Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements, Ancient Egypt - Timeline, Ancient Egypt - Open problems, Ancient Egypt - Notes

Read more here: » Ancient Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Egypt - People and Origins

The History of Modern Egypt is generally accepted as beginning in 1882, when Egypt became a de facto British colony. This situation persisted until 1922 when Egypt was officially granted independence; British troops, however, remained in the country and true self-rule did not occur until 1952 with the rise to power of Colonel Gamal Abdul Nasser. Nasser's one party state has seen many changes but has remained in place, firstly und ...

Including:

History of Modern Egypt - British Occupation History of Modern Egypt - Nasser and Arab socialism History of Modern Egypt - The Sadat Era
History of Modern Egypt - Domestic Policy and the Infitah History of Modern Egypt - International Relations and the Camp David Accords
History of Modern Egypt - From Sadat to Mubarak

Read more here: » History of Modern Egypt: Encyclopedia - History of Modern Egypt

Abydos, one of the most ancient cities of Upper Egypt, stood about 11 km (6 miles) west of the Nile at latitude 26° 10' N. The Egyptian name was Abdju (technically, 3bdw, hieroglyphs shown to the right), "the hill of the symbol or reliquary," in which the sacred head of Osiris was preserved. Thence the Greeks named it Abydos, like the city on the Hellespont; the modern Arabic name is Arabet el Madfuneh. Abydos, Egypt - History. The history of the city begins in the late prehistoric age, it ha ...

Including:

Abydos, Egypt - History Abydos, Egypt - Worship Abydos, Egypt - Temples built Abydos, Egypt - 18th dynasty Abydos, Egypt - Other temples Abydos, Egypt - Tombs Abydos, Egypt - Forts Abydos, Egypt - Other

Read more here: » Abydos, Egypt: Encyclopedia - Abydos, Egypt

Abydos, one of the most ancient cities of Upper Egypt, stood about 11 km (6 miles) west of the Nile at latitude 26° 10' N. The Egyptian name was Abdju (technically, 3bdw, hieroglyphs shown to the right), "the hill of the symbol or reliquary," in which the sacred head of Osiris was preserved. Thence the Greeks named it Abydos, like the city on the Hellespont; the modern Arabic name is Arabet el Madfuneh. Abydos Egypt - History. The history of the city begins in the late prehistoric age, it hav ...

Including:

Abydos Egypt - History Abydos Egypt - Worship Abydos Egypt - Temples built Abydos Egypt - 18th dynasty Abydos Egypt - Other temples Abydos Egypt - Tombs Abydos Egypt - Forts Abydos Egypt - Other

Read more here: » Abydos Egypt: Encyclopedia - Abydos Egypt

Cleopatra VII Philopator (January 69 BC – August 12, 30 BC) was queen of ancient Egypt, the last member of the Ptolemaic dynasty and hence the last Hellenistic ruler of Egypt. Although many other Egyptian Queens shared the name, she is usually known as simply Cleopatra, and all of her similarly named predecessors have been mostly forgotten. As co-ruler of Egypt with her father (Ptolemy XII Auletes), her brother/husband Ptolemy XIV, and later her son Caesarion, Cleopatra survived a coup engineered by her brother's court ...

Including:

Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Early life and name Cleopatra VII of Egypt - The race debate Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Cleopatra in art film TV and literature
Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Films about Cleopatra Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Paintings of Cleopatra
Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Notes

Read more here: » Cleopatra VII of Egypt: Encyclopedia - Cleopatra VII of Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization along the Lower Nile, reaching from the Nile Delta in the north as far south as Jebel Barkal at the time of its greatest extension (15th century BC). It lasted for three millennia, from circa 3200 BC to 343 BC, ending with the conquest of Alexander the Great. As a civilization based on irrigation it is the quintessential example of a hydraulic empire. Ancient Egypt - Geography. Most of Egypt is in North Africa; though the Sinai Peninsula is in Southwest Asia. The coun ...

