Main article: History of Education in Japan Formal education in Japan began with the adoption of Chinese culture in the 6th century. Buddhist and Confucian teachings as well as sciences, calligraphy, divination and literature were taught at the courts of Asuka, Nara and Heian. Scholar officials were chosen through an Imperial examination system. But contrary to China, the system never fully took hold and titles and posts at the court remained hereditary family possessions. The rise of the bushi, the military class, during the Kamakura period ended the influence of scholar officials, but Buddhist monaste ...

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Education in Japan, Education in Japan - Education in the Japanese society, Education in Japan - History, Education in Japan - Primary and Secondary Education, Education in Japan - Structure, Education in Japan - Legal foundation, Education in Japan - The Ministry of Education, Education in Japan - Local boards of education, Education in Japan - Financing, Education in Japan - Teachers, Education in Japan - Reference

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Education in Japan, Education in Japan - Education in Japanese society, Education in Japan - History, Education in Japan - Primary and secondary education, Education in Japan - Structure, Education in Japan - Legal foundation, Education in Japan - The Ministry of Education, Education in Japan - Local boards of education, Education in Japan - Financing, Education in Japan - Teachers, Education in Japan - Reference

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Education in Japan is a national, prefectural, and municipal responsibility. The MEXT has dozens of internal study groups that study how education should be done, and provide guidance and advice to prefectural governments based on this research. In the past, these "guidance" and "advice" have been something to be studiously observed and straying from them resulted in cuts in the budget and other difficulties. However, recent reforms have handed over more power to prefectural governments. The MEXT also checks textbooks to see that they are ne ...

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Education in Japan, Education in Japan - Education in the Japanese society, Education in Japan - History, Education in Japan - Primary and Secondary Education, Education in Japan - Structure, Education in Japan - Legal foundation, Education in Japan - The Ministry of Education, Education in Japan - Local boards of education, Education in Japan - Financing, Education in Japan - Teachers, Education in Japan - Reference

Read more here: » Education in Japan: Encyclopedia II - Education in Japan - Structure

Education in Japan is a national, prefectural, and municipal responsibility. The MEXT has dozens of internal study groups that study how education should be done, and provide guidance and advice to prefectural governments based on this research. In the past, these "guidance" and "advice" have been something to be studiously observed and straying from them resulted in cuts in the budget and other difficulties. However, recent reforms have handed over more power to prefectural governments. The MEXT also checks textbooks to see that they are ne ...

See also:

Education in Japan, Education in Japan - Education in Japanese society, Education in Japan - History, Education in Japan - Primary and secondary education, Education in Japan - Structure, Education in Japan - Legal foundation, Education in Japan - The Ministry of Education, Education in Japan - Local boards of education, Education in Japan - Financing, Education in Japan - Teachers, Education in Japan - Reference

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Japan (Japanese: 日本, Nihon or Nippon) is an East Asian country surrounded by the Pacific Ocean, the Sea of Japan, the Philippine Sea, the East China Sea, and the Sea of Okhotsk. To the west is Korea (North and South), to the north Russia, and to the southwest China mainland and Taiwan. One of the world's leading industrialized countries, the "Land of the Rising Sun" is composed of over 3,000 islands. The largest and main islands are, from north to south, Hokkaidō, Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū. The Ryukyu Is ...

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Japan - History
Japan - Pre-history Japan - Classical era Japan - Medieval era Japan - Modern era
Japan - Government and politics
Japan - The Parliament Japan - The Imperial Household Japan - Foreign relations
Japan - Geography of Japan
Japan - Climate Japan - Ecoregions Japan - Regions Japan - Prefectures
Japan - Economy
Japan - Agricultural sector Japan - Industrial sector Japan - Service sector
Japan - Society
Japan - Demographics Japan - Religion Japan - Education Japan - Language Japan - Culture
Japan - Military Japan - Miscellaneous topics

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Kyushu (九州 kyūshū) is the third largest island of Japan and most southerly and westerly of the four main islands. It is considered the birthplace of the Japanese civilization. Its alternate ancient names include Kyukoku (九国), Chinzei (鎮西), and Tsukushi-shima (筑紫島). The ancient region Saikaido consists of Kyushu and its surrounding islands. Population: 13.44 million (1995). Area: 35,640 km². Kyushu - Geography. The island is mountainous, and Japan's lar ...

