A disease is any abnormal condition of the body or mind that causes discomfort, dysfunction, or distress to the person affected or those in contact with the person. Sometimes the term is used broadly to include injuries, disabilities, syndromes, symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts these may be considered distinguishable categories. Pathology is the study of diseases. The subject of systematic classification of diseases is referred to as nosology. The broader bo ...

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Disease - Syndromes illness and disease Disease - Transmission of disease Disease - Social significance of disease Disease - Other uses of the term

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Disease, Disease - Syndromes illness and disease, Disease - Transmission of disease, Disease - Social significance of disease, Disease - Other uses of the term

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Medical usage sometimes distinguishes a disease, which has a known specific cause or causes (called its etiology), from a syndrome, which is a collection of signs or symptoms that occur together. However, many conditions have been identified, yet continue to be referred to as "syndromes". Furthermore, numerous conditions of unknown etiology are referred to as "diseases" in many contexts. Illness, although often used to mean disease, can also refer to a person's perception of their health, regardless of whether the ...

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Disease, Disease - Syndromes, illness and disease, Disease - Transmission of disease, Disease - Social significance of disease, Disease - Other uses of the term

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Heel pain is very common in horses with navicular syndrome. Lameness may begin as mild and intermittent, and progress to severe lameness. This may be due to strain and inflammation of the ligaments supporting the navicular bone, reduced blood flow and increased pressure within the hoof, damage to the navicular bursa or DDF, or from cartilage erosion. Symptomatic horses display a "tiptoe" gait - trying to walk on the toes due to heel pain. They may stumble frequently. The lameness may switch from one leg to another, and may not be consistent. Lameness usually occurs in ...

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Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Description of the Navicular Area, Navicular Disease - Causes and Contributing Factors of Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Symptoms of Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Treatment and Prognosis for Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Prognosis, Navicular Disease - Sources

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Anemia of chronic disease, increasingly referred to as "anemia of inflammation", is a form of anemia seen in chronic illness, e.g. from chronic infection, chronic immune activation, or malignancy. New discoveries suggest that the syndrome is likely primarily the result of the body's production of hepcidin, a master regulator of human iron metabolism. In response to inflammatory cytokines, the liver produces increased amounts of hepcidin. Hepcidin in turn stops ferroportin from releasing iron stores. Inflammatory cytokines also appear ...

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Anemia of chronic disease - Diagnosis Anemia of chronic disease - Treatment

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Treatment No single treatment works for all cases, probably due to the fact that there is no single cause for all navicular syndrome cases. The degenerative changes are usually quite advanced by the time the horse is consistently lame, and these changes are non-reversible. At this time, it is best to manage the condition and focus on alleviating the pain and slowing the progression of the degeneration. Shoeing This is the most important long-term management plan for a horse with navicular. The farrier desig ...

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Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Description of the Navicular Area, Navicular Disease - Causes and Contributing Factors of Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Symptoms of Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Treatment and Prognosis for Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Prognosis, Navicular Disease - Sources

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Addison's disease (also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency, or hypocortisolism) is a rare endocrine disorder, first described by British physician Thomas Addison. It is estimated that it affects about 1 to 2 in 100,000 people. It occurs when the adrenal glands, seated above the kidneys, fail to produce enough of the hormone cortisol and, sometimes, the hormone aldosterone. Addison's disease refers specifically to primary adrenal insufficiency, in which the adrenal glands themselves malfunc ...

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Addison's disease - Signs and symptoms
Addison's disease - Early signs Addison's disease - Addisonian crisis
Addison's disease - Diagnosis Addison's disease - Pathophysiology Addison's disease - Treatment Addison's disease - Famous patients Addison's disease - In animals Addison's disease - Reference

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Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia and characterised clinically by progressive intellectual deterioration together with declining activities of daily living and neuropsychiatric symptoms or behavioral changes. The most striking early symptom is memory loss (amnesia), usually manifest as minor forgetfulness that becomes steadily denser with illness progression, with relative preservation of older memories. As the disorder progresses, cognitive (intellectual) impairment ex ...

