Suffering is any unwanted condition and the corresponding negative emotion. It is usually associated with pain and unhappiness, but any condition can be suffering if it is unwanted. Antonyms include happiness or pleasure. In a phrase like "suffering from a disease" emphasis is on having the disease, less on the unhappiness it causes. Acceptance Anger Anticipation Boredom Disgust Envy Fear Guilt Hate Hope Joy Jealousy Love Remorse Sadness
Including:

• Suffering - Abolitionism
• Suffering - Suffering addressed by major faiths
• Suffering - Buddhism
• Suffering - Judaism and Christianity
• Suffering - Language
• Suffering - Law
• Suffering - Spinozistic Definition of Sorrow

Read more here: » Suffering: Encyclopedia - Suffering

There are nine dental specialties recognized by the American Dental Association and require 2-6 years of further formal university training after dental school. The specialties are Dental Public Health (study of dental epidemiology and social health policies), Endodontics (root canal therapy), Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (study, diagnosis, and often the treatment of oral and maxillofacial related diseases), Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (study and radiologic interpretation of oral and maxillofacial diseases), Oral and Maxillofacial S ...

See also:

Dentistry, Dentistry - Specialties, Dentistry - History, Dentistry - Dentistry throughout the world, Dentistry - Dentistry in Australia, Dentistry - Dentistry in Canada, Dentistry - Dentistry in Hong Kong, Dentistry - Dentistry in India, Dentistry - Dentistry in Pakistan, Dentistry - Dentistry in Slovakia, Dentistry - Dentistry in the United Kingdom, Dentistry - Dentistry in the United States, Dentistry - Related dental topics, Dentistry - Organizations

Read more here: » Dentistry: Encyclopedia II - Dentistry - Specialties

Porphyria - Vampires and werewolves. Porphyria has been suggested as an explanation for the origin of vampire and werewolf legends, based upon a number of superficial similarities between the condition and the folklore. These ideas may have developed from a misunderstanding of the nature of porphyria and concentrate more on the traits from modern vampire and werewolf fiction than on the original folkloric beliefs. ...

See also:

Porphyria, Porphyria - Overview, Porphyria - Subtypes, Porphyria - Hepatic porphyrias, Porphyria - Erythropoietic porphyria, Porphyria - Porphyria variegata, Porphyria - Signs and symptoms, Porphyria - Diagnosis, Porphyria - Treatment, Porphyria - Acute porphyria, Porphyria - Culture and history, Porphyria - Vampires and werewolves, Porphyria - Historical patients, Porphyria - In Fiction

Read more here: » Porphyria: Encyclopedia II - Porphyria - Culture and history

Disease Broadly stated, disease is a disordered or inharmonious vital state of the organism, with more of less excess, defect, or perversion of functional activity. The condition may be some chemical or mechanical wrong which renders the body unable to respond naturally to the psychoelectric and other forces which play through and sustain the physical person.

Moreover, the material and immaterial elements of the human constitution react upon each other for health or disease, because the mind and emotions on the one hand, and the organs and their functions on the other, are interrelated parts of the same entity. As a rule, this interplay between the material and the conscious person becomes a vicious circle in disease. Mental or emotional shock or strain can so affect function as to result in organic disease. Long continued selfish emotions cause a distorted and inharmonious interaction of the pranic or vital currents of the body, resulting in one or another disorder, according to the type of the emotions and the individual karma.

In view of the electric nature of matter, physical disorder may be regarded as an electrical disharmony or wrong, since disease always changes the polarity of the body, more or less. The vital currents of human electricity connect the conscious person with his body by the living wires of nerves. The rhythmic motion or natural harmony vibrating in each cell and organ at its own rate, is responsive to the universal vibration or Great Breath which in other modes of motion manifests as heat, light, sound, density, etc. But beyond the electrical and vibrational states of the body, and above the mental influence, is the essential self, the source of all harmony or rhythmic procedures in all below it, keyed to harmony and striving to raise the lower nature to act in unison with its finer and greater powers. When the instinct of the animal body, the mental reasoning faculties, and the reimbodying ego's intuition are functioning together, the person is keyed to health, sanity, and wisdom. Otherwise, the real inner conflict manifests in some form of disorder.

