Alfred Schütz (1899-1959, aka Alfred Schutz) was a philosopher and sociologist. He was born in Austria and studied law in Vienna, but moved to the United States in 1939, where he became a member of the faculty of the New School for Social Research. He worked on phenomenology, social science methodology and the philosophy of Edmund Husserl, William James and others. Schütz's principal task was to develop the phenomenological philosophy of Edmund Husserl as a basis for a philosophy of the social sciences. Although Schütz was n ...

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See also:

Edmund Husserl, Edmund Husserl - Life and works, Edmund Husserl - Husserl's studies and early works, Edmund Husserl - The Elaboration of Phenomenology, Edmund Husserl - Bibliography, Edmund Husserl - Works by Husserl, Edmund Husserl - Works about Husserl

Read more here: » Edmund Husserl: Encyclopedia II - Edmund Husserl - Life and works

Koyré was born in the city of Taganrog in a Russian family of Jewish origin. In Göttingen, Germany he studied under Edmund Husserl and David Hilbert.Husserl did not approve of Koyré's dissertation, whereupon Koyré left for Paris. After Husserl's Cartesian Meditations, a series of lectures given in Paris and one of the more important of Husserl's later works, Koyré met with him repeatedly and influen ...

See also:

Alexandre Koyré, Alexandre Koyré - Life, Alexandre Koyré - Writings selection, Alexandre Koyré - Bibliography

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Cartesian means of or relating to the French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes. See: René Descartes, after whom the term is named Cartesian dualism Cartesian theater Cartesian product, a direct product of two sets Cartesian coordinate system, modern rectangular coordinate system the Cartesian diver experiment Cartesian Meditations, a work by Edmund Husserl Carte

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Phenomenology is a current in philosophy that takes the intuitive experience of phenomena (what presents itself to us in conscious experience) as its starting point and tries to extract the essential features of experiences and the essence of what we experience. It stems from the School of Brentano and was mostly based on the work of the 20th century philosopher Edmund Husserl, and was developed further by philosophers such as Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Max Scheler, Hannah Arendt, and Emmanuel Levinas. As such, phenomeno ...

Including:

Phenomenology - Historical overview of the use of the term Phenomenology - Husserl and the origin of Phenomenology
Phenomenology - Precursors and influences
Phenomenology - Phenomenology in the first edition of the Logische Untersuchungen 1900/1901 Phenomenology - Transcendental phenomenology after the Ideen 1913
Phenomenology - Transcendental phenomenologists
Phenomenology - Realist phenomenology
Phenomenology - Realist phenomenologists
Phenomenology - Existential phenomenology
Phenomenology - Heidegger's phenomenology and differences with Husserl Phenomenology - Existential phenomenologists
Phenomenology - Currents influenced by phenomenology

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Carl Stumpf (21 April 1848 - 25 December 1936) was a philosopher and psychologist. He studied with Franz Brentano and Rudolf Hermann Lotze. He had an important influence on Edmund Husserl, the founder of modern phenomenology, Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler and Kurt Koffka, co-founders of Gestalt psychology, as well as the renowned Austrian novelist Robert Musil who was his doctoral student. Stumpf is also credited with the introduction in current philosophy of the concept of state of affairs (Sachverhalt), which was la ...

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Born on February 5, 1893 in Kraków, as an Austrian subject during Austria'a last occupation of Southern Poland, he initially studied mathematics and philosophy under the guidance of Kazimierz Twardowski in Lwów, and in 1912 moved to Göttingen to study philosophy under Edmund Husserl. Husserl considered Ingarden one of his best students, and Ingarden followed him to Freiburg, where he submitted his doctoral dissertation in 1918 with Husserl as director. The two remained in clo ...

See also:

Roman Ingarden, Roman Ingarden - Life, Roman Ingarden - Works, Roman Ingarden - Main works in German, Roman Ingarden - Main works in Polish, Roman Ingarden - Main works translated to English, Roman Ingarden - Suggested readings

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Willard taught at the University of Wisconsin in Madison from 1960-1965. Since then he has taught at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, where he served as Director of the School of Philosophy from 1982-1985. He has also held visiting appointments at UCLA (1969) and the University of Colorado (1984). His publications in philosophy are concerned primarily with epistemology, the philosophy of mind and of logic, and with the philosophy of Edmund Husserl. He has translated many of ...

See also:

Dallas Willard, Dallas Willard - Education, Dallas Willard - Academic Career, Dallas Willard - Other Work, Dallas Willard - Selected Publications, Dallas Willard - Translations of Works by Husserl, Dallas Willard - Christian Books

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Jacques Derrida - Early works. Derrida's earliest work was in phenomenology. His earliest academic manuscript for a degree was a work on Edmund Husserl and "genesis", submitted in 1954 and much later published as The Problem of Genesis in Husserl's Phenomenology. In 1962 he published a translation of Husserl's Foundations of Geometry, for which he wrote a lengthy introdu ...

