Diamond is one of the two best known forms (or allotropes) of carbon, whose hardness and high dispersion of light make it useful for industrial applications and jewelry (the other equally well known allotrope is graphite). Diamonds are specifically renowned as a mineral with superlative physical qualities - they make excellent abrasives because they can only be scratched by other diamonds, which also means they hold a polish extremely well and retain luster. About 130 million carats (26,000 kg) are mined annually ...

Including:

• Diamond - Material properties
• Diamond - Mechanical properties
• Diamond - Electromagnetic properties
• Diamond - Media
• Diamond - Natural history
• Diamond - Formation
• Diamond - Surfacing
• Diamond - Gemological characteristics
• Diamond - Carat
• Diamond - Clarity
• Diamond - Color
• Diamond - Cut
• Diamond - Cleaning
• Diamond - History
• Diamond - Record-holding diamonds
• Diamond - The diamond industry
• Diamond - Gem diamond industry
• Diamond - Industrial diamond industry
• Diamond - Diamond supply chain
• Diamond - Synthetics simulants and enhancements
• Diamond - Symbolism

Read more here: » Diamond: Encyclopedia - Diamond

See also:

Diamond, Diamond - Material properties, Diamond - Mechanical properties, Diamond - Electromagnetic properties, Diamond - Media, Diamond - Natural history, Diamond - Formation, Diamond - Surfacing, Diamond - Gemological characteristics, Diamond - Carat, Diamond - Clarity, Diamond - Color, Diamond - Cut, Diamond - Cleaning, Diamond - History, Diamond - Record-holding diamonds, Diamond - The diamond industry, Diamond - Gem diamond industry, Diamond - Industrial diamond industry, Diamond - Diamond supply chain, Diamond - Synthetics simulants and enhancements, Diamond - Symbolism

Read more here: » Diamond: Encyclopedia II - Diamond - The diamond industry

The Diamond BP4, whose development was begun in January 1972, had the same first and third stage as the Diamond B. Its second stage, which was derived from the MSBS rocket, was 2.28 meters long and 1.5 meters in diameter and developed a thrust of 180 kN for 55 seconds. ...

See also:

Diamond rocket, Diamond rocket - Diamond A, Diamond rocket - Diamond B, Diamond rocket - Diamond BP4, Diamond rocket - Launch log

Read more here: » Diamond rocket: Encyclopedia II - Diamond rocket - Diamond BP4

Diamond

Diamond is the gemstone recommended for Venus. It increases artistic and creative abilities. It can also lead toward love and devotion in relationships and may also increase passion and sexual desires. Physically, it strengthens the reproductive system, and is said to aid in the treatment of chronic diseases. White, or colorless, sapphire is a good substitute for diamond and may be used in the same manner.

Read more here: » Gemstones Crystals: Gemstones Crystals - Diamond

The Cullinan Diamond, found by Frederick Wells, surface manager of the Premier Diamond Mining Company in Cullinan, Gauteng, South Africa on June 25 1905, is the largest rough gem-quality diamond ever found, at 3,106.75 carats (621.35 g). Although a carbonado found in Brazil weighed more than 3,600 carats (720 g), no gem-quality material could be extracted from it. The stone was named after Sir Thomas Cullinan, the owner of the diamond mine. The stone was bought by the Transvaal government and presented to King Edward VII. It wa ...

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The use of diamonds as gemstones of decorative value is the most familiar use to most people today, and is also the earliest use, with decorative use of diamonds stretching back into antiquity. The dispersion of white light into a rainbow of colors, known in the trade as fire, is the other primary characteristic of gem diamonds, and has been highly prized throughout history. Over time, especially since around 1900, experts in the field of gemology have developed methods of characterizing diamonds and other gemstones based on th ...

See also:

Diamond, Diamond - Material properties, Diamond - Mechanical properties, Diamond - Electromagnetic properties, Diamond - Media, Diamond - Natural history, Diamond - Formation, Diamond - Surfacing, Diamond - Gemological characteristics, Diamond - Carat, Diamond - Clarity, Diamond - Color, Diamond - Cut, Diamond - Cleaning, Diamond - History, Diamond - Record-holding diamonds, Diamond - The diamond industry, Diamond - Gem diamond industry, Diamond - Industrial diamond industry, Diamond - Diamond supply chain, Diamond - Synthetics simulants and enhancements, Diamond - Symbolism

Read more here: » Diamond: Encyclopedia II - Diamond - Gemological characteristics

Brilliant is one of the most used cuts for diamonds. Even with modern techniques, the cutting and polishing of a diamond crystal always results in a dramatic loss of weight; rarely is it less than 50%. The round brilliant cut is preferred when the crystal is an octahedron, as often two stones may be cut from one such crystal. Oddly shaped crystals such as macles are more likely to be cut in a fancy cut—that is, a cut other than the round brilliant—which the particular crystal shape lends itself to. Bril ...