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Alzheimer's disease - History Alzheimer's disease - Clinical features Alzheimer's disease - Diagnosis Alzheimer's disease - Pathology
Alzheimer's disease - Microscopy Alzheimer's disease - Neurochemistry Alzheimer's disease - Disease mechanism Alzheimer's disease - Genetic linkage
Alzheimer's disease - Epidemiology Alzheimer's disease - Prevention Alzheimer's disease - Nutrition and Alzheimer's Alzheimer's disease - Treatment
Alzheimer's disease - Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Alzheimer's disease - NMDA antagonists Alzheimer's disease - Vaccine Alzheimer's disease - Pure Medical Nicotine
Alzheimer's disease - Genetic and population effects Alzheimer's disease - Social issues Alzheimer's disease - Famous Alzheimer's sufferers

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Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract and it can involve any part of it, from the mouth to the anus. It typically affects the caecum and/or the terminal ileum as well as demarcated areas of large bowel, with other areas of the bowel being relatively unaffected. It is often associated with auto-immune disorders outside the bowel, such as aphthous stomatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Crohn's disease should not be confused with a non-progressive and non-degenerative digestive disorder called irri ...

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Crohn's disease - Symptoms Crohn's disease - Epidemiology Crohn's disease - Causes
Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection
Crohn's disease - Complications
Crohn's disease - Short-term Crohn's disease - Long-term risks
Crohn's disease - Treatment
Crohn's disease - Medication Crohn's disease - Surgery Crohn's disease - Dietary Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research
Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis Crohn's disease - History and name

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Coeliac disease (also called celiac disease, non-tropical sprue, c(o)eliac sprue and gluten intolerance) is a digestive disorder. It is characterised by damage or flattening to all or part of the villi lining the small intestine, causing scar tissue that cannot absorb nutrients. This damage is caused by exposure to gluten and related proteins found in wheat, rye, malt, barley and oats. Coeliac disease - Signs and symptoms. Damage to the villi reduces the ability of the intestines ...

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Coeliac disease - Signs and symptoms Coeliac disease - Diagnosis
Coeliac disease - Tests Coeliac disease - Biopsy appearance
Coeliac disease - Causes Coeliac disease - Pathophysiology Coeliac disease - Treatment Coeliac disease - Epidemiology Coeliac disease - Social impact
Coeliac disease - Lifelong diet Coeliac disease - Coeliacs and the Eucharist Coeliac disease - Coeliacs and Passover
Coeliac disease - Footnotes

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Wilson's disease or lentigohepatic degeneration is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease, with an incidence of about 1 in 30,000. Its main feature is accumulation of copper in tissues, which manifests itself with neurological symptoms and liver disease. The estimated heterozygous carrier rate is about 1 in 90, meaning that 1 in 90 people are unaffected carriers of this mutation. The disease affects men and women equally and occurs in all races. Wilson's disease - Description. The Wilson's dise ...

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Wilson's disease - Description Wilson's disease - Symptoms and signs Wilson's disease - Clinical features
Wilson's disease - Hepatic Wilson's disease - Psychiatric Wilson's disease - Neurologic Wilson's disease - Renal Wilson's disease - Ophthalmologic Wilson's disease - Cardiovascular Wilson's disease - Dermatological
Wilson's disease - Diagnosis Wilson's disease - Treatment Wilson's disease - Source

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Autoimmune diseases arise from an overactive immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body. In other words, the body attacks its own cells. Today there are more than 40 human diseases classified as either definite or probable autoimmune diseases, and they affect 5% to 7% of the population. Almost all autoimmune diseases appear without warning or apparent cause, and most patients suffer from fatigue. The causes of autoimmune diseases are still obscure: Some are thought to be either examp ...

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Autoimmune diseases - Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune diseases - Accepted Autoimmune diseases - Suspected
Autoimmune diseases - Reference

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Blood diseases affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, the mechanism of coagulation, etc. The study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases is the domain of hematology and hemotherapy. Medical specialists in this domain are called hematologists. Blood diseases - Classification of diseases. Hemoglobinopaties (abnormal structure of part of the hemoglobin molecule) Sickle-cell diseas ...

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Blood diseases - Classification of diseases Blood diseases - Related topics

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Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart and/or blood vessels (arteries and veins). While the term technically refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system, it is usually used to refer to those related to atherosclerosis (arterial disease). These conditions have similar causes, mechanisms, and treatments. Over 50 million Americans have cardiovascular problems, and most other Western countries face high and increasing rates of cardiovascular disease. It is the number 1 cause o ...

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Cardiovascular disease - Forms Cardiovascular disease - Risk factors Cardiovascular disease - Prevention Cardiovascular disease - Treatment Cardiovascular disease - Research Cardiovascular disease - Reference

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Blackhead disease is an avian disease that affects chickens, turkeys and other poultry. It is a commercially important disease. The protozoan parasite histomonas meleagridis is a cause of the disease. The disease is also known simply as blackhead. It is a form of histomoniasis. Categories: Parasitology | Poultry diseases ...

