Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Cash Flow
The payments between the parties may be determined by: the price of some other, independently traded asset in the future (e.g., a common...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Valuation
Derivative finance - Market price and Fair value. Two common measures of value are: Market price, ie. the price at which traders are w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Cash Flow
The payments between the parties may be determined by: the price of some other, independently traded asset in the future (e.g., a common...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia - Causality
The philosophical concept of causality or causation refers to the set of all particular "causal" or "cause-and-effect" relations. A neutr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hiding: Encyclopedia - Hiding
The word hiding has two completely different meanings, deriving from different roots (and etymologies?): from the verb to hide in the s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cosmic Distance Ladder: Encyclopedia - Cosmic Distance Ladder
The cosmic distance ladder refers to the methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. Each rung of the ladd...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cusp: Encyclopedia - Cusp
In common parlance, a cusp is an important moment usually regarded as a decision point upon which consequent events are determined. More ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Azimuthal Quantum Number: Encyclopedia - Azimuthal Quantum Number
The Azimuthal quantum number (or orbital angular momentum quantum number) symbolized as l is a quantum number for an atomic orbital which...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cladistics: Encyclopedia - Cladistics
Cladistics (Greek: klados = branch) is a branch of biology that determines the evolutionary relationships between living things based on ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Line: Encyclopedia - Line
The word line derives from the Latin linum, meaning flax plant from which linen is produced; at one time, a stretched linen thread was th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aibell: Encyclopedia - Aibell
In Irish mythology, Aibell (Aoibhell, Aeval) was a goddess or fairy queen of Munster. She determined if husbands were sexually satsifying...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bose-einstein Statistics: Encyclopedia - Bose-einstein Statistics
In statistical mechanics, Bose-Einstein statistics (or more colloquially B-E statistics) determines the statistical distribution of ident...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wronskian: Encyclopedia - Wronskian
In mathematics, the Wronskian is a function named after Polish mathematician Josef Hoene-Wronski, especially important in the study of di...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 65 Cybele: Encyclopedia - 65 Cybele
65 Cybele (sib'-a-lee) is one of the largest asteroids in the main belt. The Cybelian asteroids are named after it. As a C-type asteroid ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Astronomical Units Of Length: Encyclopedia - Astronomical Units Of Length
Astronomers typically use a number of different length units for different objects. The length unit used is typically determined by two c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ambulance Chaser: Encyclopedia - Ambulance Chaser
An ambulance chaser is a derogatory term for an unethical lawyer, especially those who represent plaintiffs in personal injury actions. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tyrannosauridae: Encyclopedia - Tyrannosauridae
See text Tyrannosaurids, tyrant lizards or members of the Tyrannosauridae are a carnivorous dinosaur family whose name is derived from th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Boundary Value Problem: Encyclopedia - Boundary Value Problem
In mathematics, a boundary value problem consists of a differential equation to be satisfied at all points in the interior of an interval...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Buoy: Encyclopedia - Buoy
A buoy is a floating device that can have various purposes, which determine whether the buoy is anchored (stationary) or allowed to drift...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Length Of An Arc: Encyclopedia - Length Of An Arc
Determining the length of an irregular arc segment—also called rectification of a curve—was historically difficult. Although many met...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Activated Carbon: Encyclopedia - Activated Carbon
Activated carbon (also called activated charcoal) is the more general term which includes carbon material mostly derived from charcoal. I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plankton: Encyclopedia - Plankton
Plankton are drifting organisms that inhabit the water column of oceans, seas, and bodies of fresh water. Plankton - Definitions. The na...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Valuation
Derivative finance - Market price and fair value. Two common measures of value are: Market price, ie. the price at which traders are w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Equity Derivative: Encyclopedia Ii - Equity Derivative - What Are Equity Derivatives?