Including:

• Brilliant diamond cut - History
• Brilliant diamond cut - Facet proportions and names
• Brilliant diamond cut - Cut grading

Read more here: » Brilliant diamond cut: Encyclopedia - Brilliant diamond cut

The Diamond Sutra (Vajracchedika-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra), "The Perfection of Wisdom Sutra that Cuts like a Thunderbolt," is a short Mahayana sutra of the Perfection of Wisdom genre, which teaches the practice of the avoidance of abiding in extremes of mental attachment. A copy of the Diamond Sutra, found sealed in a cave in China in the early 20th century, is the oldest known dated printed book, with a printed date of 868. Since it can be read in approximately forty minutes, the Diamond Sutra is often memorized and ch ...

Read more here: » Diamond Sutra: Encyclopedia - Diamond Sutra

A conflict diamond (also called a blood diamond or a war diamond) is a diamond mined in a war zone and sold, usually clandestinely, in order to finance an insurgent or invading army's war efforts. Non-governmental organizations have also alleged the use of these diamonds in financing the September 11, 2001 attacks. The United Nations has decried the sale of conflict diamonds, arguing that their trade finances armies in fighting against legitimate governments and perpetrating human rights abuses, and prolongs devas ...

Including:

• Conflict diamond - Conflict Diamond References in Popular Culture

Read more here: » Conflict diamond: Encyclopedia - Conflict diamond

The Argyle diamond mine is a diamond mine located in Australia. The Argyle mine is the largest diamond producer in the world by volume, although due to the low proportion of gem-quality diamonds, is not the leader by value. It is the only known significant source of pink diamonds, producing 90 to 95 % of the world's supply. The Argyle diamond mine is also notable for being the first commercial diamond mine exploiting a volcanic pipe of lamproite, rather than the more usual kimberlite pipe. The mine is owned by the Rio Tinto Group, a d ...

Including:

• Argyle diamond mine - Description
• Argyle diamond mine - Location
• Argyle diamond mine - Geology
• Argyle diamond mine - Production
• Argyle diamond mine - Diamond characteristics
• Argyle diamond mine - Reserves
• Argyle diamond mine - Economics
• Argyle diamond mine - History

Read more here: » Argyle diamond mine: Encyclopedia - Argyle diamond mine

Crystallographic defects in the crystal lattice of diamond are common; they may be the result of extrinsic substitutional impurities, or intrinsic (interstitial and structural) anomalies. All diamonds possess crystal lattice defects of some sort; the defects themselves may be either anthropogenic or natural, epigenetic or syngenetic. The material properties of diamond are affected by these defects and determine to which type a diamond is assigned; the most dramatic effects are o ...

Including:

• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Extrinsic defects
• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Nitrogen
• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Boron
• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Intrinsic defects
• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Vacancies
• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Dislocations
• Crystallographic defects in diamond - Effects of HTHP on defects

Read more here: » Crystallographic defects in diamond: Encyclopedia - Crystallographic defects in diamond

Aggregated diamond nanorods, or ADNRs, are an allotrope of carbon believed to be the least compressible material known to humankind, as measured by its isothermal bulk modulus; aggregated diamond nanorods have a modulus of 491 gigapascals (GPa), while a conventional diamond has a modulus of 442 GPa. ADNRs are also 0.3% denser than regular diamond. The ADNR material is also harder than type IIa diamond and ultrahard fullerite. A process to produce the substance was discovered by physicists in Germany, led by Natalia Dubrovinskai ...

Read more here: » Aggregated diamond nanorods: Encyclopedia - Aggregated diamond nanorods

David Leo Diamond (July 9, 1915 – June 13, 2005) was an American composer of classical music. He was born in Rochester, New York and studied at the Cleveland Institute of Music and the Eastman School of Music under Bernard Rogers, also receiving lessons from Roger Sessions in New York City and Nadia Boulanger in Paris. He won a number of awards including three Guggenheim Fellowships, and is considered one of the preeminent American composers of his gener ...

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The affair of the diamond necklace was a mysterious incident in the 1780s at the court of Louis XVI of France involving the queen Marie Antoinette. It concerned an unsavoury episode in which the wife of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, whose reputation was already tarnished by gossip and scandal, was implicated in a crime by contemporary public opinion. The Affair was historically significant as one of the events that led to the French populace's disillusionment with the monarchy, which eventually culminated in the French Revolution. ...

