Eamon de Valera

On the island of Ireland, most people consider themselves to be descended from a mixture of three broad groups: the nameless, prehistoric indigenous people(s) of the isles; the successive waves from continental Europe who arrived in the centuries BC, and subsequent groups (Vikings, Normans, English and Lowland Scots) who either invaded or settled Ireland from the Middle Ages onwards. The names the ancient peoples of Ireland (creators of the Ceide Fields and Newgrange) used for themselves are not known, nor are their language(s). As la ...

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Irish people, Irish people - Descent, Irish people - Surnames, Irish people - Personal Names forenames, Irish people - Recent history, Irish people - Irish diaspora, Irish people - Notable Irish people selection

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Because Lynch was elected as somewhat of a "compromise candidate" it appeared to many that he would only remain as an interim Taoiseach. This thought couldn't be further from his mind, and he outlined this intentions shortly after coming to power. Lynch took particular exception to the title "Interim Taoiseach" or "Reluctant Taoiseach". He had no intention of stepping aside after a few years in favour of one of the other candidates who had been unsuccessful against him in 1966. He was however reluctant in naming his first Cabinet. He believe ...

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Jack Lynch, Jack Lynch - Early and Private Life, Jack Lynch - Sporting Career, Jack Lynch - Political Life, Jack Lynch - Early Career, Jack Lynch - Minister for Industry & Commerce, Jack Lynch - Minister for Finance, Jack Lynch - Lemass Resignation, Jack Lynch - Taoiseach 1966-1973, Jack Lynch - PR Referendum, Jack Lynch - Northern Ireland, Jack Lynch - Arms Crisis, Jack Lynch - EEC Membership, Jack Lynch - Opposition 1973-1977, Jack Lynch - Taoiseach 1977-1979, Jack Lynch - The Economy, Jack Lynch - Party Discipline, Jack Lynch - Lynch's Resignation, Jack Lynch - Retirement, Jack Lynch - First Cabinet November 1966-July 1969, Jack Lynch - Changes, Jack Lynch - Second Cabinet July 1969-March 1973, Jack Lynch - Changes, Jack Lynch - Third Cabinet July 1977-December 1979, Jack Lynch - Changes, Jack Lynch - See Also, Jack Lynch - Political Career

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The Church of Ireland claims that its origins go back to the ancient Celtic Church in Ireland, which was founded at Paris by disciples of St. Phillip c. AD 108 and expanded into Britain and Ireland shortly thereafter, however these claims are not left undisputed as the Catholic Church in Ireland has a longer history. Originally a form of Christianised Druidism, Saint Patrick was instrumental in the formal re-organisation of the Celtic Church two centuries later. A monastically-centred institution, the unique calendar and usages of the Celtic ...

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Church of Ireland, Church of Ireland - History, Church of Ireland - The Church of Ireland today, Church of Ireland - Irish Anglicans

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By the time the general election was called in 1973, Fianna Fáil had been in power for almost sixteen consecutive years. During that period the party had seen three different leaders, Eamon de Valera, Seán F. Lemass and the current leader of the party, Jack Lynch. As a result of this, much of the electorate believed it was time for a change of government. Lynch had hoped to dissolve the Dáil in December of 1972, however events conspired against him and ...

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Irish general election 1973, Irish general election 1973 - Campaign, Irish general election 1973 - Results, Irish general election 1973 - First Time TDs, Irish general election 1973 - Retiring TDs

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Irish nationalism - Roots. Ireland has been subject to varying degrees of rule from England since the late 12th century. (See Norman Ireland). The Gaelic Irish resisted this conquest through military and other means, but were organised in small independent lordships and did not have a common political goal such as an independent Irish state. Conflict over the English presence was exacerbated by the Protestant Reformation in England, which introduced a religious element to the Tudor re-conquest of Ireland. Another central feature of future Anglo-Irish conflict was the continuing dispossession of Irish Catho ...

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Irish nationalism, Irish nationalism - History, Irish nationalism - Roots, Irish nationalism - Early Nationalism - Grattan to O'Connell, Irish nationalism - Home Rule and Catholic Nationalism, Irish nationalism - Cultural Nationalism, Irish nationalism - Militant Separatism and Irish Independence, Irish nationalism - The Free State, Irish nationalism - Northern Ireland, Irish nationalism - Present, Irish nationalism - Ideology of Irish Nationalism, Irish nationalism - Irish nationalist organisations

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The general election of 1961 saw the three main parties being led by three new leaders. Seán F. Lemass had taken charge of Fianna Fáil in 1959. It was also the first time Fianna Fáil faced a general election campaign without Eamon de Valera. James Dillon took over at Fine Gael in 1959 also, while the Labour Party was now under the stewardship of Brendan Corish. While the election was caused by the "crisis" surrounding Ireland's application for membership of the European Economic Community and various other international affairs, li ...

