Dongye

Until the rise of Goguryeo, the external relations of Samhan were largely limited to the Chinese commanderies located in the northern part of the peninsula. The longest standing of these, the Lelang commandery, appear to have maintained separate diplomatic relations with each individual state rather than with the heads of the confederacies as such. In the beginning, the relationship was tributary: a political trading system in which "tribute" was exchanged for titles or prestige gifts. Official seals identified each tribal leader's au ...

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Samhan, Samhan - Three Hans, Samhan - Geography, Samhan - Technology, Samhan - Relations

Read more here: » Samhan: Encyclopedia II - Samhan - Relations

The people of Balhae were made up of former Goguryeo elements and of several Tungusic peoples present in Manchuria, of which the Mohe (Malgal) made up the largest element. Its culture and government was heavily influenced by Tang China. It modeled its system of government upon that of Tang China, to an even greater extent than Silla. The government operated three chancelleries and six ministries, and its capital, Sanggyong, was modeled after Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. In addition, Balhae sent many students to Tang China to study, and many went on to take and pas ...

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Balhae, Balhae - History, Balhae - Founding, Balhae - Expansion and foreign relations, Balhae - Fall and legacy, Balhae - Government and culture, Balhae - Characterization and political interpretation

Read more here: » Balhae: Encyclopedia II - Balhae - Government and culture

For all but the last year of its existence, Hubaekje was ruled by Gyeon Hwon, and his personal style of rule played a key role in the kingdom's fate. After declaring himself king, Gyeon Hwon took numerous wives, and is said to have had 10 sons by them in addition to the 8 borne by his first wife. This laid the groundwork for the strife which ended the kingdom's existence. In 935, Gyeon Hwon chose his fourth son Geumgang over the elder sons as the crown prince of Hubaekje. At this the eldest son, Singeom, conspiring with his bro ...

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Hubaekje, Hubaekje - Background, Hubaekje - Internal affairs, Hubaekje - Military affairs, Hubaekje - Diplomatic ties, Hubaekje - Fall

Read more here: » Hubaekje: Encyclopedia II - Hubaekje - Internal affairs

Gojoseon, Jin Proto-Three Kingdoms:  Buyeo, Okjeo, Dongye  Samhan, Gaya Three Kingdoms:  Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla Unified Silla, Balhae Later Three Kingdoms Goryeo Joseon Japanese Rule Divided Korea:  N. Korea, S. Korea List of Monarchs < ...

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Joseon Dynasty, Joseon Dynasty - History, Joseon Dynasty - Overview, Joseon Dynasty - Science and culture, Joseon Dynasty - Early Japanese invasions, Joseon Dynasty - Subsequent history, Joseon Dynasty - Decline and collapse, Joseon Dynasty - Japanese occupation, Joseon Dynasty - The family today, Joseon Dynasty - The Imperial Family, Joseon Dynasty - About titles, Joseon Dynasty - About references

Read more here: » Joseon Dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Joseon Dynasty - History

Controversy rests over the ethnic makeup of the people of Balhae. That Balhae was founded by a former general from Goguryeo is undisputed, but some dispute his ethnicity is, due to ambiguous wording in historical sources. No written records from Balhae itself survive. In modern North and South Korea, Balhae is regarded as a Korean state and is positioned in the "North-South Period" (with Silla) today, although such a view has had proponents in the past. They emphasize its connection with Goguryeo and minimize that with the Mohe. While ...

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Balhae, Balhae - History, Balhae - Founding, Balhae - Expansion and foreign relations, Balhae - Fall and legacy, Balhae - Government and culture, Balhae - Characterization and political interpretation

Read more here: » Balhae: Encyclopedia II - Balhae - Characterization and political interpretation

The Samhan saw the systematic introduction of iron into the southern Korean peninsula. This was taken up with particular intensity by the Byeonhan states of the Nakdong River valley, which manufactured and exported iron armor and weapons throughout Northeast Asia. The introduction of iron technology also facilitated growth in agriculture, as iron tools made the clearing and cultivation of land much easier. It appears that at this time the modern-day Jeolla area emerged as a c ...

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Samhan, Samhan - Three Hans, Samhan - Geography, Samhan - Technology, Samhan - Relations

Read more here: » Samhan: Encyclopedia II - Samhan - Technology

The exact locations occupied by the different Samhan confederations are disputed. It is also quite likely that their boundaries changed over time. Samguk Sagi indicates that Mahan was located in the northern region later occupied by Goguryeo, Jinhan in the region later occupied by Silla, and Byeonhan in the southwestern region later occupied by Baekje. However, the earlier Chinese San guo zhi places Mahan in the southwest, Jinhan in the s ...