As the human being, then, is a dynamo of balanced forces, some disorder in their operation is the basic wrong in human diseases. Moreover, as all matter is alive, conscious in some degree, and vibrationally responsive to the laws of nature, the same general principle applies also to disease in the animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdoms. In mankind, the organic vital fluid of the reimbodying ego is the cohering factor for the entire constitution, dominating over all minor vital expressions of the life-atoms. The intense and ceaseless activity of these life-atoms builds and composes the body, and as age comes on, and the physical vehicle naturally and normally weakens, the uninterrupted activity of the vital power becomes too strong to be held in check by the gripping influence of the vital-electrical field. Thus the atomic forces, really the vital energies, continuing unabated within the body structure, slowly weaken it and finally destroy it, and this is death.

"It is likewise these internal vital activities of the life-atoms held in insufficient check by the organic vitality which bring about many if perhaps not all of the various forms of disease of a lasting character. Cases of malignant disease are due to the same general cause but on account of specific and unusual circumstances are localized in some portion of the body where the power or control of the organic vitality becomes greatly weakened" (ET 813n).

(See also: Disease , Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

For more dictionary entries, see » Disease Dictionary

The following closely related terms may be used to designate abnormal growths: Neoplasia and neoplasm are the accurate, scientific names for this group of diseases as defined in the first paragraph above. This group contains a large number of different diseases; the usual classification is listed below. Neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Cancer is a widely used word that is usually understood as synonymous with malignant neoplasm. Occasionally, it is used instead of carcinoma ...

See also:

Cancer, Cancer - History, Cancer - Nomenclature and classification, Cancer - Adult cancers, Cancer - Childhood cancers, Cancer - Causes and pathophysiology, Cancer - Origins of cancer, Cancer - Molecular biology, Cancer - Morphology, Cancer - Heredity, Cancer - Environment and diet, Cancer - Epidemiology, Cancer - Prevention, Cancer - Diet and cancer, Cancer - Other chemoprevention agents, Cancer - Genetic testing, Cancer - Diagnosing cancer, Cancer - Signs and symptoms, Cancer - Biopsy, Cancer - Screening, Cancer - Treatment of cancer, Cancer - Surgery, Cancer - Chemotherapy, Cancer - Immunotherapy, Cancer - Radiation therapy, Cancer - Hormonal suppression, Cancer - Symptom control, Cancer - Treatment trials, Cancer - Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer - Cancer vaccines, Cancer - Coping with cancer, Cancer - Social impact, Cancer - Cancer research

Read more here: » Cancer: Encyclopedia II - Cancer - Nomenclature and classification

Cholesterol - Synthesis and intake. Cholesterol is primarily synthesized from acetyl CoA through the HMG-CoA reductase pathway in many cells/tissues. About 20–25% of total daily production (~1 g/day) occurs in the liver; other sites of higher synthesis rates include the intestines, adrenal glands and reproductive organs. For a person of about 150 pounds (68 kg), typical total body content is about 35 g, typical daily internal production is about 1 g and typical daily dietary intake is 200 to 300 mg. Of the 1,200 to 1,300 mg input to the intestines (via bile production and food intake), abo ...

See also:

Cholesterol, Cholesterol - History of the name, Cholesterol - Physiology, Cholesterol - Synthesis and intake, Cholesterol - Properties, Cholesterol - Regulation, Cholesterol - Function, Cholesterol - Excretion, Cholesterol - Role in atheromatous disease, Cholesterol - Cholesteric liquid crystals, Cholesterol - Sources

Read more here: » Cholesterol: Encyclopedia II - Cholesterol - Physiology

AYURVEDIC MEDICINE

Ayurvedic (pronounced eye yur VEH dik) medicine stresses a holistic approach to health. It means “science of life.” It places equal emphasis on body, mind and spirit and its main goal is to restore the innate harmony of the individual.