Including:

Ancient Egypt - Geography Ancient Egypt - People Ancient Egypt - History Ancient Egypt - Government Ancient Egypt - Language
Ancient Egypt - Writing Ancient Egypt - Literature
Ancient Egypt - Culture Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements
Ancient Egypt - Timeline Ancient Egypt - Open problems
Ancient Egypt - Notes

Read more here: » Ancient Egypt: Encyclopedia - Ancient Egypt

Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Second Dynasty. The First and Second Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Early Dynastic Period of Egypt. The capital at that time was Thinis. The period names of the actual rulers of the Second Dynasty are in dispute. For the first five kings, the sources are fairly close in agreement: However, the identity of the next two or three rulers is unclear: we may have both the Horus-name or Nebty (meaning < ...

Including:

Second dynasty of Egypt - External link

Read more here: » Second dynasty of Egypt: Encyclopedia - Second dynasty of Egypt

The ancient Egyptians themselves traced their origin to a land they called Punt, or "Ta Nteru" ("Land of the Gods"). Once commonly thought to be located on what is today the Somali coast, Punt now is thought to have been in either southern Sudan or Eritrea. The history of ancient Egypt proper starts with Egypt as a unified state, which occurred sometime around 3000 BC. Though archaeological evidenc ...

See also:

Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt - Geography, Ancient Egypt - People, Ancient Egypt - History, Ancient Egypt - Government, Ancient Egypt - Language, Ancient Egypt - Writing, Ancient Egypt - Literature, Ancient Egypt - Culture, Ancient Egypt - Ancient achievements, Ancient Egypt - Timeline, Ancient Egypt - Open problems, Ancient Egypt - Notes

Read more here: » Ancient Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Ancient Egypt - History

"Cleopatra" is Greek for "father's glory," and her full name, "Cleopatra Thea Philopator" means "the Goddess Cleopatra, the Beloved of Her Father." She was the third daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes, a Graeco-Egyptian born in Alexandria, Egypt. She was first briefly co-ruler with her father, Ptolemy XII Auletes and on his death became co-ruler with her brother Ptolemy XIII in the spring of 51 BC. She was at the time the oldest child of Auletes, since two older sisters had died. She also had one younger sister whose name was Arsinoe IV. She wa ...

See also:

Cleopatra VII of Egypt, Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Early life and name, Cleopatra VII of Egypt - The race debate, Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Cleopatra in art film TV and literature, Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Films about Cleopatra, Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Paintings of Cleopatra, Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Notes

Read more here: » Cleopatra VII of Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Cleopatra VII of Egypt - Early life and name

In 30 BC, following the death of Cleopatra, Egypt became part of the Roman Empire as the province Aegyptus, governed by a prefect selected by the Emperor from the Equestrian and not a governor from the Senatorial order, to prevent interference by the Roman Senate. The main Roman interest in Egypt was always the reliable delivery of grain to the city of Rome. To this end the Roman administration made no change to the Ptolemaic system of government, although Romans replaced Greeks in the highest offices. But Greeks continued to staff most of t ...

See also:

History of Greek and Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy I, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy II, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy III, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The decline of the Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The later Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman rule in Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Christian Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Byzantine Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Persian and Arab Conquests

Read more here: » History of Greek and Roman Egypt: Encyclopedia II - History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt

The name Australia is derived from the Latin australis, meaning southern. Legends of an "unknown southern land" (terra australis incognita) date back to the Roman times and were commonplace in mediæval geography, but they were not based on any actual knowledge of the continent. The Dutch adjectival form Australische ("Australian," in the sense of "southern") was used by Dutch officials in Batavia to refer to the newly discovered land to the south as early as 1638. The first English language writer to use the word ...

See also:

Australia, Australia - Origin and history of the name, Australia - History, Australia - Politics, Australia - States and territories, Australia - Foreign relations and military, Australia - Geography and climate, Australia - Flora and fauna, Australia - Economy, Australia - Demographics, Australia - Culture, Australia - Related topics

Read more here: » Australia: Encyclopedia II - Australia - Origin and history of the name

Flag of Egypt - Egypt under Ottoman Rule. Flag of Egypt - British Protectorate 1914-1922. Muhammad Ali did introduce one distinctive new flag which eventually became the first real Egyptian national flag. Perhaps to symbolize the victory of his armies in 3 continents (Europe, Asia, and Africa) or his own sovereignty over Egypt, Nubia, and the Sudan, Ali set three white crescents and three stars on a red field. In 1882, Egyptian nationalists, seeking t ...