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Irish general election 1961, Irish general election 1961 - Campaign, Irish general election 1961 - Result, Irish general election 1961 - First time TDs, Irish general election 1961 - Retiring TDs, Irish general election 1961 - Footnote

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The general election of 1948 caused by a desire by the Taoiseach, Eamon de Valera, to catch the new party, Clann na Poblachta, by surprise, thus limiting its vote. The tactic succeeded, however, a number of other issues were raised on the campaign that the parties didn't foresee. Fianna Fáil had enjoyed an uninterrupted sixteen years of dominance in government. Many people believed that the party had become stale and there was a strong desire for a fresh change. In spite of the fact that World War II had ended three years earlier, ra ...

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Irish general election 1948, Irish general election 1948 - Campaign, Irish general election 1948 - Result, Irish general election 1948 - Formation of the Coalition, Irish general election 1948 - First time TDs, Irish general election 1948 - Retiring TDs

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While the rebuilding by the Wide Streets Commission fundamentally changed the streetscape in Dublin, a property boom led to additional building outside the central core. Unlike twentieth century building booms in Dublin (which by general agreement were disastrously mismanaged) the eighteenth century developments were carefully controlled. The developing areas were divided into precincts, each of which was given to a different developer. The scope of their developments were restricted, however, with strict controls imposed on style of residential building, design of buildings and location, s ...

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Georgian Dublin, Georgian Dublin - Dublin's Development, Georgian Dublin - Rebuilding Dublin's Core, Georgian Dublin - 18th Century Property Developers, Georgian Dublin - The Act of Union and Georgian Dublin, Georgian Dublin - Georgian Dublin today

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The IRA leadership was deeply divided over the decision by the Dáil to ratify the Treaty. Of the General Headquarters (GHQ) staff, nine members were in favour of the Treaty while four opposed it. Pro-Treaty were Richard Mulcahy (Chief of Staff); Eoin O'Duffy (Deputy Chief of Staff); J.J. O'Connell (Assistant Chief of Staff); Gearóid O'Sullivan (Adjutant General); Sean McMahon (Quartermaster General); Michael Collins (Director of Intelligence); Diarmuid O'Hegarty (Director of Organisation); Emmet Dalton (Director of Training); ...

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Irish Republican Army, Irish Republican Army - Origins, Irish Republican Army - Political background, Irish Republican Army - Easter Rising, Irish Republican Army - The emergence of the IRA after the Easter Rising, Irish Republican Army - Dáil Éireann, Irish Republican Army - The battle for control of the IRA, Irish Republican Army - The Oath to the Irish Republic, Irish Republican Army - The full scale war, Irish Republican Army - The King's Speech, Irish Republican Army - The Anglo-Irish Treaty, Irish Republican Army - The IRA and the Treaty, Irish Republican Army - Footnotes, Irish Republican Army - Sources

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Garret FitzGerald was born in Dublin in 1926 into a very politically active family. His father was the London-born and reared Desmond FitzGerald, the Minister for External Affairs at the time of his son's birth. Fitzgerald senior had been active in Sinn Féin during the Anglo-Irish War, and had been one of the founders of Cumann na nGaedhael, the party formed to support the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921, which created the Irish Free State. Though a senior figure on the 'pro-treaty' side of Ireland's political divide, Desmond FitzGerald had rema ...

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Garret FitzGerald, Garret FitzGerald - Early life, Garret FitzGerald - Early political life, Garret FitzGerald - Minister for Foreign Affairs, Garret FitzGerald - Leader of Fine Gael, Garret FitzGerald - Taoiseach 1981-1982, Garret FitzGerald - Taoiseach 1982-1987, Garret FitzGerald - Constitutional reform, Garret FitzGerald - Northern Ireland, Garret FitzGerald - Post-Taoiseach period, Garret FitzGerald - Assessment, Garret FitzGerald - FitzGerald's first government June 1981-March 1982, Garret FitzGerald - Changes, Garret FitzGerald - FitzGerald's Second Government December 1982-March 1987, Garret FitzGerald - Changes

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The Irish Republic was unilaterally declared by the First Dáil in January 1919. It ceased to exist with the coming into being of the Irish Free State in 1922. Office name: Príomh Áire/President of Dáil Éireann Cathal Brugha (January-April 1919) Eamon de Valera (April 1919 - August 1921) In August 1921, the Dáil Constitution was amended to replace the previous office by a new head of stat ...