Ayurvedic medicine defines disease as the result of climatic extremes, bacterial attack, nutritional deviance, and stress, as well as other forms of emotional imbalance. Optimal health is achieved by cultivating mental and physical habits that are conducive to physical and spiritual well-being. Treatment often includes yoga, diet, and the development of positive attitude

Ayurvedic medicine evolved among the Brahmin sages of ancient India some 3000-5000 years ago. There are specific aspects of this system of medicine that distinguish it from other approaches to health care. It focuses on establishing and maintaining balance of the life energies within us, rather than focusing on individual symptoms.

"Constitution” is the keystone of Auruvedic medicine. Constitution refers to the overall health profile of the individual, including strength and susceptibilities. Ayurvedic doctors determine each metabolic body type and then specify a treatment plan to guide one back into harmony with the environment. 

Underlying Ayurveda is the view that everything is composed of five basic elements: ether/space, air, fire, water and earth. These are similar to the elements in traditional Chinese medicine. These elements combine to form the metabolic body types, or doshas (pronounced DOE shas). Ayurveda describes three body types. Even though each person’s metabolic type is determined by a predominant dosha, all three doshas are present in varying degrees in every cell, tissue and organ of the body.

The three doshas are vata, pitta and kapha. Vata is motion that activates the physical system, physical activity, and nerve force. It allows the body to breathe and circulate blood. The seats of the vata are the large intestine, pelvic cavity, bones , skin, ears and thighs. Pitta processes food, air and water and is responsible for charging the endocrine and enzymatic activities throughout the body. The seats of the pitta are the small intestines, stomach, sweat glands, blood, skin and eyes. Kapha involves the structure of bones, tendons, muscles and the fat that holds the body together. It offers nourishment and protection. The chest, lungs, and fluid surrounding the spinal cord are the seats of kapha.

When the doshas are balanced in accordance with the individual’s constitution, the result is vibrant heath and energy. When the balance is disturbed the body becomes susceptible to disease. Imbalance in the doshas is the first sign that the mind and body are not perfectly coordinated.

Ayurvedic medicine believes that once people understand the characteristics and qualities of their body type they can make changes in their lifestyle and environment to restore dosha balance. Ayurveda seeks to heal the fragmentation and disorder of the mind-body complex and restore wholeness and harmony to all people of all ages, from young children to the elderly.

(See also: AYURVEDIC MEDICINE , Alternative Health, Holistic Health, Body Mind and Soul)

For more dictionary entries, see » Disease Dictionary

Animal testing - Advocates of animal testing. Testing advocates argue that: It would be unethical to test substances or drug with potentially adverse side-effects on human beings. [55] Controlled experiments involve introducing only one variable at a time, which is why animals are experimented on while confined inside a laboratory. Human beings could not be confined in this way. [56] There is no substitute for the living systems necessary to study interaction among cells, tissue, an ...

See also:

Animal testing, Animal testing - Terminology, Animal testing - Regulation, Animal testing - United States, Animal testing - Europe, Animal testing - Japan, Animal testing - Number of animals used, Animal testing - Species used, Animal testing - Types of experiment, Animal testing - Toxicology tests, Animal testing - Drug testing, Animal testing - Controversy, Animal testing - Advocates of animal testing, Animal testing - Opponents of animal testing, Animal testing - Allegations of abuse, Animal testing - Huntingdon Life Sciences, Animal testing - Covance, Animal testing - University of Cambridge, Animal testing - University of California Riverside, Animal testing - Columbia University, Animal testing - Cosmetic testing on animals, Animal testing - Alternatives to animal testing

Read more here: » Animal testing: Encyclopedia II - Animal testing - Controversy

Meditation is the best medicine, an instant medicine for mental health.