See also:

Jacques Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Life, Jacques Derrida - Work, Jacques Derrida - Early works, Jacques Derrida - 1967-1972, Jacques Derrida - On Spirit, Jacques Derrida - Other Works, Jacques Derrida - Deconstruction, Jacques Derrida - Aporia, Jacques Derrida - Taking Derrida Seriously, Jacques Derrida - Criticism of Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Politics, Jacques Derrida - Derrida and his peers, Jacques Derrida - Paul de Man, Jacques Derrida - Derrida's Translators, Jacques Derrida - Controversies and mourning, Jacques Derrida - Online texts, Jacques Derrida - Essays excerpts, Jacques Derrida - Interviews, Jacques Derrida - Bibliography, Jacques Derrida - Selected works by Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Works on Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Works by others referenced above

Read more here: » Jacques Derrida: Encyclopedia II - Jacques Derrida - Work

Jacques Derrida - Early works. Derrida's earliest work was in phenomenology. His earliest academic manuscript for a degree was a work on Edmund Husserl and "genesis", submitted in 1954 and much later published as The Problem of Genesis in Husserl's Phenomenology. In 1962 he published a translation of Husserl's Foundations of Geometry, for which he wrote a lengthy introdu ...

See also:

Jacques Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Life, Jacques Derrida - Work, Jacques Derrida - Early works, Jacques Derrida - 1967-1972, Jacques Derrida - Of Spirit, Jacques Derrida - Other Works, Jacques Derrida - Deconstruction, Jacques Derrida - Aporia, Jacques Derrida - Criticism of Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Politics, Jacques Derrida - Derrida and his peers, Jacques Derrida - Paul de Man, Jacques Derrida - Derrida's Translators, Jacques Derrida - Controversies and mourning, Jacques Derrida - Online texts, Jacques Derrida - Essays excerpts, Jacques Derrida - Interviews, Jacques Derrida - Bibliography, Jacques Derrida - Selected works by Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Works on Derrida, Jacques Derrida - Works by others referenced above

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Adolf Reinach studied at the Ostergymnasium in Mainz (where he became at first interested in Plato) and later entered the University of Munich in 1901 where he studied mainly psychology and philosophy under Theodor Lipps. In the circle of Lipps' students he came in contact with Moritz Geiger, Otto Selz, Aloys Fischer and above all Johannes Daubert. From onward 1903/4 he was increasingly busy with the works of Edmund Husserl, especially his Logis ...

See also:

Adolf Reinach, Adolf Reinach - Life and Works, Adolf Reinach - List of main works, Adolf Reinach - Bibliography

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Postmodern philosophy - Early influences in postmodern philosophy. Postmodern philosophy originated primarily in France during the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. However, it was greatly influenced by the writings of several earlier 20th century philosophers, including phenomenologists Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, structuralist Roland Barthes, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. Postmodern philosophy also drew from the world of the arts, particularly Marcel Duchamp and artists who practiced collage. See also:

Postmodern philosophy, Postmodern philosophy - History of postmodern philosophy, Postmodern philosophy - Early influences in postmodern philosophy, Postmodern philosophy - Early postmodern philosophers, Postmodern philosophy - Later postmodern philosophers, Postmodern philosophy - Postmodernism and post-structuralism, Postmodern philosophy - Postmodernism versus postmodernity, Postmodern philosophy - Links

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Although Max Wertheimer is credited as the founder of the movement, the concept of Gestalt was first introduced in contemporary philosophy and psychology by Christian von Ehrenfels (a member of the School of Brentano). The idea of Gestalt has its roots in theories by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Immanuel Kant, and Ernst Mach. Both von Ehrenfels and Edmund Husserl seem to have been inspired by Mach's work Beiträge zur Analyse der Empfindungen (Contributions to the Analysis of the Sensations, 1886), in formulating their very similar concepts of Gestal ...

See also:

Gestalt psychology, Gestalt psychology - Origins, Gestalt psychology - Theoretical framework and methodology, Gestalt psychology - Prägnanz, Gestalt psychology - Relationship to gestalt therapy

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Hountondji was educated at the Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, graduating in 1966, and taking his doctorate in 1970 (his thesis was on Edmund Husserl). After two years teaching in France and in the Congo Republic, he accepted a post at the National University of Benin in Cotonou, where he still teaches as Professor of Philosophy. His academic career was interrupted, however, by a period spent in politics. Having been a prominent critic of the military dictatorship that had ruled his country, Hountondji became involved in Benin's ret ...

See also:

Paulin J. Hountondji, Paulin J. Hountondji - Life and career, Paulin J. Hountondji - Philosophical work, Paulin J. Hountondji - Bibliography, Paulin J. Hountondji - Works by Hountondji, Paulin J. Hountondji - Secondary literature

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Existentialism was inspired by the works of Søren Kierkegaard, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and the German philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger. It became popular in the mid-20th century through the works of the French writer-philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir whose versions of existentialism are set out in a popular form in Sartre's 1946 L'Existentialisme est un humanisme, transla ...