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List of Prime Ministers of Ireland, List of Prime Ministers of Ireland - The Irish Republic, List of Prime Ministers of Ireland - Southern Ireland, List of Prime Ministers of Ireland - Irish Free State, List of Prime Ministers of Ireland - Éire known as the Republic of Ireland after 1949, List of Prime Ministers of Ireland - Notes

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Data as-of Nov 2005 List of Irish politicians - Oldest living former office-holders. Kit Ahern, former TD (born 1915) Conor Cruise O'Brien, former Minister (born 1917) Pádraig Faulkner, former Minister (born 1918) Liam Cosgrave, former Taoiseach (born 1920) James Dooge, former Senator/Minister (born 1922) Patrick Hillery, former President (born 1923)

Main article: 1918 general election in Ireland In 1918 the whole of Ireland was a part of the United Kingdom and was represented in the British Parliament by 105 MPs. From 1882–1918 most Irish MPs were members of the Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) which favoured limited home rule for Ireland, achieved by a peaceful campaign for reform. This tactic managed to get a home rule law on the statute book but the implementation of this law was shelved with the outbreak of the First World War. In the mean ...

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First Dáil, First Dáil - General election of 1918, First Dáil - Mansion House meeting, First Dáil - Anglo-Irish War, First Dáil - Legacy, First Dáil - Prominent members, First Dáil - Footnotes, First Dáil - External link

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World War II was primarily fought between two large alliances. The Axis Powers were a group of countries led by Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan, and are considered the aggressors of the conflict. The Allies, led by the United Kingdom and, until its defeat, France, were joined in the European theatre by the Soviet Union in June 1941 and by the United States in December 1941. In the Asia-Pacific theatre, the Allies were led by China from the invasion of China by Japan in 1937 and then joined by the United States in 1941 after the Pearl Harbor attack. ...

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Participants in World War II, Participants in World War II - Alliances, Participants in World War II - The Axis, Participants in World War II - The Allies, Participants in World War II - National impacts, Participants in World War II - Afghanistan, Participants in World War II - Albania, Participants in World War II - Andorra, Participants in World War II - Argentina, Participants in World War II - Australia, Participants in World War II - Austria, Participants in World War II - Bahrain, Participants in World War II - Belgium, Participants in World War II - Bolivia, Participants in World War II - Brazil, Participants in World War II - Bulgaria, Participants in World War II - Canada, Participants in World War II - Ceylon, Participants in World War II - China, Participants in World War II - Colombia, Participants in World War II - Costa Rica, Participants in World War II - Cuba, Participants in World War II - Czechoslovakia, Participants in World War II - Denmark, Participants in World War II - Dominican Republic, Participants in World War II - Ecuador, Participants in World War II - Egypt, Participants in World War II - El Salvador, Participants in World War II - Estonia, Participants in World War II - Ethiopia, Participants in World War II - Fiji, Participants in World War II - Finland, Participants in World War II - France, Participants in World War II - Germany, Participants in World War II - Greece, Participants in World War II - Guatemala, Participants in World War II - Haiti, Participants in World War II - Honduras, Participants in World War II - Hong Kong, Participants in World War II - Hungary, Participants in World War II - India, Participants in World War II - Indonesia, Participants in World War II - Iran, Participants in World War II - Iraq, Participants in World War II - Ireland, Participants in World War II - Italy, Participants in World War II - Japan, Participants in World War II - Latvia, Participants in World War II - Lebanon, Participants in World War II - Liberia, Participants in World War II - Liechtenstein, Participants in World War II - Lithuania, Participants in World War II - Luxembourg, Participants in World War II - Malaya, Participants in World War II - Malta, Participants in World War II - Manchukuo, Participants in World War II - Mexico, Participants in World War II - Monaco, Participants in World War II - Mongolia, Participants in World War II - Morocco, Participants in World War II - Nepal, Participants in World War II - Netherlands, Participants in World War II - New Zealand, Participants in World War II - Nicaragua, Participants in World War II - Norway, Participants in World War II - Oman, Participants in World War II - Panama, Participants in World War II - Paraguay, Participants in World War II - Peru, Participants in World War II - Philippines, Participants in World War II - Poland, Participants in World War II - Portugal, Participants in World War II - Romania, Participants in World War II - San Marino, Participants in World War II - Saudi Arabia, Participants in World War II - Singapore, Participants in World War II - South Africa, Participants in World War II - Soviet Union, Participants in World War II - Spain, Participants in World War II - Sweden, Participants in World War II - Switzerland, Participants in World War II - Syria, Participants in World War II - Tannu Tuva, Participants in World War II - Thailand, Participants in World War II - Tonga, Participants in World War II - Transjordan, Participants in World War II - Turkey, Participants in World War II - United Kingdom, Participants in World War II - United States of America, Participants in World War II - Uruguay, Participants in World War II - Venezuela, Participants in World War II - Vichy France, Participants in World War II - Yugoslavia