In order to understand the real approach and significance of Meditation, one must first understand what health signifies. Complete health is a symphony of both physical and mental well being.

(See also: Meditation for Beginners , Meditation, Meditation for Beginners, Meditation Techniques)

Read more here: » Meditation for Beginners: Meditation by Swami Vishvas

Ancient Greeks had differing views on the function of the brain. Hippocrates believed the brain to be the seat of intelligence. Aristotle believed that the brain was a cooling mechanism for the blood while the heart was the seat of intelligence. He reasoned that humans are more rational than the beasts because they have a proportionally larger brain to cool their hot-bloodedness ^{See also:}

Brain, Brain - Mind and brain, Brain - History, Brain - Modern neuroscience, Brain - Comparative anatomy, Brain - Invertebrates, Brain - Vertebrates, Brain - Humans, Brain - Neurobiology, Brain - Histology, Brain - Function, Brain - Brain pathology, Brain - The study of the brain, Brain - Fields of study, Brain - Methods of observation, Brain - Other matters, Brain - Brain as food

Read more here: » Brain: Encyclopedia II - Brain - History

The exact nature of Darwin's illness or illnesses remain mysterious at this time. Unless sophisticated molecular probing of his biological remains is allowed, no definitive diagnosis can be reached. At the same time, historical investigations are probabilistic. There appears to be increasing support for the diagnosis that both organic and psychological ailments combined to cause his illness. The issue has become embroiled in the creation-evolution controversy, with allegations that Creationists are drawing attention to interpretation of the illness to damage Darwin's reputation, and counter-allegations tha ...

See also:

Charles Darwin's illness, Charles Darwin's illness - Development of illness and symptoms, Charles Darwin's illness - Possible causes, Charles Darwin's illness - Psychic causation, Charles Darwin's illness - The Chagas hypothesis, Charles Darwin's illness - Ménière's disease, Charles Darwin's illness - Other possible causes, Charles Darwin's illness - Combined causes, Charles Darwin's illness - Hereditary disease, Charles Darwin's illness - Contribution to Darwin's work, Charles Darwin's illness - Conclusions, Charles Darwin's illness - Notes and source

Read more here: » Charles Darwin's illness: Encyclopedia II - Charles Darwin's illness - Conclusions

The first new child that we will explore is the Indigo Child. Below is what I wrote about them in my second book. To learn what is happening now, you will find in this issue a preview from Lee Carroll and Jan Tober's soon-to-be-published new book on the the Indigo Children.

We also are offering the perspectives of two doctors and a psychologist on the issue of so-called Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, which in many cases may be the application of a disease label to a perfectly healthy, creative Indigo Child. Drs. Virtue, Upledger, and Baughman propound sane, humane alternatives that can actually help our children, instead of using addictive, mind-altering drugs to make them ''behave," and they describe the shocking effect of Ritalin and other prescription drugs, including a horrific toll in childhood death by heart failure.

(See also: Indigo Children, What is Indigo Children, Parenting Indigo Children, Adult Indigo, Indigo Children Channeling)

Read more here: » Indigo Children: The Indigo Children  

The 21st century is the century that began on 1 January 2001 and will last to 31 December 2100. Frequently common usage regards the 21st century as spanning 2000 to 2099, though this method of counting ignores the fact that there was no year 0. In 2000 the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) implicitly backed the common usage by defining a calendar that places the origin of the counting in a year zero. 21st century - Overview. The 21st century has had an influence on culture since well befo ...

