EBCDIC - Article Index

Encyclopedia - System/34: Encyclopedia Ii - System/34 - Ebcdic
The Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code is the IBM mainframe counterpart of ASCII, the American Standard Code For Interchange ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ebcdic: Encyclopedia Ii - Ebcdic - Technical Details
EBCDIC code pages and ASCII-based code pages are incompatible with each other. Since computers only understand numbers, these codepages a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - .txt: Encyclopedia Ii - .txt - Current Specifications For The .txt Format
As of 2006, there are lots of .txt formats currently in use. They may differ on which language they are intended for, on formatting chara...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - O: Encyclopedia - O
O is the fifteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is o, plural o's or oes. O - History. The letter was derived from t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - A: Encyclopedia - A
The letter A is the first letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is a, plural ās or aes. A - History. The letter A probably...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Iso/iec 646: Encyclopedia Ii - Iso/iec 646 - History
ISO/IEC 646 and its predecessor ASCII, ANS X3.4, largely endorses existing practice regarding character encodings in the telecommunicatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - L: Encyclopedia - L
L is the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is el. L - History. The letter L is derived ultimately from the Semit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - K: Encyclopedia - K
The eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet, K, or k comes from the Greek Κ or κ (Kappa) developed from the Semitic Kap, symbol for an op...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - M: Encyclopedia - M
M is the thirteenth letter of the latin alphabet. Its name in English is em. M is also the title of a 1931 film by Fritz Lang, and its 19...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - P: Encyclopedia - P
P is the sixteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is pee. Semitic Pê (mouth) as well as Greek Π or π (Pi) and the E...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - J: Encyclopedia - J
The letter J is the tenth of the Latin alphabet; it was the last to be added to that alphabet. Its name in English is jay. In the Intern...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Q: Encyclopedia - Q
Q is the seventeenth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is cue, occasionally spelled cu. The Semitic sound value of Qôp (...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - R: Encyclopedia - R
R is the eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is ar [ɑːɹ]. Semitic Rêš (the head) developed into Greek Ρ �...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - N: Encyclopedia - N
N is the fourteenth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is en. Semitic Nûn was probably the picture of a snake; the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - D: Encyclopedia - D
The letter D is the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is dee. D - History. The Semitic letter Dâlet probably dev...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - C: Encyclopedia - C
C (lowercase c) is the third letter of the Roman alphabet. Its name in English is cee. In the Etruscan language, plosive consonants had n...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - T: Encyclopedia - T
T is the twentieth letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is tee. Tâw was the last letter of the Western Semitic alpha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Computing: Encyclopedia - Computing
Originally, the word computing was synonymous with counting and calculating, and a science that deals with the original sense of computin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - E: Encyclopedia - E
The letter E is the fifth letter in the Latin alphabet. E - History. E is derived from the Greek letter epsilon which is much the same ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - G: Encyclopedia - G
G is the seventh letter in the Roman alphabet. Its name in English is gee. G - History. The letter G was created by the Romans because t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - F: Encyclopedia - F
The letter F is the sixth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is ef, spelled eff when used as a verb. On keyboards, often t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - H: Encyclopedia - H
H is the eighth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is aitch. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, this symbol is used t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Computer Science: Encyclopedia - String Computer Science
In computer programming and some branches of mathematics, strings are sequences of various simple objects. These simple objects are selec...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - B: Encyclopedia - B
The letter B is the second letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is bee. B - History. The letter B probably started a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Character Encoding: Encyclopedia - Character Encoding
A character encoding consists of a code that pairs a set of characters (representations of graphemes or grapheme-like units, such as migh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Year 2000 Problem: Encyclopedia - Year 2000 Problem
The year 2000 problem (also known as the Y2K problem and the millennium bug) was a common practice (not a flaw) in computer program desig...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Code Page: Encyclopedia - Code Page
Code page is the traditional IBM term used for a specific character encoding table: a mapping in which a sequence of bits, usually a sing...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Unix System Services: Encyclopedia - Unix System Services
