Main article: History of psychology The late 19th century marks the start of psychology as a scientific enterprise. The year 1879 is commonly seen as the start of psychology as an independent field of study, because in that year German scientist Wilhelm Wundt founded the first laboratory dedicated exclusively to psychological research in Leipzig, Germany. Other important early contributors to the field include Hermann Ebbinghaus (a pioneer in studies on memory), the Russian Ivan Pavlov (who discovered the learning process of cl ...

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Psychology, Psychology - History, Psychology - Principles of psychology, Psychology - Mind and brain, Psychology - Schools of thought, Psychology - Scope of psychology, Psychology - Biological basis: the brain, Psychology - Information processing: the mind, Psychology - Change over time: development, Psychology - Interaction with others, Psychology - Study of animals in psychology, Psychology - Mental health, Psychology - Applied psychology, Psychology - Research methods, Psychology - Controlled experiments, Psychology - Correlational studies, Psychology - Longitudinal studies, Psychology - Neuropsychological methods, Psychology - Computational modeling, Psychology - Criticisms of psychology

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The Galactic Empire was born out of the old Galactic Republic. However, the seeds of change were planted during the Clone Wars, the epic war between the Republic and the Confederacy of Independent Systems. When the extent of the Separatist threat became clear, the Galactic Senate, the legislature of the Republic, granted Chancellor Palpatine emergency powers to deal with the Separatist threat. This conflict allowed Palpatine to remain in office well past the limits set forth by the Galactic Constitution. The newly titled Supreme Chancellor Palpatine promised to step down and ret ...

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Galactic Empire Star Wars, Galactic Empire Star Wars - Origins of the Empire, Galactic Empire Star Wars - Organization of Power, Galactic Empire Star Wars - Resistance to Imperial Rule, Galactic Empire Star Wars - The Empire and xenophobic racism, Galactic Empire Star Wars - The Post-Endor Empire, Galactic Empire Star Wars - Imperial Leaders

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Mathematicians have for perhaps a century or more used the word canonical to refer to concepts that have a kind of uniqueness or naturalness, and are (up to trivial aspects) "independent of coordinates." Examples include the canonical prime factorization of positive integers, the Jordan canonical form of matrices (which is built out of the irreducible factors of the characteristic polynomial of the matrix), and the canonical decomposition of a permutation into a product of disjoint cycles. Various functions in mathematics are also can ...

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Canonical, Canonical - Religion, Canonical - Literature and art, Canonical - Mathematics, Canonical - Computer science, Canonical - Physics

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Participating in the NCAA's Division III Independent intercollegiate play, Chapman University's athletic program consists of 18 intercollegiate teams, and 3 club sports. The men's intercollegiate program competes in baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis, and water polo. The women's program competes in basketball, crew, cross country, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball, and water polo. Chapman's baseball, tennis, and softball teams have combined for 6 NCAA national championships. ...

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Chapman University, Chapman University - Colleges and programs, Chapman University - School athletics, Chapman University - Club sports, Chapman University - Notable Chapman University alumni

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It was originally just a family service but was later established as a new church by Ming-Dao Wang (王明道) at Beijing in 1937. The Chinese Church in Christ (CCiC) was founded without the help of any foreign missionary so it was essentially Chinese Christians preaching to Chinese people. They also self administer and are self efficient economically. Ming-Dao Wang was especially tight on church entry. During the sixteen years from 1933-1949 only 570 believers received baptism sinc ...