Including:

• Affair of the diamond necklace - The necklace
• Affair of the diamond necklace - The story
• Affair of the diamond necklace - The scandal
• Affair of the diamond necklace - Significance
• Affair of the diamond necklace - The affair in fiction
• Affair of the diamond necklace - Reference

Read more here: » Affair of the diamond necklace: Encyclopedia - Affair of the diamond necklace

Diamond Way Buddhism is the name used to describe an international association of Buddhist centers founded by Lama Ole Nydahl, a Danish student of the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa. Diamond Way Buddhism - Lineage. Diamond Way Buddhism follows the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. Ole Nydahl, Shamar Rinpoche, Karma Kagyu Diamond Way Buddhism - Organization. The group claims 440 centers and groups in 52 countries, mainly in Europe, Russia and t ...

Including:

• Diamond Way Buddhism - Lineage
• Diamond Way Buddhism - Organization

Read more here: » Diamond Way Buddhism: Encyclopedia - Diamond Way Buddhism

The Urawa Red Diamonds (Japanese: 浦和レッドダイヤモンズ), also known as Urawa Reds (Japanese: 浦和レッズ), are one of the most popular football clubs in the J. League. Its hometown is Urawa-ku in the city of Saitama, Saitama. Their name comes from the logo of their owner, Mitsubishi, whose own name means three diamonds. Urawa has two home stadiums, Urawa Komaba Stadium and Saitama Stadium 2002 (FIFA World Cup 2002 venue). The club is also notable in that current Feyenoord midfielder Sh ...

Including:

• Urawa Red Diamonds - Current stars
• Urawa Red Diamonds - Former stars
• Urawa Red Diamonds - Title

Read more here: » Urawa Red Diamonds: Encyclopedia - Urawa Red Diamonds

Black Diamond Equipment, Ltd. is a company that produces climbing and outdoor gear. It's eventual founder, Yvon Chouinard, was born in 1939 and got his start in California making and selling piton climbing gear out of the back of his car. Soon, the demand exceeded his ability to meet it and he teamed up with Tom Frost, a climber and aeronautical engineer. The team of Chouinard and Frost, which would be come to be known as Chouinard Equipment Co., made numerous changes to existing climbing gear: improving it esthetically as well as functiona ...

Read more here: » Black Diamond climbing gear: Encyclopedia - Black Diamond climbing gear

Diamond, Diamond-heart The diamond is a symbol signifying the imperishable attributes of the cosmic quinta essentia -- the fifth essence of medieval mystics.

In Northern Buddhism, the unmanifest Logos, being too spiritual to manifest in material realms directly, sends into the world of manifestation its heart, the diamond heart (vajrasattva, dorjesempa) which is the manifest Logos, from which emanate the Third Logos which collectively is the seven cosmic dhyani-buddhas.

Manushya-buddhas, when their personality has become merged in atma-buddhi, are also called diamond-souled because of their spiritual approach to their cosmic prototype; otherwise they are mahatmas of the highest class.

(See also: Diamond, Diamond-heart, Mysticism, Mysticism Dictionary, Occultism, Occultism Dictionary)

Diamonds that enter the Gemological Institute of America's scale are valued according to their clarity. For example, an "E" rated diamond (colorless) is much more valuable than a "Y" rated diamond (light yellow or brown). This is due to two effects: high-color diamonds are rarer, limiting supply; and the bright white appearance of high-color diamonds is more desired by consumers, increasing demand. Poor color is usually not enough to eliminate the use of diamond as a gemstone: if other gemological characteristics of a stone are good, a low-color diamond can remain mor ...

See also:

Diamond color, Diamond color - Possible colors, Diamond color - Color intensity scale, Diamond color - Value of colored diamonds

Read more here: » Diamond color: Encyclopedia II - Diamond color - Value of colored diamonds

Synthetic diamond - HPHT diamond grit. Grit are single crystal diamond particles that range from approximately 1 millimeter down to 1 μm. Its suitability for different applications is determined not only by size, but also by shape and metal content. The more crystalline the grit is normally means higher strength, and lower metal content means better thermal properties, both important factors in abrasive applications. Grit is normally yellow in color stemming from nitrogen that is used in the HPHT process. It can also be made blue if boron is used. Synthet ...

See also:

Synthetic diamond, Synthetic diamond - History, Synthetic diamond - Manufacturing technologies, Synthetic diamond - High pressure high temperature HPHT, Synthetic diamond - Chemical vapor deposition CVD, Synthetic diamond - Synthetic diamond types, Synthetic diamond - HPHT diamond grit, Synthetic diamond - HPHT polycrystalline compact diamond PCD, Synthetic diamond - HPHT large single crystal diamond, Synthetic diamond - CVD polycrystalline diamond, Synthetic diamond - CVD single crystal diamond, Synthetic diamond - Applications, Synthetic diamond - Synthetic gems, Synthetic diamond - Notes

Read more here: » Synthetic diamond: Encyclopedia II - Synthetic diamond - Synthetic diamond types