Including:

• 21st century - Overview
• 21st century - Important developments events achievements
• 21st century - Politics
• 21st century - Science and technology
• 21st century - Conflicts and civil unrest
• 21st century - Natural disasters
• 21st century - Sport
• 21st century - Issues and concerns
• 21st century - Significant people
• 21st century - Influential people in politics as of 2005
• 21st century - Influential people in religion as of 2005
• 21st century - Influential people in technology as of 2005
• 21st century - Influential people in science as of 2005
• 21st century - Influential people in mathematics as of 2005
• 21st century - Astronomical events and predictions
• 21st century - Scientific Predictions
• 21st century - Socio-Political Predictions
• 21st century - Science Fiction set in the remaining years of the 21st Century
• 21st century - Television and film
• 21st century - Computer and video games
• 21st century - Novels
• 21st century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 21st century: Encyclopedia - 21st century

Business Continuity Planning (BCP) is a methodology used to create a plan for how an organization will resume partially or completely interrupted critical function(s) within a predetermined time after a disaster or disruption. BCP may be a part of a larger organizational effort to reduce operational risk associated with poor information security controls, and thus has a number of overlaps with the practice of risk management. The International Organization for Standardization and the British Standards Institute set BCP best pra ...

Including:

• Business continuity planning - Introduction
• Business continuity planning - Analysis
• Business continuity planning - Impact analysis
• Business continuity planning - Threat analysis
• Business continuity planning - Definition of impact scenarios
• Business continuity planning - Recovery requirement documentation
• Business continuity planning - Solution design
• Business continuity planning - Implementation
• Business continuity planning - Testing and organizational acceptance
• Business continuity planning - Maintenance
• Business continuity planning - Information update and testing
• Business continuity planning - Testing and verification of technical solutions
• Business continuity planning - Testing and verification of organization recovery procedures
• Business continuity planning - Treatment of test failures

Read more here: » Business continuity planning: Encyclopedia - Business continuity planning

Natural Hygiene is a branch of alternative medicine that claims to provide "all the life requirements brought to bear upon the living organism in due proportion and according to [the] need" of human beings for preservation and restoration of health (see Shelton 1968 Chapter X). It claims that the human body is a self-maintaining and self-healing system whose natural lifespan is between 120 to 150 years old. It advocates the utilization of the human body's own healing power to overcome disease, while at the same time removing th ...

Including:

• Natural Hygiene - Theories of Natural Hygiene
• Natural Hygiene - History of Natural Hygiene
• Natural Hygiene - Toxemia of the blood
• Natural Hygiene - The role of fasting
• Natural Hygiene - Theories pertaining to medicines
• Natural Hygiene - Natural Hygiene vs medical science
• Natural Hygiene - Natural Hygiene vs naturopathy
• Natural Hygiene - Training of practitioners

Read more here: » Natural Hygiene: Encyclopedia - Natural Hygiene

For the Boston area punk band see Siege (band). For the James Mason book see Siege (book) A siege is a prolonged military blockade and assault of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by force or attrition. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that refuses to surrender and cannot be easily taken by a frontal assault. Sieges usually involve surrounding the target and blocking the provision of supplies, typically coupled with siege engines, artillery bombardment or sapping (als ...

Including:

• Siege - Ancient and medieval siege warfare
• Siege - Mongol siege warfare
• Siege - Sieges in the age of gunpowder
• Siege - Emerging theories on improving fortifications
• Siege - New styles of fortresses employed
• Siege - Marshal Vauban
• Siege - Advent of mobile warfare
• Siege - Modern warfare
• Siege - Recent sieges
• Siege - Police actions
• Siege - Bibliography
• Siege - Notes

Read more here: » Siege: Encyclopedia - Siege

The term contagion may refer to: Disease Virus Pandemic The Star Trek:The Next Generation episode Contagion Other related archivesContagion, Disease, Pandemic, Star Trek:The Next Generation, Virus

Read more here: » Contagion: Encyclopedia - Contagion

Many political or economic emigrants move together with their families toward new regions or new countries where they hope to find peace or job opportunities not available to them in their original location. Throughout history a large number of emigrants return to their homelands, often after they have earned sufficient money in the other country. Sometimes these emigrants move to countries with big cultural differences and will always feel as guests in their destinations, and preserve their original culture, traditions and language, sometim ...