See also:

Flag of Egypt, Flag of Egypt - Symbolism, Flag of Egypt - Egyptian Flag Etiquette, Flag of Egypt - Display Etiquette, Flag of Egypt - Rules Governing the Hoisting of the Flag, Flag of Egypt - Saluting the flag, Flag of Egypt - Penal Provisions for Contempt of the Flag, Flag of Egypt - History, Flag of Egypt - Egypt under Ottoman Rule, Flag of Egypt - British Protectorate 1914-1922, Flag of Egypt - Kingdom of Egypt 1922-1952, Flag of Egypt - Republic of Egypt 1952-1958, Flag of Egypt - Egypt as United Arab Republic 1958-1972, Flag of Egypt - Republic of Egypt 1972-1984, Flag of Egypt - See Also

Read more here: » Flag of Egypt: Encyclopedia II - Flag of Egypt - History

The name Australia is derived from the Latin australis, meaning southern. Legends of an "unknown southern land" (terra australis incognita) date back to the Roman times and were commonplace in mediæval geography, but they were not based on any actual knowledge of the continent. The Dutch adjectival form Australische ("Australian," in the sense of "southern") was used by Dutch officials in Batavia to refer to the newly discovered land to the south as early as 1638. The first English language writer to use the word ...

See also:

Australia, Australia - Origin and history of the name, Australia - History, Australia - Politics, Australia - States and territories, Australia - Foreign relations and military, Australia - Geography and climate, Australia - Flora and fauna, Australia - Economy, Australia - Demographics, Australia - Culture

Read more here: » Australia: Encyclopedia II - Australia - Origin and history of the name

The name of Afghanistan derives from word Afghan. The Pushtuns appear to have begun using the term Afghan as a name for themselves from the Islamic period onwards. According to W.K. Frazier Tyler, M.C. Gillet and several other scholars, "The word Afghan first appears in history in the Hudud-al-Alam in 982 AD." There are numerous views, regarding the origin of name Afgha ...

See also:

Afghanistan, Afghanistan - Origin and history of the name, Afghanistan - History, Afghanistan - Politics, Afghanistan - Subdivisions, Afghanistan - Geography, Afghanistan - Economy, Afghanistan - Economy References, Afghanistan - Demographics, Afghanistan - Constitution, Afghanistan - Culture, Afghanistan - Education, Afghanistan - Additional references

Read more here: » Afghanistan: Encyclopedia II - Afghanistan - Origin and history of the name

The current name of Afghanistan derives from the alternative name for the Pashtuns: Afghan, being the founders of modern Afghanistan. The Pashtuns appear to have begun using the term Afghan as a name for themselves from the Islamic period onwards. According to the writer W.K. Frazier Tyler, writing in his book Afghanistan, "The word Afghan… first appears in history in the Hudud-al-Alam in 982 AD." There are several views regarding ...

See also:

Afghanistan, Afghanistan - Origin and history of the name, Afghanistan - History, Afghanistan - Politics, Afghanistan - Subdivisions, Afghanistan - Geography, Afghanistan - Economy, Afghanistan - Economy References, Afghanistan - Demographics, Afghanistan - Constitution, Afghanistan - Culture, Afghanistan - Education, Afghanistan - Additional references

Read more here: » Afghanistan: Encyclopedia II - Afghanistan - Origin and history of the name

The rent-roll of Akbar, a sixteenth-century Mughal emperor, and the work of a Bengali poet, Bipradaas, of the late fifteenth century, both make mention of the city's early name being Kolikata, from which Kolkata/Calcutta are said to derive (1). There is lot of discussion on how the city got its name. There are different views on the issue. The more popular one is that the city got its name from the Hindu goddess ...

See also:

History of Kolkata, History of Kolkata - Name and origins, History of Kolkata - Journey from British rule to independence, History of Kolkata - Wars with Siraj and the French, History of Kolkata - Contribution to the independence movement of India, History of Kolkata - Growth, History of Kolkata - The Baboo/Babu Culture and the Bengal Renaissance

Read more here: » History of Kolkata: Encyclopedia II - History of Kolkata - Name and origins