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Kyushu - Geography Kyushu - Economy Kyushu - Education

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Education is a social science that encompasses teaching and learning specific knowledge, beliefs and skills. Licensed and practicing teachers in the field use a variety of methods and materials in order to impart a curriculum. There has been a plethora of journals, magazines, books and digests in the field of education that addresses these areas. Such literature addresses the teaching practices. Subjects include lectures, game playing, testing, scheduling, record keeping, bullying, seating arrangements, interests, motivation, and comp ...

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Education - Overview Education - Origin of the term education Education - Formal education Education - Technology and education Education - History of education
Education - Europe Education - China Education - Japan Education - India Education - Recent world-wide educational trends
Education - Challenges in education
Education - In developing countries
Education - Parental involvement Education - Prominent educationalists

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Image:WEB DuBois.jpg William Edward Burghardt DuBois (February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an African American civil rights activist, sociologist, historian, writer, editor, poet, freemason, and scholar. Although born in the United States, he became a naturalized citizen of Ghana in 1963, at the age of 95. W.E.B. DuBois - Early life and education. DuBois was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts to Alfred and Mary DuBois. As a youth, his intellectual development was spurred through an interest in th ...

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W.E.B. DuBois - Early life and education W.E.B. DuBois - Civil rights activism W.E.B. DuBois - Communism W.E.B. DuBois - Imperial Japan W.E.B. DuBois - Renunciation of U.S. citizenship W.E.B. DuBois - Quotes W.E.B. DuBois - Bibliography W.E.B. DuBois - Bibliography

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In 1991 more than 2.1 million students were enrolled in Japan's 507 universities. At the top of the higher education structure, these institutions provide four-year training leading to a bachelor's degree, and some offer six-year programs leading to a professional degree. There are two types of public four-year colleges: the ninety-six national universities (including the University of the Air) and the thirty-nine local public universities, founded by prefectures and municipalities. ...

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Higher education in Japan, Higher education in Japan - College Entrance, Higher education in Japan - Universities, Higher education in Japan - Junior Colleges, Higher education in Japan - Special Training Schools, Higher education in Japan - Miscellaneous Schools, Higher education in Japan - Technical Colleges, Higher education in Japan - Graduate Education, Higher education in Japan - Reference

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Even though upper-secondary school is not compulsory in Japan, 94 percent of all lower-secondary school graduates entered upper secondary schools in 1989. Private upper-secondary schools account for about 24 percent of all upper-secondary schools, and neither public nor private schools are free. The Ministry of Education estimated that annual family expenses for the education of a child in a public upper-secondary school were about ･300,000 Yen (US$2,142) in both 1986 and 1987 ...

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Secondary education in Japan, Secondary education in Japan - Secondary vs. High school, Secondary education in Japan - Lower-Secondary School Junior high school, Secondary education in Japan - Upper Secondary School, Secondary education in Japan - Curriculum, Secondary education in Japan - Teachers, Secondary education in Japan - School codes, Secondary education in Japan - Minorities, Secondary education in Japan - Job placement, Secondary education in Japan - After-school activities, Secondary education in Japan - Special Education, Secondary education in Japan - Reference

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Lower-secondary school covers grades seven, eight, and nine-- children between the ages of roughly twelve and fifteen--with increased focus on academic studies. Although it is still possible to leave the formal education system after completing lower secondary school and find employment, fewer than 4 percent did so by the late 1980s. Like elementary schools, most lower-secondary schools in the 1980s were public, but 5 percent were private. Private schools were costly, averaging 558,592 Yen (US$3,989) per student in 1988, about four times more than the 130,828 Yen (US$934) that ...