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The following were born in New York City. Some became famous after they moved away. List of famous New Yorkers - A. Aaliyah - singer Kareem Abdul-Jabbar - basketball player Bella Abzug - feminist activist and politician Christina Aguilera - singer Marv Albert - sports announcer Danny Aiello - actor Woody Allen - film director Alexander Anderson - illustrator Carmelo Anthony - basketball player Kenneth J. Arrow - economis ...

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List of famous New Yorkers, List of famous New Yorkers - Native New Yorkers, List of famous New Yorkers - A, List of famous New Yorkers - B, List of famous New Yorkers - C, List of famous New Yorkers - D, List of famous New Yorkers - E, List of famous New Yorkers - F, List of famous New Yorkers - G, List of famous New Yorkers - H, List of famous New Yorkers - I, List of famous New Yorkers - J, List of famous New Yorkers - K, List of famous New Yorkers - L, List of famous New Yorkers - M, List of famous New Yorkers - N, List of famous New Yorkers - O, List of famous New Yorkers - P, List of famous New Yorkers - R, List of famous New Yorkers - S, List of famous New Yorkers - T, List of famous New Yorkers - V, List of famous New Yorkers - W, List of famous New Yorkers - Other New Yorkers

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Main list of visual artists: List of Irish artists List of Irish people - Architecture. Eileen Gray James Hoban, designer of White House Kevin Roche Sam Stephenson Edward Lovett Pearce List of Irish people - Actors. Patrick Bergin Pierce Brosnan, Navan-born James Bond Gabriel Byrne Cyril Cusack, born in South Africa Niamh Cusack Sorcha Cusack Daniel Day-Lew ...

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List of Irish people, List of Irish people - Art, List of Irish people - Architecture, List of Irish people - Actors, List of Irish people - Music, List of Irish people - Dance, List of Irish people - Writing, List of Irish people - Business, List of Irish people - Politics, List of Irish people - Science Education and Technology, List of Irish people - Sport, List of Irish people - Other, List of Irish people - Notable Irish people selection, List of Irish people - Notable people of Irish descent

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The general weaknesses of the League are illustrated by its specific failures. League of Nations - Cieszyn. Cieszyn (German Teschen, Czech Těšín) is a region between Poland and today's Czech Republic, important for its coal mines. Czechoslovakian troops fought moved to Cieszyn in 1919 to take over control of the region while Poland was defending itself from invasion of Bolshevik Russia. The League intervened, deciding that Poland should take control of most of the town, but that Czechoslovakia should ta ...

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League of Nations, League of Nations - Origins, League of Nations - Symbols, League of Nations - Languages, League of Nations - Structure, League of Nations - Secretariat, League of Nations - Council, League of Nations - Assembly, League of Nations - Other bodies, League of Nations - Mandates, League of Nations - Successes, League of Nations - Åland Islands, League of Nations - Albania, League of Nations - Upper Silesia, League of Nations - Memel, League of Nations - Greece and Bulgaria, League of Nations - Saar, League of Nations - Mosul, League of Nations - Other successes, League of Nations - General weaknesses, League of Nations - Specific failures, League of Nations - Cieszyn, League of Nations - Vilna, League of Nations - Ruhr, League of Nations - Corfu, League of Nations - Manchuria Crisis, League of Nations - Chaco War, League of Nations - Spanish Civil War, League of Nations - Italian invasion of Abyssinia, League of Nations - Axis re-armament, League of Nations - Demise and Legacy

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In spite of having faced some controversial issues during its term of office, the ruling Fine Gael-Labour coalition looked set to defy political history by winning a second term. This belief was further augmented following the so-called "Tullymander" of parliamentary constituencies. This refers to the Minister for Local Government, James Tully, and his scheme of redrawing every constituency in the country in an effort to maximise the vote for the coalition partners. For instance in Dublin there were thirteen three-seat constituencies. It was ...