UNIX System Services (USS) is a component of z/OS. USS is a certified UNIX implementation (XPG4 UNIX 95) optimized for mainframe architec...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Unicode: Encyclopedia - Unicode
Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. Such characters ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Carriage Return: Encyclopedia - Carriage Return
Originally, carriage return was the term for the lever or mechanism on a typewriter that would cause the cylinder on which the paper was ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - W: Encyclopedia - W
W is the twenty-third letter of the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is double-u. The earliest form of the letter W was a doubl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - V: Encyclopedia - V
V is the twenty-second letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is vee. Like F and the Greek letter Upsilon (also spelled...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Baudot Code: Encyclopedia - Baudot Code
The Baudot code, named after its inventor Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII and used originally and primarily ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Binary-coded Decimal: Encyclopedia - Binary-coded Decimal
Binary-coded decimal (BCD) is, after character encodings, the most common way of encoding decimal digits in computing and in electronic s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Binary Code: Encyclopedia - Binary Code
The term binary code can mean several different things: There are a variety of different methods of coding numbers or symbols into strin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Binary And Text Files: Encyclopedia - Binary And Text Files
Computer files can be divided into two broad categories: binary and text. Text files are files which contain ordinary textual characters ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - U: Encyclopedia - U
U is the twenty-first letter of the modern Latin alphabet. U was originally a positional variant of the letter V, as J was of I, used onl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - I: Encyclopedia - I
I is the ninth letter in the Latin alphabet. I - History. The letter I derived from the Greek iota (Ι, ι). It stood for the vowel /i/,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - X: Encyclopedia - X
X is the twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is ex (/ɛks/). In phonetics, x is the IPA and X-SAMPA symbol fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - S: Encyclopedia - S
S is the nineteenth letter in the modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English is ess, or es- in compounds such as es-hook. In most writing...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Y: Encyclopedia - Y
Y is the twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet. Its name in English is wy, sometimes spelled wye. See V. In Ancient Greek Υψιλο�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Iso/iec 646: Encyclopedia Ii - Iso/iec 646 - National Variants
Some national variants of ISO 646 are: The specifics of the changes for some of these variants are given in this table: Later, when 8 bit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ascii: Encyclopedia - Ascii
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), generally pronounced [ˈæski], is a character encoding based on the English ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Z: Encyclopedia - Z
Z is the twenty-sixth and last letter of the English alphabet. In almost all forms of Commonwealth English, the letter is named zed, refl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Osi Model: Encyclopedia Ii - Osi Model - Description Of Layers
OSI model - Layer 1: Physical layer. The Physical layer defines all the electrical and physical specifications for devices. This includ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Newline: Encyclopedia Ii - Newline - Newline In Programming Languages
To facilitate creation of portable programs, programming languages provide some abstractions to deal with the different types of newline ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Z: Encyclopedia Ii - Z - Codes For Computing
In Unicode the capital Z is codepoint U+005A and the lowercase z is U+007A. The ASCII code for capital Z is 90 and for lowercase z is 122...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - X: Encyclopedia Ii - X - Codes For Computing
In Unicode the capital X is codepoint U+0058 and the lowercase x is U+0078. The ASCII code for capital X is 88 and for lowercase x is 120...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Y: Encyclopedia Ii - Y - Codes For Computing
In Unicode the capital Y is codepoint U+0059 and the lowercase y is U+0079. The ASCII code for capital Y is 89 and for lowercase y is 121...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - I: Encyclopedia Ii - I - History
The letter I derived from the Greek iota (Ι, ι). It stood for the vowel /i/, the same as in the Old Italic alphabet. In Latin (as in Mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ascii: Encyclopedia Ii - Ascii - Ascii Control Characters
ASCII reserves the first 32 codes (numbers 0–31 decimal) for control characters: codes originally intended not to carry printable infor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Computing Topics: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Computing Topics - 0–9
1.TR.6 -- 100BaseFX -- 100BaseTX -- 100BaseT -- 100BaseVG -- 100VG-AnyLAN -- 10base2 -- 10base5 -- 10baseT -- 120 reset -- 16-bit -- 16-b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - C: Encyclopedia Ii - C - Phonetic Use
/k/ developed palatal and velar allophones in Latin, probably due to Etruscan influence. The Romance languages and English have a common ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Unicode: Encyclopedia Ii - Unicode - Mapping And Encodings