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Illness can be a synonym for disease or it can be a person's perception of having poor health. Disease is an actual physical, pathophysiological process which can cause an abnormal condition of the body or mind. Illness and disease are not necessarily the same. Most people who have a disease will feel they have an illness, while others will feel perfectly healthy. A third group (although small) may claim illness although they do not actually have a disease. People could have dangerously high blood pressure (hypertension) and be in danger of having a fatal heart attack or stroke, yet they feel perfectly ...

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Parkinson's disease - Parkinson-Plus diseases. There are other disorders that are called Parkinson-Plus diseases. These include: Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) Shy-Drager Syndrome (SDS) Striatonigral degeneration (SND) Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy (OPCA) Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD) Some people include Dementia with Lew ...

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Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease - Debate over Causes, Parkinson's disease - Genetic, Parkinson's disease - Toxins, Parkinson's disease - Head trauma, Parkinson's disease - Loss of dopamine-secreting cells, Parkinson's disease - Symptoms, Parkinson's disease - Cardinal symptoms, Parkinson's disease - Additional psychological and cognitive symptoms, Parkinson's disease - Additional sensory symptoms, Parkinson's disease - Additional physical symptoms, Parkinson's disease - Other notes, Parkinson's disease - Diagnosis, Parkinson's disease - Differential diagnosis, Parkinson's disease - Imaging, Parkinson's disease - Treatment, Parkinson's disease - Related diseases, Parkinson's disease - Parkinson-Plus diseases, Parkinson's disease - Secondary parkinsonism, Parkinson's disease - Parkinson's and death, Parkinson's disease - Notable Parkinson's sufferers

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Some diseases show a considerable overlap with CFS, and it may be hard to distinguish between them. People with fibromyalgia have muscle pain and sleep disturbances. Those with multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) are sensitive to chemicals and have sleep disturbances. Many veterans with Gulf War syndrome (GWS) have symptoms almost identical to CFS. Post-polio syndrome also bears a strong and remarkable resemblance to CFS. Some researchers maintain these disorders are all express ...

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Chronic fatigue syndrome, Chronic fatigue syndrome - History, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Nomenclature, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Symptoms, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Course, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Onset, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Activity levels, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Post-exertion symptom exacerbation, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Duration, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Diagnosis, Chronic fatigue syndrome - CDC 1994 criteria aka Fukuda, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Other systems, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Controversies, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Epidemiology, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Disease associations, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Co-morbidity, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Proposed etiologies and corresponding treatments, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Allergies, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Autonomic nervous system disruption, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Damage to ascending reticular activating system, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Depression, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Hormonal dysfunction, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Immune dysfunction, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Infectious agents, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Inner-ear disorders, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Metabolic disorders, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Nutritional deficiency or imbalance, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Psychosomatic causes, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Spinal problems, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Toxic agents, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Other treatments, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Social issues, Chronic fatigue syndrome - Notable sufferers

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Navicular syndrome is inflammation or degeneration of the navicular bone and its surrounding tissues. Knowledge of equine forelimb anatomy is especially useful for understanding navicular syndrome. The navicular bone (or distal sesamoid) lies behind the coffin bone and under the small pastern bone. The deep digital flexor tendon (or DDF) runs down the back of the cannon and soft tissue in that area and under the navicular bone before attaching to the back of the coffin bone. The DDF flexes the coffin ...

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Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Description of the Navicular Area, Navicular Disease - Causes and Contributing Factors of Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Symptoms of Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Treatment and Prognosis for Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Prognosis, Navicular Disease - Sources

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Causes There is no single known cause of navicular syndrome, although many theories. The two most important factors in navicular are: Compression of the navicular bone under the deep digital flexor tendon and the back of the small pastern bone. Repeated compression in this area can cause cartilage degeneration, with the cartilage flattening and gradually becoming less springy and shock absorbing. The cartilage may also begin to erod ...

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Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Description of the Navicular Area, Navicular Disease - Causes and Contributing Factors of Navicular Disease, Navicular Disease - Symptoms of Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Treatment and Prognosis for Navicular Syndrome, Navicular Disease - Prognosis, Navicular Disease - Sources

Read more here: » Navicular Disease: Encyclopedia II - Navicular Disease - Causes and Contributing Factors of Navicular Disease