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Irish general election 1977, Irish general election 1977 - Campaign, Irish general election 1977 - Results, Irish general election 1977 - First time TDs, Irish general election 1977 - Retiring TDs

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Kennedy was sworn in as the 35th President on January 20, 1961. In his inaugural address he spoke of the need for all Americans to be active citizens. "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country", he said. He also asked the nations of the world to join together to fight what he called the "common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself." [8] ...

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John F. Kennedy, John F. Kennedy - Early life and education, John F. Kennedy - Military service, John F. Kennedy - Early political career, John F. Kennedy - McCarthy's support from the Kennedy family, John F. Kennedy - Senator 1953-60, John F. Kennedy - 1960 presidential election, John F. Kennedy - Presidency, John F. Kennedy - Foreign policies, John F. Kennedy - Domestic policies, John F. Kennedy - Support of space programs, John F. Kennedy - Cabinet, John F. Kennedy - Supreme Court appointments, John F. Kennedy - Image social life and family, John F. Kennedy - Assassination and aftermath, John F. Kennedy - Legacy and memorials, John F. Kennedy - Criticism, John F. Kennedy - Media

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The line waiting to view the flag-draped casket was stopped at 08:25 EST (13:25 UTC) because a large group of people, many waiting for 5 hours, tried to crash the line. About 10,000 people who were in line were told that they would not be allowed into the rotunda. About a half hour later, at 09:00, the doors to the Capitol closed, ending the lying in state. A million people lined the route of the funeral procession, from the Capitol back to the White House, then to St. Matthew's Cathedral, and finally to Arlington National Cemetery. M ...

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State funeral of John F. Kennedy, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Preparations for the funeral, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - White House Repose, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Lying in state, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Public Viewing, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Arrival of Dignitaries, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Funeral, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Procession to Cathedral, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Funeral service, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Burial, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Aftermath, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Life of Jackie Kennedy afterwards, State funeral of John F. Kennedy - Reference

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Aiken became a source of controversy in mid 1932 when he, along with Vice President of the Executive Council Sean T. O'Kelly publically snubbed the Governor-General of the Irish Free State James McNeill, by staging a public walkout at a function in the French legation in Dublin. McNeill privately wrote to Eamon de Valera, the President of the Executive Council, to complain at what media reports called the "boorishness" of Aiken and O'Kelly's behaviour. While agreeing that the situation was "regrettable" de Valera, instead of chastising the m ...

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Frank Aiken, Frank Aiken - Irish Republican Army involvement, Frank Aiken - Founder of Fianna Fáil & government minister, Frank Aiken - Clash with the Governor-General, Frank Aiken - Widely praised Minister for External Affairs, Frank Aiken - Quit politics over Charles Haughey, Frank Aiken - Refused presidency of Ireland, Frank Aiken - Clash with Ernest Blythe, Frank Aiken - Honours Death, Frank Aiken - Political Career, Frank Aiken - Footnotes

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Since Fine Gael was the largest party in the government it had the task of providing a suitable candidate for Taoiseach. Naturally it was assumed that its leader, Richard Mulcahy, would be offered the post, however, he was an unacceptable choice to Clann na Poblachta and its deeply republican leader, Seán MacBride. This was due to Mulchay's record during the Civil War. Instead, Mulcahy unselfishly stepped aside and allowed Costello to become Taoiseach. Costello, who had never held a ministerial position and who hadn't sought the leadership was now the leader of a complex government. Mu ...

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John A. Costello, John A. Costello - Early Life, John A. Costello - Taoiseach 1948-1951, John A. Costello - Declaration of the Republic, John A. Costello - Mother & Child Scheme, John A. Costello - Coalition Achievements, John A. Costello - Election Defeat, John A. Costello - Taoiseach 1954-1957, John A. Costello - Retirement, John A. Costello - First Government February 1948 - June 1951, John A. Costello - Changes, John A. Costello - Second Government June 1954 - March 1957, John A. Costello - Political Career, John A. Costello - See Also

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