See also:

Existentialism, Existentialism - Overview, Existentialism - Major concepts in existentialism, Existentialism - Existentialism before 1970, Existentialism - Existentialism since 1970, Existentialism - Criticisms of existentialism, Existentialism - Existentialism in psychotherapy, Existentialism - Major thinkers and authors associated with the movement, Existentialism - Film directors, Existentialism - Novelists and playwrights, Existentialism - Philosophers, Existentialism - Psychologists, Existentialism - Theologians, Existentialism - Existentialism in popular culture, Existentialism - Film, Existentialism - Humour

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Although the term "Existentialism" is often -albeit wrongly- used by many fundamentalist groups to refer to what we now define as Postmodern, Existentialism was really inspired by the works of Arthur Schopenhauer, Søren Kierkegaard, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and the German philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger. It became popular in the mid-20th century through the works of the French writer-philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir whose version of existentialism are set out in a popular form in Sartre's 1946 L'Existentialisme est un humanisme, transla ...

See also:

Existentialism, Existentialism - Overview, Existentialism - Major concepts in existentialism, Existentialism - Existentialism before 1970, Existentialism - Existentialism since 1970, Existentialism - Criticisms of existentialism, Existentialism - Existentialism in psychotherapy, Existentialism - Major thinkers and authors associated with the movement, Existentialism - Film directors, Existentialism - Novelists and playwrights, Existentialism - Philosophers, Existentialism - Psychologists, Existentialism - Theologians, Existentialism - Existentialism in popular culture, Existentialism - Film, Existentialism - Humour

Read more here: » Existentialism: Encyclopedia II - Existentialism - Overview

Existentialism was inspired by the works of Søren Kierkegaard, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and the German philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger. It became popular in the mid-20th century through the works of the French writer-philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir whose versions of existentialism are set out in a popular form in Sartre's 1946 L'Existentialisme est un humanisme, transla ...

See also:

Existentialism, Existentialism - Overview, Existentialism - Major concepts in existentialism, Existentialism - Atheistic Existentialism, Existentialism - Christian Existentialism, Existentialism - Common Threads, Existentialism - Existentialism before 1970, Existentialism - Existentialism since 1970, Existentialism - Criticisms of existentialism, Existentialism - Existentialism in psychotherapy, Existentialism - Major thinkers and authors associated with the movement, Existentialism - Film directors, Existentialism - Novelists and playwrights, Existentialism - Philosophers, Existentialism - Psychologists, Existentialism - Theologians, Existentialism - Existentialism in popular culture, Existentialism - Film, Existentialism - Humour

Read more here: » Existentialism: Encyclopedia II - Existentialism - Overview

The Epistemic basis for Anthroposophy is contained in the seminal work, The Philosophy of Freedom, as well as in Steiner's doctoral thesis, Truth and Science. These and several other early books by Steiner anticipated 20th century continental philosophy's gradual overcoming of Cartesian idealism and of Kantian subjectivism. Like Edmund Husserl and Ortega y Gasset, Steiner was profoundly influenced by the works of Franz Brentano (whose lectures he had heard as a student at the University of Vienna) and had read Wilhelm Dilthey i ...

See also:

Anthroposophy, Anthroposophy - History, Anthroposophy - Description, Anthroposophy - Place in Western Philosophy, Anthroposophy - Relationship to Natural Science, Anthroposophy - Applications, Anthroposophy - Social Goals of Anthroposophy, Anthroposophy - Steiner's Outlook on Social History, Anthroposophy - Social Threefolding, Anthroposophy - Aspects of Anthroposophic Thinking, Anthroposophy - Successes of Anthroposophy, Anthroposophy - Critiques of Anthroposophy, Anthroposophy - Critical views

Read more here: » Anthroposophy: Encyclopedia II - Anthroposophy - Place in Western Philosophy

1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). 1938 - Events. January 3 - The March of Dimes is established by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. January 5 - H.R.H. Prince Juan Carlos of Spain is born. January 11 - Frances Moulton is the first woman to become president of a US national bank. January 20 - Wedding of King Farouk I of Egypt and Queen Farida Zulficar in Cairo January 28 - The first ski tow in America be ...

Including:

1938 - Events
1938 - April-June 1938 - July-September 1938 - October-December 1938 - Unknown dates 1938 - Ongoing events
1938 - Births
1938 - January-February 1938 - March-April 1938 - May-July 1938 - August-October 1938 - November-December 1938 - Fictional
1938 - Deaths 1938 - Nobel Prizes

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There is no universally accepted theory of what the word existence means. The dominant (though by no means universal) view in twentieth-century and contemporary Anglo-American philosophy is that existence is what is asserted by statements of first order logic of the form "for some x Fx". This agrees with the simple and commonsensical view that, in uttering "There is a bridge across the Thames at Hammersmith", or "A bridge crosses the Thames at Hammersmith", we are asserting the existence of a bridge across the Thames at Hammersmith. The word "existence", on this view, is simply a way of describing the logi ...

Including:

Existence - The problems of existence Existence - Modern approaches to the problem Existence - Earlier views Existence - European views Existence - Quotations

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