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Samhan, Samhan - Three Hans, Samhan - Geography, Samhan - Technology, Samhan - Relations

Read more here: » Samhan: Encyclopedia II - Samhan - Geography

Buyeo (Fuyu in Chinese) claimed the inheritance of Gojoseon, and the rulers continued to use the titles of Tanje ("Emperor"). According to some accounts, Buyeo was divided into two countries, Bukbuyeo and Dongbuyeo. Emperor Haemosu (239 - 195 BCE) Emperor Morisu (195 - 170 BCE) Emperor Gohaesa (170 - 121 BCE) Emperor Gowuru (121 - 86 BCE) List of Korean monarchs - Bukbuyeo c.108 BCE–c.58 BCE. Emperor Godumak (108 - 60 BCE) Emperor Gomuseu (60 - 58 BCE) See also:

List of Korean monarchs, List of Korean monarchs - Gojoseon c.2333 BC - 108 BC, List of Korean monarchs - Buyeo c.239 BC - 494 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Bukbuyeo c.108 BCE–c.58 BCE, List of Korean monarchs - Dongbuyeo c.86 BCE–22 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Gaya confederacy 42-532, List of Korean monarchs - Geumgwan Gaya, List of Korean monarchs - Baekje 18 BC - 660 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Goguryeo 37 BC - 668 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Legendary line, List of Korean monarchs - Great King line, List of Korean monarchs - Hwando-Guknae line, List of Korean monarchs - P'yŏngyang line, List of Korean monarchs - Silla 57 BC - 935 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Balhae 669 - 926, List of Korean monarchs - Goryeo 918 - 1392, List of Korean monarchs - Joseon 1392 - 1897, List of Korean monarchs - Korean Empire 1897 - 1919, List of Korean monarchs - Post-monarchy

Read more here: » List of Korean monarchs: Encyclopedia II - List of Korean monarchs - Buyeo c.239 BC - 494 CE

Following these events the Korean Kingdom became increasingly isolationist. Its rulers sought to limit contact with foreign countries. In addition, the Ming Dynasty was weakened, partly because of the war in Korea against Japan, which lead to the destruction of the Ming Dynasty by the Manchu invasion of China, and lead to the establishment of the new Qing Dynasty. The Koreans decided to build tighter borders, exert more controls over inter-border traffic, and wait out the in ...

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Joseon Dynasty, Joseon Dynasty - History, Joseon Dynasty - Overview, Joseon Dynasty - Science and culture, Joseon Dynasty - Early Japanese invasions, Joseon Dynasty - Subsequent history, Joseon Dynasty - Decline and collapse, Joseon Dynasty - Japanese occupation, Joseon Dynasty - The family today, Joseon Dynasty - The Imperial Family, Joseon Dynasty - About titles, Joseon Dynasty - About references

Read more here: » Joseon Dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Joseon Dynasty - Subsequent history

After he was deposed by his sons in 935 and fled to Goryeo, Gyeon Hwon himself came to lead the armies against Hubaekje. Together with Wanggeon, the Samguk Yusa reports that he led an army of 100,000 against his former kingdom. The Goryeo and Hubaekje armies met at Seonsan, today part of Gumi in North Gyeongsang province, and the Hubaekje forces were destroyed. Hubaekje thus finally fell in 936, one year after King Gyeongsun had surrendered Silla to Wanggeon. The battle of Seonsan thus marked the end of ...

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Hubaekje, Hubaekje - Background, Hubaekje - Internal affairs, Hubaekje - Military affairs, Hubaekje - Diplomatic ties, Hubaekje - Fall

Read more here: » Hubaekje: Encyclopedia II - Hubaekje - Fall

In a complicated series of manoeuvres and counter-manoeuvres, Japan pushed back the Russian fleet at the Battle of Port Arthur in 1905. Both the fleets of China and Russia had given Korea sufficient protection to prevent a direct invasion, but this ambuscade of the Russian fleet gave Japan free reign over north China, and Korea was left at the mercy of the new regional naval power: Japan. Korea became a protectorate of Japan in 1895 when Japan forced Emperor Gojong of Korea to abdicate his throne and assassinated his wife, Empress Min ...