Unicode - Standard. The Unicode Consortium, based in California, develops the Unicode standard. Any company or individual willing to pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Key Punch: Encyclopedia Ii - Key Punch - Post-ww Ii Ibm Key Punches For 80-column Cards
Key punches made a distinctive "chunk, chunk" sound as characters were punched. Key punch - IBM 024. Basic keypunch with no printing. L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Osi Model: Encyclopedia Ii - Osi Model - Description Of Osi Layers
OSI model - Layer 1: Physical layer. The Physical layer defines all the electrical and physical specifications for devices. This includ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - W: Encyclopedia Ii - W - Alternative Representations
Whiskey represents the letter W in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In international Morse code the letter W is DitDahDah: · - - In...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Ibm Products: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Ibm Products - Computer And Calculating Device Peripherals
List of IBM products - Punched card and paper tape equipment. IBM 323 — Card Punch IBM 521 — Punch card reader/punch IBM 527 — P...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Mvs: Encyclopedia Ii - Mvs - Mvs Filesystem
MVS's classic filesystem is a record-oriented filesystem. Filenames are organized in a hierarchy, separated with dots. Each level in the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - V: Encyclopedia Ii - V - Alternative Representations
Victor represents the letter V in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In international Morse code the letter V is DitDitDitDah: · · �...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - N: Encyclopedia Ii - N - Usage
N serves as an alveolar nasal in virtually all languages that use the Latin alphabet. A common digraph with N is NG, which produces a vel...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Intercal: Encyclopedia Ii - Intercal - Dialects
The original Woods-Lyon INTERCAL was very limited in its input/output capabilities: the only acceptable input was numbers with the digits...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - K: Encyclopedia Ii - K - Codes For Computing
In Unicode the capital K is codepoint U+004B and the lowercase k is U+006B. The ASCII code for capital K is 75 and for lowercase k is 107...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Key Punch: Encyclopedia Ii - Key Punch - Post-ww Ii Ibm Key Punches For 80-column Cards
Key punches made a distinctive "chunk, chunk" sound as characters were punched. Key punch - IBM 024. Basic keypunch with no printing. L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - M: Encyclopedia Ii - M - History
The letter M represents the bilabial nasal consonant sound, IPA [m], in Classical languages as well as the modern languages. It derives i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - K: Encyclopedia Ii - K - Alternative Representations
Kilo represents the letter K in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In international Morse code the letter K is DahDitDah: - · - In Braille the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - L: Encyclopedia Ii - L - Usage
In English, L can have several values, depending on whether it occurs before or after a vowel. The alveolar lateral approximant (IPA [l])...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - J: Encyclopedia Ii - J - History
J was originally a capital of I. Petrus Ramus (d. 1572) was the first to make a distinction between I and J. Originally, both I and J wer...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - F: Encyclopedia Ii - F - History
F developed from the digraph FH that stood for /f/. The Etruscans were the inventors of this digraph; F on its own stood for /w/ in Etrus...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - P: Encyclopedia Ii - P - Phonetic Use
In English and most other European languages, P is a voiceless bilabial plosive (/p/ in the IPA). A common digraph in English is "ph", wh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - S: Encyclopedia Ii - S - Codes For Computing
In Unicode the capital S is codepoint U+0053 and the lowercase s is U+0073. The ASCII code for capital S is 83 and for lowercase s is 115...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - T: Encyclopedia Ii - T - Alternative Representations
Tango represents the letter T in the NATO phonetic alphabet. In international Morse code the letter T is Dah: - In Braille the letter T i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - U: Encyclopedia Ii - U - Alternative Representations
Uniform represents the letter U in the NATO phonetic alphabet, and, alphabetically in English, the last of the vowels. In international M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Extended Ascii: Encyclopedia Ii - Extended Ascii - Proprietary Extensions
Various proprietary extensions appeared on non-EBCDIC mainframe and mini-computers, especially in universities. Commodore microcomputers ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - R: Encyclopedia Ii - R - Miniscule
The miniscule (lower-case) form of r developed through several variations on the capital form. In handwriting it was common not to close ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Year 2000 Problem: Encyclopedia Ii - Year 2000 Problem - The Programming Problem
The underlying programming problem was quite real. In the 1960s, computer memory and storage were scarce and expensive, and most data pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Q: Encyclopedia Ii - Q - Usage
In most modern languages, Q is rather superfluous; in Romance and Germanic languages it appears almost exclusively in the digraph QU. In ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Year 2000 Problem: Encyclopedia Ii - Year 2000 Problem - The Programming Problem
