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In music, the BACH motif is the sequence of notes B flat, A, C, B natural. This four-note motif has been used by a number of composers, usually as a homage to Johann Sebastian Bach. The first known example, however, is in a piece by Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck—it is possible, though not certain, that he used it in homage to one of Johann Sebastian's ancestors, many of whom were themselves musicians. The possibility of being able to spell the surname Bach in this way comes about because in German B indicates what in English is called B flat, while H indi ...

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• BACH motif - Works featuring the mofif
• BACH motif - Other signature motifs

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Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life. Born in St. Petersburg, Russia, Shostakovich was a child prodigy as both a pianist and composer. His family was politically liberal and tolerant (one of his uncles was a Bolshevik, but the family also sheltered far-right extremists). In 1918, he wrote a funeral march in memory of two leaders of the Kadet party, murdered by Bolshevik sailors. In 1919, he was allowed to enter the Petrograd Conservatory, then headed by Alexander Glazunov. However, he suffered for his perceived lack ...

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Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Life

Works which prominently feature the BACH motif include, in chronological order: 1845 - Robert Schumann: Six Fugues for organ, pedal piano or harmonium, Op. 60 1855 - Franz Liszt: Fantasie und Fuge über das Thema B-A-C-H, for organ (later arranged for piano) 1878 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Variations on BACH, for piano 1900 - Max Reger: Fantasia and Fugue on B-A-C-H for organ 1910 - Ferruccio Busoni: Fantasia contrappuntistica for piano (first version; later version ...

See also:

BACH motif, BACH motif - Works featuring the mofif, BACH motif - Other signature motifs

Read more here: » BACH motif: Encyclopedia II - BACH motif - Works featuring the mofif

Originally a slow Italian or Spanish dance in 3/4 time, the passacaglia later came to be an instrumental work in 3/4 based on a ground (that is, a melody which repeats unchangingly throughout while other lines are freely varied). The passacaglia is very closely related to the chaconne, except that in the chaconne, the repeating melody is always in the bass (that is, it is a ground bass). Today, the term passacaglia is often used to denote a piece (not even necessarily in 3/4 time) which has a fixed bass line (ground bass) or ch ...

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Passacaglia, Passacaglia - Origins and features, Passacaglia - Well-known themes, Passacaglia - Modern examples

Read more here: » Passacaglia: Encyclopedia II - Passacaglia - Origins and features

A number of passacaglia themes became well known enough to merit their own names. Many Baroque composers wrote variations on La Follia, also known as la folia and la folie d'Espagne (the folly of Spain) a chord progression apparently based on a Spanish folk melody. Composers from Jean-Baptiste Lully and Arcangelo Corelli to Sergei Rachmaninoff and Vangelis (in his film score to the motion picture 1492: Conquest of Paradise) have used the La Follia theme, although not always composing a passacaglia based on ...

See also:

Passacaglia, Passacaglia - Origins and features, Passacaglia - Well-known themes, Passacaglia - Modern examples

Read more here: » Passacaglia: Encyclopedia II - Passacaglia - Well-known themes

For a complete list, see List of compositions by Dmitri Shostakovich (by Opus number). See also: Category:Compositions by Dmitri Shostakovich (thematical selection of works by Shostakovich). Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. listen ▶ (help·info) In some of his later works (e.g. th ...

See also:

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Works

Shostakovich was in many ways an obsessive man: according to his daughter he was "obsessed with cleanliness"[26]; he synchronised the clocks in his apartment; he regularly sent cards to himself to test how well the postal service was working. Wilson's Shostakovich: A Life Remembered indexes 26 references to his nervousness. Even as a young man, Mikhail Druskin remembers that the composer was "fragile and nervously agile".[27] Yuri Lyubimov comments tha ...

See also:

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Character

For a complete list, see List of compositions by Dmitri Shostakovich (by Opus number). See also: Category:Compositions by Dmitri Shostakovich (thematical selection of works by Shostakovich). Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. listen (help·info) In some of his later works (e.g. th ...

See also:

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Works

For a complete list, see List of compositions by Dmitri Shostakovich (by Opus number). See also: Category:Compositions by Dmitri Shostakovich (thematical selection of works by Shostakovich). Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism. listen ▶ (help·info) In some of his later works (e.g. the Twelfth Quartet), he made use of tone rows. His output is dominated by his ...

See also:

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Works

Shostakovich was in many ways an obsessive man: according to his daughter he was "obsessed with cleanliness"[24]; he synchronised the clocks in his apartment; he regularly sent cards to himself to test how well the postal service was working. Wilson's Shostakovich: A Life Remembered indexes 26 references to his nervousness. Even as a young man, Mikhail Druskin remembers that the composer was "fragile and nervously agile".^{See also:}

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Character

Shostakovich's response to official criticism is disputed. It is clear that outwardly he conformed with the state, reading speeches and putting his name to articles expressing the government line. It is also generally agreed that he disliked the regime, a view confirmed by his family, his letters to Isaak Glikman, and the satirical cantata "Rayok", which ridiculed the "anti-formalist" campaign and was kept hidden until after his death. What is uncertain is the extent to which Shostakovich expressed his opposition to the state in his o ...

See also:

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism

Shostakovich was in many ways an obsessive man: according to his daughter he was "obsessed with cleanliness"[27]; he synchronised the clocks in his apartment; he regularly sent cards to himself to test how well the postal service was working. Wilson's Shostakovich: A Life Remembered indexes 26 references to his nervousness. Even as a young man, Mikhail Druskin remembers that the composer was "fragile and nervously agile".[28] Yuri Lyubimov comments tha ...

See also:

Dmitri Shostakovich, Dmitri Shostakovich - Life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Early life, Dmitri Shostakovich - First denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - War, Dmitri Shostakovich - Second denunciation, Dmitri Shostakovich - Joining the Party, Dmitri Shostakovich - Later life, Dmitri Shostakovich - Works, Dmitri Shostakovich - Character, Dmitri Shostakovich - Orthodoxy and revisionism, Dmitri Shostakovich - Notes, Dmitri Shostakovich - Media

Read more here: » Dmitri Shostakovich: Encyclopedia II - Dmitri Shostakovich - Character