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Joseon Dynasty, Joseon Dynasty - History, Joseon Dynasty - Overview, Joseon Dynasty - Science and culture, Joseon Dynasty - Early Japanese invasions, Joseon Dynasty - Subsequent history, Joseon Dynasty - Decline and collapse, Joseon Dynasty - Japanese occupation, Joseon Dynasty - The family today, Joseon Dynasty - The Imperial Family, Joseon Dynasty - About titles, Joseon Dynasty - About references

Read more here: » Joseon Dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Joseon Dynasty - Japanese occupation

The five Korean signatories to the treaty have been regarded as “national traitors” by some Koreans and were despisingly called eulsa ojeok (乙巳五賊, “five Eulsa traitors”) in Korean. In 1907, the Korean Emperor Gojong sent a secret emissary Jun Lee to the second international Hague Peace Convention to protest the unfairness of the Eulsa Treaty. Unable to gain entry into the convention hall, Lee committed self-im ...

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Eulsa Treaty, Eulsa Treaty - Name, Eulsa Treaty - Reception, Eulsa Treaty - Implications

Read more here: » Eulsa Treaty: Encyclopedia II - Eulsa Treaty - Reception

All rulers of Gaya bore the title Wang ("King"). List of Korean monarchs - Geumgwan Gaya. This list is of the Kim Dynasty of Geumgwan Gaya. King Suro (42-199) King Geodeung (199-259) King Mapum (259-291) King Geojilmi (291-346) King Isipum (346-407) King Jwaji (407-421) King Chwiheui (421-451) King Jilji (451-492)See also:

List of Korean monarchs, List of Korean monarchs - Gojoseon c.2333 BC - 108 BC, List of Korean monarchs - Buyeo c.239 BC - 494 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Bukbuyeo c.108 BCE–c.58 BCE, List of Korean monarchs - Dongbuyeo c.86 BCE–22 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Gaya confederacy 42-532, List of Korean monarchs - Geumgwan Gaya, List of Korean monarchs - Baekje 18 BC - 660 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Goguryeo 37 BC - 668 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Legendary line, List of Korean monarchs - Great King line, List of Korean monarchs - Hwando-Guknae line, List of Korean monarchs - P'yŏngyang line, List of Korean monarchs - Silla 57 BC - 935 CE, List of Korean monarchs - Balhae 669 - 926, List of Korean monarchs - Goryeo 918 - 1392, List of Korean monarchs - Joseon 1392 - 1897, List of Korean monarchs - Korean Empire 1897 - 1919, List of Korean monarchs - Post-monarchy

Read more here: » List of Korean monarchs: Encyclopedia II - List of Korean monarchs - Gaya confederacy 42-532

The Joseon Dynasty recorded its history as Annals of Joseon Dynasty. There is presently no official historian of the Korean royal family, and the Imperial records have ceased to be recorded since the Japanese invasions. Occasional references to the Korean Royal Family and its present charities and activities in the arts or in cultural preservation are found on websites on world royalty. ...

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Joseon Dynasty, Joseon Dynasty - History, Joseon Dynasty - Overview, Joseon Dynasty - Science and culture, Joseon Dynasty - Early Japanese invasions, Joseon Dynasty - Subsequent history, Joseon Dynasty - Decline and collapse, Joseon Dynasty - Japanese occupation, Joseon Dynasty - The family today, Joseon Dynasty - The Imperial Family, Joseon Dynasty - About titles, Joseon Dynasty - About references

Read more here: » Joseon Dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Joseon Dynasty - About references

Main article: Three Kingdoms of Korea Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla are called the Three Kingdoms. Baekje was founded in 18 BC in the southwest of the Korean Peninsula, by the sons of Goguryeo's founder. It deveoped a strong centralized government based in Seoul by the fourth century, and at its peak, controlled most of the western Korean peninsula. Culturally, Baekje acquired Chinese civilization through its relationship with the Southern Dynasties in China. It played a fundamental role in transmitting cultural development ...

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History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668

Main articles: Balhae, Unified Silla In 660, King Munmu of Silla ordered his armies to attack Baekje. General Kim Yu-shin, aided by Tang forces, defeated General Ge-Baek and conquered Baekje. In 661, he moved on Goguryeo but was repelled. King Munmu ordered General Kim to launch another campaign in 667 and, in 668, Goguryeo fell. The post-668 Silla kingdom is often referred to as Unified Silla. Unified Silla lasted for 267 ...