The underlying programming problem was quite real. In the 1960s, computer memory and storage were scarce and expensive, and most data pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - H: Encyclopedia Ii - H - History
The Semitic letter ח (khêt) probably represented the voiceless pharyngeal fricative (IPA /ħ/). The form of the letter probably stood f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - R: Encyclopedia Ii - R - Minuscule
The minuscule (lower-case) form of r developed through several variations on the capital form. In handwriting it was common not to close ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rs-232: Encyclopedia Ii - Rs-232 - Standard Details
In RS-232, data is sent as a time-series of bits. Both synchronous and asynchronous transmissions are supported by the standard. Each cir...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - A: Encyclopedia Ii - A - History
The letter A probably started as a pictogram of an ox head in Egyptian hieroglyphs or the Proto-semitic alphabet. By 1600 BC, the Phoenic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Character Encoding: Encyclopedia Ii - Character Encoding - Character Repertoire
In some contexts, especially computer storage and communication, it makes sense to distinguish a character repertoire (a full set of abst...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - B: Encyclopedia Ii - B - History
The letter B probably started as a pictogram of the floorplan of a house in Egyptian hieroglyphs or the Proto-semitic alphabet. By 1500 B...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Year 2000 Problem: Encyclopedia Ii - Year 2000 Problem - The Programming Problem
The underlying programming problem was quite real. In the 1960s, computer memory and storage were scarce and expensive, and most data pro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uuencode: Encyclopedia Ii - Uuencode - The Encoding Process
Uuencoded data starts with a line of the form: begin <mode> <file> Where <mode> is the file's read/write/execute per...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dvi File Format: Encyclopedia Ii - Dvi File Format - Specification
The DVI format was designed to be compact and easily machine-readable. Toward this end, a DVI file is a sequence of commands which form "...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Code Page: Encyclopedia Ii - Code Page - Microsoft Code Pages
Microsoft defined a number of proprietary code page extensions which were subtly (or grossly) incompatible with those by other vendors: ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Character Encoding: Encyclopedia Ii - Character Encoding - Modern Encoding Model
Unicode and its parallel standard, ISO 10646 Universal Character Set, which together constitute the most modern character encoding, broke...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - C Standard Library: Encyclopedia Ii - C Standard Library - Ansi C Library Header Files
<assert.h>: Contains the assert macro, used to assist with detecting logical errors and other types of bug in debugging versions of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Computer Science: Encyclopedia Ii - String Computer Science - String Datatypes
A string datatype is a datatype modeled on the idea of a formal string. Strings are such an important and useful datatype that they are i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Binary-coded Decimal: Encyclopedia Ii - Binary-coded Decimal - Basics
To BCD-encode a decimal number using the common encoding, each digit is encoded using the four-bit binary bit pattern for each digit. For...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Reference Tables: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Reference Tables - Reference
List of reference tables - Standards. List of standards topics (these could easily be cross-referenced under other relevant categories...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Code Page: Encyclopedia Ii - Code Page - Microsoft Code Pages
Microsoft defined a number of Windows code pages that are proprietary extensions of existing code pages. These extensions are subtly (or ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Binary And Text Files: Encyclopedia Ii - Binary And Text Files - Text Files
Text files (or plain text files) are files where most bytes (or short sequences of bytes) represent ordinary readable characters such as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dd Unix: Encyclopedia Ii - Dd Unix - Usage
dd [options] Dd Unix - operands. if=file  Input File: Read from file instead from standard input. of=file  Output File: Writ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Staroffice: Encyclopedia Ii - Staroffice - Features
The program includes a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation software, drawing tool and database. StarOffice supports the XML file fo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - E: Encyclopedia Ii - E - Usage
Like other Latin vowels, e came in a long and a short variety . In modern English, the long variety is sounded as in see and the short as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - F: Encyclopedia Ii - F - History
F developed from the digraph FH that stood for /f/. The Etruscans were the inventors of this digraph; F on its own stood for /w/ in Etrus...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Binary-coded Decimal: Encyclopedia Ii - Binary-coded Decimal - Basics
To BCD-encode a decimal number such as 127 using the common encoding, each digit is encoded using the four-bit binary bit pattern for eac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - String Computer Science: Encyclopedia Ii - String Computer Science - String Datatypes
A string datatype is a datatype modeled on the idea of a formal string. Strings are such an important and useful datatype that they are i...   » Read the article