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Secondary education in Japan, Secondary education in Japan - Secondary vs. High school, Secondary education in Japan - Lower-Secondary School Junior high school, Secondary education in Japan - Upper Secondary School, Secondary education in Japan - Curriculum, Secondary education in Japan - Teachers, Secondary education in Japan - School codes, Secondary education in Japan - Minorities, Secondary education in Japan - Job placement, Secondary education in Japan - After-school activities, Secondary education in Japan - Special Education, Secondary education in Japan - Reference

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College entrance is based largely on the scores that students achieved in entrance examinations (jap. nyūgaku shiken 入学試験). Private institutions accounted for nearly 80 % of all university enrollments in 1991, but with a few exceptions, the public national universities are the most highly regarded. This distinction had its origins in historical factors--the long years of dominance of the select imperial universities, such as Tokyo and Kyoto universities, which trained Japan's leaders before the war--and also in differences in ...

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Higher education in Japan, Higher education in Japan - College Entrance, Higher education in Japan - Universities, Higher education in Japan - Junior Colleges, Higher education in Japan - Special Training Schools, Higher education in Japan - Miscellaneous Schools, Higher education in Japan - Technical Colleges, Higher education in Japan - Graduate Education, Higher education in Japan - Reference

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By 1603 Japan had been reunified by the Tokugawa regime (1600- 1867), and by 1640 foreigners had been ordered out of Japan, Christianity banned, and virtually all foreign contact prohibited. The nation then entered a period of isolation and relative domestic tranquillity, which was to last 200 years. When the Tokugawa period began, few common people in Japan could read or write. By the period's end, learning had become widespread. Tokugawa education left a valuable legacy: an increasingly literate populace, a meritocratic ideology, and an em ...

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History of education in Japan, History of education in Japan - 6th to 15th century, History of education in Japan - 16th century, History of education in Japan - Edo period, History of education in Japan - Meiji period, History of education in Japan - Pre-war 20th century, History of education in Japan - Occupation period, History of education in Japan - Post-occupation period, History of education in Japan - 1980s, History of education in Japan - History of Women's Education

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Japan - Pre-history. Archaeological research indicates that the earliest inhabitants of Japan migrated over land bridges from Korea and Siberia, at least 30,000 years ago. Vague evidence suggests that some may have later come by sea from Southeast Asia during a period of migration toward the Pacific Ocean. The first signs of civilization appeared around 10,000 BC with the Jomon culture, characterized by a Mesolithic to Neolithic semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer lifestyle of pit dwelling and a rudimentary for ...

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Japan, Japan - History, Japan - Pre-history, Japan - Classical era, Japan - Medieval era, Japan - Modern era, Japan - Government and politics, Japan - The Parliament, Japan - The Imperial Household, Japan - Foreign relations, Japan - Geography of Japan, Japan - Climate, Japan - Ecoregions, Japan - Regions, Japan - Prefectures, Japan - Economy, Japan - Agricultural sector, Japan - Industrial sector, Japan - Service sector, Japan - Society, Japan - Demographics, Japan - Religion, Japan - Education, Japan - Language, Japan - Culture, Japan - Military, Japan - Miscellaneous topics

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Japan - Pre-history. Archaeological research indicates that the earliest inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago migrated over land bridges from Northeast Asia about 30,000 years ago. Other evidence also suggests that some may have later come by sea from Southeast Asia during a period of migration toward the Pacific Ocean. The first signs of civilization appeared around 10,000 BC with the Jomon culture, characterized by a Mesolithic to Neolithic semi-sedentary hunter-gatherer lifestyle of pit dwelling and ...