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History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla

After the fall of Gojoseon, the southern part of the peninsula consolidated into three confederations (collectively Samhan): Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan. The Mahan and Jinhan confederations reconquered three of the Chinese commanderies in 82 BC and 75 BC. In the north, Goguryeo was founded in southern Manchuria in 37 BC, claiming to be the successor to a branch of Buyeo. Among the other various small states in former Gojoseon territory were the neighboring Buyeo, and Okjeo and Dongye in the ...

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History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century

Main articles: Gojoseon, Dangun, Founding Myth of Korea According to legend, Korea's first kingdom, Gojoseon (고조선, then called Joseon), was founded by Dangun in 2333 BC, in southern Manchuria and northern Korean peninsula. The people of Gojoseon belonged to the Tungusic family and were linguistically affiliated with the Altaic. Around 2000 BC, a new pottery culture is evidenced, with painted designs, in Manchuria and northern Korea. Intensive agriculture and complex societies dev ...

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History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC

Archaeological evidence shows that humans first inhabited the peninsula about 700,000 years ago. Tool-making artifacts from the Palaeolithic period (70,000 BC to 40,000 BC) have been found in present-day North Hamgyong, South P'yongan, Gyeonggi, and north and south Chungcheong Provinces. The people were cave dwellers and built homes, using fire for food and warmth. They hunted, gathered and fished with stone tools. Earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC or before, and evidence of Mesolithic Pit-Comb Ware culture or Yung ...

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History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Prehistory

Main article: Goryeo The kingdom of Goryeo was founded in 918 and replaced Silla as the dominant power in Korea in the years 935-936. ("Goryeo" is a short form of "Goguryeo" and the source of the English name "Korea.") The kingdom lasted until 1392. During this period laws were codified, and a civil service system was introduced. Buddhism flourished, and spread throughout the peninsula. In 1231 the Mongols invaded Korea and after 25 years of struggle the royal family surrendered by signing a treaty with the Mongols. For the fol ...

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History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Goryeo

In 1910 Japan annexed Korea by the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty which was signed under duress. (See also: Japanese war crimes) Korea continued to be ruled by Japan under a Governor-General of Korea until Japan's unconditional surrender to the Allied Forces on 15 August 1945. European based transport and communication networks were established across the nation. This facilitated Japanese commerce, but modernization had little if any effect on the Korean people, it being used to serve Japanese trade needs, and their tight centralized c ...

See also:

History of Korea, History of Korea - Prehistory, History of Korea - Gojoseon ? - 108 BC, History of Korea - Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea 108 BC - 3rd century, History of Korea - Three Kingdoms 3rd century - 668, History of Korea - Balhae and Unified Silla, History of Korea - Goryeo, History of Korea - Joseon, History of Korea - 19th century, History of Korea - Japanese Occupation, History of Korea - The division of Korea

Read more here: » History of Korea: Encyclopedia II - History of Korea - Japanese Occupation

Residents of the Korean peninsula, whether ethnic Korean or Japanese, did not have the right to vote or right to hold office in Japan's House of Representatives (衆議院). The election law was amended in 1945 to allot 18 seats of the House of Representatives to the Korean peninsula, but this did not go into effect because of the end of the war later in the same year. Koreans living in Japan did, however, have both a right to vote and a right to hold office. Park Choon-Geum (박춘금, 朴春琴) was the first Korean to be elected into the ...

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Korea under Japanese rule, Korea under Japanese rule - Background, Korea under Japanese rule - Unequal treaties, Korea under Japanese rule - Assassination of Queen Myeongseong, Korea under Japanese rule - Donghak Rebellion and protests for democracy, Korea under Japanese rule - On the road to annexation, Korea under Japanese rule - Annexation of Korea, Korea under Japanese rule - Independence movement, Korea under Japanese rule - 1940s and the end, Korea under Japanese rule - Economy, Korea under Japanese rule - Japanese landowners, Korea under Japanese rule - Labor conscription, Korea under Japanese rule - Politics and Culture, Korea under Japanese rule - Royalty, Korea under Japanese rule - Culture, Korea under Japanese rule - Education, Korea under Japanese rule - Koreans and the Japanese Imperial Army, Korea under Japanese rule - Victims of Nuclear Attacks and Sexual Slavery, Korea under Japanese rule - Controversy over the Nature of the Japanese Rule

Read more here: » Korea under Japanese rule: Encyclopedia II - Korea under Japanese rule - Politics and Culture