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Chinese Independent Churches, Chinese Independent Churches - 1. Gospel of Grace Church 福音堂, Chinese Independent Churches - 2. The True Jesus Church 真耶穌教會, Chinese Independent Churches - 3. The Church Assembly Hall 聚會所, Chinese Independent Churches - 4. The Chinese Christian Church 中華基督教會, Chinese Independent Churches - 5. The Jesus Family 耶穌家庭, Chinese Independent Churches - 6. The Chinese Church in Christ 基督徒會堂, Chinese Independent Churches - Summary

Read more here: » Chinese Independent Churches: Encyclopedia II - Chinese Independent Churches - 6. The Chinese Church in Christ 基督徒會堂

The Government of Armenia's stated aim is to build a Western-style parliamentary democracy as the basis of its form of government. However, international observers have questioned the fairness of Armenia's parliamentary and presidential elections and constitutional referenda since 1995, citing polling deficiencies, lack of cooperation by the electoral commission, and poor maintenance of electoral lists and polling places. For the most part however, Armeni ...

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Armenia, Armenia - Origin of the name, Armenia - History, Armenia - Politics, Armenia - Administrative Provinces, Armenia - Geography, Armenia - Economy, Armenia - Demographics, Armenia - Culture, Armenia - Miscellaneous topics

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The Jesus Family or the Family of Jesus is more unique type of the independent churches in China. Founded and established in Shandong by Jing Dianying (敬奠瀛) [1] near Mazhuang , they are located mostly in rural areas. At that time , their main message was, “Leave your old family and enter the new family”. What they meant was that converts were to break away Leave your old family and your old world, enter the new family and new world from their original family system and enter the new ‘Family of Jesus’. The new converts we ...

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Chinese Independent Churches, Chinese Independent Churches - 1. Gospel of Grace Church 福音堂, Chinese Independent Churches - 2. The True Jesus Church 真耶穌教會, Chinese Independent Churches - 3. The Church Assembly Hall 聚會所, Chinese Independent Churches - 4. The Chinese Christian Church 中華基督教會, Chinese Independent Churches - 5. The Jesus Family 耶穌家庭, Chinese Independent Churches - 6. The Chinese Church in Christ 基督徒會堂, Chinese Independent Churches - Summary

Read more here: » Chinese Independent Churches: Encyclopedia II - Chinese Independent Churches - 5. The Jesus Family 耶穌家庭

The Dirac equation is a relativistic extension of the Schrödinger equation, which describes the time-evolution of a quantum mechanical system: For convenience, we will work in the position basis, in which the state of the system is represented by a wavefunction, ψ(x,t). In this basis, the Schrödinger equation becomes where the Hamiltonian H now den ...

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Dirac equation, Dirac equation - Derivation of the Dirac equation, Dirac equation - Nature of the wavefunction, Dirac equation - Energy spectrum, Dirac equation - Hole theory, Dirac equation - Electromagnetic interaction, Dirac equation - Interaction Hamiltonian, Dirac equation - Relativistically covariant notation

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The Chaos Computer Club (CCC) is one of the biggest and most influental hacker organisations. The CCC is based in Germany and other German-speaking countries and currently has about 1,500 members. The CCC poetically describes itself as "a galactic community of life's beings, independent of age, sex, race or societal orientation, which strives across borders for freedom of information…." In general, the CCC struggles for more transparency in governments, freedom of information and a human right to communication. Supporting the ...

Including:

• Chaos Computer Club - History
• Chaos Computer Club - Events
• Chaos Computer Club - Publications
• Chaos Computer Club - Members

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Baptist churches do not have a central governing authority, resulting in a wide range of beliefs from one Baptist church to another. (In fact, many Baptists believe that it is wrong to have a central governing authority - see below). Baptist distinctives are beliefs that are common among Baptist churches, some of which are also shared with many other post-reformational denominations. Some historically significant Baptist doctrinal documents include the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, the 1833 New Hampshire Baptist Confession of Fait ...