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Japan, Japan - History, Japan - Pre-history, Japan - Classical era, Japan - Medieval era, Japan - Modern era, Japan - Government and politics, Japan - The Parliament, Japan - The Imperial Household, Japan - Foreign relations, Japan - Geography of Japan, Japan - Climate, Japan - Ecoregions, Japan - Regions, Japan - Prefectures, Japan - Economy, Japan - Agricultural sector, Japan - Industrial sector, Japan - Service sector, Japan - Society, Japan - Demographics, Japan - Religion, Japan - Education, Japan - Language, Japan - Culture, Japan - Military, Japan - Miscellaneous topics

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Graduate schools became a part of the formal higher education system only after World War II and are still not stressed in the 1990s. Even though 60 % of all universities have graduate schools, only 7 % of university graduates advance to master's programs, and total graduate school enrollment is about 4 % of the entire university student population. The pattern of graduate enrollment is almost the opposite of that of undergraduates: the majority (63 %) of all graduate students are enrolled in the national universities, and it appears ...

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Higher education in Japan, Higher education in Japan - College Entrance, Higher education in Japan - Universities, Higher education in Japan - Junior Colleges, Higher education in Japan - Special Training Schools, Higher education in Japan - Miscellaneous Schools, Higher education in Japan - Technical Colleges, Higher education in Japan - Graduate Education, Higher education in Japan - Reference

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In spite of the admirable success of the education system since World War II, problems remained through the 1980s. Some of these difficulties as perceived by domestic and foreign observers included rigidity, excessive uniformity, lack of choices, undesirable influences of the university examinations (nyugaku shiken 入学試験), and overriding emphasis on formal educational credentials. There was also a belief that education was responsible for some social problems and for the general academic, behavioral, and adjustment problems of ...

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History of education in Japan, History of education in Japan - 6th to 15th century, History of education in Japan - 16th century, History of education in Japan - Edo period, History of education in Japan - Meiji period, History of education in Japan - Pre-war 20th century, History of education in Japan - Occupation period, History of education in Japan - Post-occupation period, History of education in Japan - 1980s, History of education in Japan - History of Women's Education

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After the restoration of full national sovereignty in 1952, Japan immediately began to modify some of the changes in education, to reflect Japanese ideas about education and educational administration. The postwar Ministry of Education regained a great deal of power. School boards were appointed, instead of elected. A course in moral education was reinstituted in modified form, despite substantial in ...

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History of education in Japan, History of education in Japan - 6th to 15th century, History of education in Japan - 16th century, History of education in Japan - Edo period, History of education in Japan - Meiji period, History of education in Japan - Pre-war 20th century, History of education in Japan - Occupation period, History of education in Japan - Post-occupation period, History of education in Japan - 1980s, History of education in Japan - History of Women's Education

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In the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Japan experienced intense contact with the major European powers. Jesuit missionaries, who accompanied Portuguese traders, preached Christianity and opened a number of religious schools. Japanese students thus began to study Latin and Western music, as well as their own language. see: Nanban trade period ...

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History of education in Japan, History of education in Japan - 6th to 15th century, History of education in Japan - 16th century, History of education in Japan - Edo period, History of education in Japan - Meiji period, History of education in Japan - Pre-war 20th century, History of education in Japan - Occupation period, History of education in Japan - Post-occupation period, History of education in Japan - 1980s, History of education in Japan - History of Women's Education

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After 1868 new leadership set Japan on a rapid course of modernization.The Meiji leaders established a public education system to help Japan catch up with the West and form a modern nation. Missions like the Iwakura mission were sent abroad to study the education systems of leading Western countries. They returned with the ideas of decentralization, local school boards, and teacher autonomy. Such ideas and ambitious initial plans, however, proved very difficult to carry out. After some trial and error, a new national education system emerged ...

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History of education in Japan, History of education in Japan - 6th to 15th century, History of education in Japan - 16th century, History of education in Japan - Edo period, History of education in Japan - Meiji period, History of education in Japan - Pre-war 20th century, History of education in Japan - Occupation period, History of education in Japan - Post-occupation period, History of education in Japan - 1980s, History of education in Japan - History of Women's Education

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