Including:

• Emigration - Push factors
• Emigration - Pull factors

Read more here: » Emigration: Encyclopedia - Emigration

Chelation therapy is a process involving the use of chelating agents such as EDTA to remove heavy metals from the body. It has uses in both conventional and alternative medicine. Chelation therapy - Discovery in medicine. Chelating agents were introduced into medicine as a result of the use of poison gas in World War I. The first widely used chelating agent was called British Anti-Lewisite, or BAL, a name given to dimercaprol. It is an organic compound related to the mercaptans, which are a class of sulfur- ...

Including:

• Chelation therapy - Discovery in medicine
• Chelation therapy - Uses in conventional medicine
• Chelation therapy - Uses in alternative medicine
• Chelation therapy - Calcium chelation therapy

Read more here: » Chelation therapy: Encyclopedia - Chelation therapy

Fibromyalgia has been studied since the early 1800s and referred to by a variety of former names, including muscular rheumatism and fibrositis. The term fibromyalgia was coined in 1976 to more accurately describe the symptoms, from the Greek my-, meaning muscle, and algia, meaning pain. Fibromyalgia was once considered an autoimmune disorder, but laboratory results reveal no disturbance of the immune system although reactivated viral infection has been identified in a subset of patients. It was also once re ...

See also:

Fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia - History, Fibromyalgia - Symptoms, Fibromyalgia - Diagnosis, Fibromyalgia - Differentials, Fibromyalgia - Treatment, Fibromyalgia - Living with fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia - Theories on the cause of fibromyalgia, Fibromyalgia - Sleep disturbance, Fibromyalgia - Deposition disease, Fibromyalgia - Other theories, Fibromyalgia - Comorbid diseases

Read more here: » Fibromyalgia: Encyclopedia II - Fibromyalgia - History

Vitis acerifolia Vitis aestivalis Vitis amurensis Vitis arizonica Vitis x bourquina Vitis californica Vitis x champinii Vitis cinerea Vitis x doaniana Vitis girdiana Vitis labrusca Vitis x labruscana Vitis monticola Vitis mustangensis Vitis x novae-angliae Vitis palmata Vitis riparia Vitis rotundifoliaIncluding:

• Grape - Raisins Currants and Sultanas
• Grape - Seedlessness in grapes

Read more here: » Grape: Encyclopedia - Grape

Although diabetes has been recognized since antiquity, and treatments were known since the Middle Ages, the elucidation of the pathogenesis of diabetes occurred mainly in the 20th century6. Until 1921, when insulin was first discovered and made clinically available, a clinical diagnosis of what we now call type 1 diabetes was an invariable death sentence, more or less quickly. Non-progressing type 2 diabetics almost certainl ...

See also:

Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes mellitus - History, Diabetes mellitus - Causes and types, Diabetes mellitus - The role of insulin, Diabetes mellitus - Types, Diabetes mellitus - Genetics, Diabetes mellitus - Diagnosis, Diabetes mellitus - Signs and symptoms, Diabetes mellitus - Diagnostic approach, Diabetes mellitus - Criteria for diagnosis, Diabetes mellitus - Glucose Monitoring, Diabetes mellitus - Diabetic ketoacidosis and coma, Diabetes mellitus - Hypoglycemia, Diabetes mellitus - Long-term complications, Diabetes mellitus - Management of the disease, Diabetes mellitus - Diabetic Nutrition, Diabetes mellitus - Curing diabetes, Diabetes mellitus - Biological, Diabetes mellitus - Mechanical, Diabetes mellitus - Public health policy and health economics, Diabetes mellitus - Statistics, Diabetes mellitus - Etymology

Read more here: » Diabetes mellitus: Encyclopedia II - Diabetes mellitus - History