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Baptist, Baptist - Beliefs, Baptist - Baptist distinctives acrostic, Baptist - Biblical authority, Baptist - Autonomy of the local church Congregationalism, Baptist - Priesthood of all believers, Baptist - Two ordinances Baptism and Communion, Baptist - Individual soul liberty, Baptist - Separation of church and state, Baptist - Two offices Pastor and Deacon, Baptist - Justification by faith, Baptist - Beliefs that vary among Baptists, Baptist - Comparisons with other denominations, Baptist - Worship style, Baptist - Origins, Baptist - Landmarkist, Baptist - Anabaptist, Baptist - Separatist, Baptist - The name Baptist, Baptist - Questions of labeling, Baptist - Other resources

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In the UK and Australia, fish and chips usually sell through independent restaurants and take-aways, colloquially known as chippies or as chip shops in the UK1, or as fish-and-chips shops in Australia and New Zealand. Occasionally, in these two countries, stores use the term "Fish and Chippery". Outlets range from small affairs to the likes of the famed Doyles at Watsons Bay in Sydney. Fish-and-chip outlets sell roughly 25% of all the w ...

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Fish and chips, Fish and chips - History, Fish and chips - Folkways, Fish and chips - Choice of fish, Fish and chips - Accompaniments, Fish and chips - Fish and chip shops, Fish and chips - Other dishes, Fish and chips - Footnote

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Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni ...

Including:

• Alawite - History
• Alawite - Religion
• Alawite - Population

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The Perennial Philosophy (Latin philosophia perennis) is the idea that a universal set of truths common to all people and cultures exists. The term was first used by the German mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Leibniz to designate the common, eternal philosophy that underlies all religious movements, in particular the mystical streams within them. The term was later popularized by Aldous Huxley in his 1945 book The Perennial Philosophy. The term "perennial philosophy" has also been used to translate the concept of the "e ...

Including:

• Perennial Philosophy - Main Principles
• Perennial Philosophy - General philosophy topics
• Perennial Philosophy - General philosophy lists
• Perennial Philosophy - Books and Resources

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When Sharon joined Begin's government he had relatively little political experience. He avoided Begin's Herut party in the 1940s and 1950s and seemed to be personally devoted to the ideals of Mapai, and then Labor. However, after retiring from military service, Sharon was instrumental in establishing the Likud in July 1973. The Likud was comprised of Herut, the Liberal Party and independent elements. Sharon became chairman of the campaign staff for the elections which were scheduled for November 1973. But two and a half weeks after the start ...

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Ariel Sharon, Ariel Sharon - Early life, Ariel Sharon - Mitla incident, Ariel Sharon - Six-Day War and Yom Kippur War, Ariel Sharon - Sabra and Shatila massacre, Ariel Sharon - Political career, Ariel Sharon - Gaza evacuation, Ariel Sharon - Founding of Kadima, Ariel Sharon - Health problems

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The Act of Union of 1800 formally assimilated Ireland within the British political process, and created a new country "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" with effect from 1 January 1801, uniting England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland. Since then England has not existed as an independent political entity, but as a region it has remained highly dominant in the United Kingdom. The majority of the political and econom ...

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History of England, History of England - England before the English, History of England - The Anglo-Saxon Conquest of Celtic Britain, History of England - England during the Middle Ages, History of England - Tudor England, History of England - Religious Conflict and the Civil War, History of England - The Industrial Revolution, History of England - Recent history

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.BMP or .DIB (device-independent bitmap) is a bitmapped graphics format used internally by the Microsoft Windows graphics subsystem (GDI), and used commonly as a simple graphics file format on that platform. Images are generally stored with a color depth of 2 (1-bit), 16 (4-bit), 256 (8-bit), 65,536 (16-bit), or 16.7 million (24-bit). 8-bit images can also be greyscale instead of indexed color. An alpha channel (for transparency) may be stored in a separate file, where it is similar to a greyscale image. A 32-bit ...

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Hetaera (Greek: singular: Εταίρα Hetaera, plural: Εταίραι Hetaere) In ancient Greece, hetaerae were courtesans, that is to say, sophisticated companions and prostitutes. In ancient Greek society, prostitutes were independent and sometimes influential women who were required to wear distinctive dresses and had to pay taxes. There is evidence that, unlike most other women in Greek society at the time, hetaerae were educated. It is remarkable that hetaere not only were the only females who would actively take part in the symposiums but also that the ...

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