A derivative is a financial tool whose value is derived from the value of an underlying asset. A derivative's value is principally determ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Equity Derivative: Encyclopedia Ii - Equity Derivative - Options - A Versatile Tool
Options are commonly regarded as being used for equities. However, they can be used for a wide range of assets eg. stocks, arbitrage, deb...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Types Of Derivatives
Derivative finance - OTC & Exchange-traded. Broadly speaking there are two distinct groups of derivative contracts, which are disti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Types Of Derivatives
Derivative finance - OTC and exchange-traded. Broadly speaking there are two distinct groups of derivative contracts, which are disting...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Opinions
Although there have been instances of massive losses, most notably by Long-Term Capital Management, these have not had repercussions. Fed...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Usages
Derivative finance - Insurance & Hedging. One use of derivatives is as a tool to transfer risk. For example, farmers can sell futur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Usages
Derivative finance - Insurance and hedging. One use of derivatives is as a tool to transfer risk. For example, farmers can sell futures...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Derivative Finance: Encyclopedia Ii - Derivative Finance - Opinions
Although there have been instances of massive losses, most notably by Long-Term Capital Management, these have not had repercussions. Fed...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Equity Derivative: Encyclopedia Ii - Equity Derivative - Convertible Bonds
Convertible bonds are a combination of bonds and equity. Convertible bonds are bonds with a maturity date and coupon, with a call option ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Einstein-hilbert Action: Encyclopedia Ii - Einstein-hilbert Action - Derivation Of Einstein's Field Equations
To derive the full field equations, it is natural to assume that an extra term - a matter Lagrangian (density) LM be added: The variat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Einstein-hilbert Action: Encyclopedia Ii - Einstein-hilbert Action - Cosmological Constant
Sometimes, a cosmological constant is added to the Lagrangian density so that the new action yields the field equations: ... See ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causality In Science And The Humanities
Using the Scientific method, scientists set up experiments to determine causality in the physical world. Certain elemental forces such as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Process Theories
Some theorists are interested in distinguishing between causal processes and non-causal processes (Russell 1948; Salmon 1984). These theo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causality In Psychology
The above theories are attempts to define a reflectively stable notion of causality. This process uses our standard causal intuitions to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causation In Religion And Theology
Causality - Cosmological argument. One of the classic arguments for the existence of God is known as the "Cosmological argument" or "Fi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causation In The History Of Philosophy
Causality - Aristotle. Aristotle suggested four types of cause for a thing that exists: Material, Efficient, Final and Formal. Take for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Necessary And Sufficient Causes
Causes are often distinguished into two types: necessary and sufficient. If x is a necessary cause of y, then y will only occur if preced...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Causality Contrasted With Logical Implication
Logical conditional statements are not statements of causality. Since logical conditional statements and causal statements are both prese...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Probabilistic Causation
Interpreting causation as a deterministic relation means that if A causes B, then A must always be followed by B. In this sense, war does...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Manipulation Theories
Some theorists have equated causality with manipulability (Collingwood 1940; Gasking 1955; Menzies and Price 1993; von Wright 1971). Unde...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Causality: Encyclopedia Ii - Causality - Counterfactual Theories Of Causation
The philosopher David Lewis notably suggested that all statements about causality can be understood as counterfactual statements (Lewis 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Spectrum: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Spectrum - Determining Political Spectra
The key assumption of such a spectrum is that people's view(s) on many issues correlate strongly, or that one essential issue subsumes or...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Spectrum: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Spectrum - Left And Right
See main article Left-Right politics In modern Western countries, the political spectrum usually is described along left-right lines. Thi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Spectrum: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Spectrum - Alternative Spectra
While the right-left spectrum is so common as to be taken for granted, numerous alternatives exist, usually having been developed by peop...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Spectrum: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Spectrum - Multi-axis Models
A one-axis model is highly over-simplified, and lumps together fairly different political propositions; in particular, as seen before, th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Deriving The Schwarzschild Solution: Encyclopedia Ii - Deriving The Schwarzschild Solution - Using The Field Equations To Find Ar And Br
To determine A and B, the vacuum field equations are employed: Only four of these equations are nontrivial and upon simplification bec...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Exterior Derivative: Encyclopedia Ii - Exterior Derivative - Properties
Exterior differentiation satisfies three important properties: linearity the wedge product rule (see antiderivation) and d2 =...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Equity Derivative: Encyclopedia Ii - Equity Derivative - Warrants
Warrants are part of the derivatives family as their value depends on the value of an underlying security. As such, the warrant investor ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - To Be Determined: Encyclopedia Ii - To Be Determined - Application
These acronyms are often used in early-to-mid-stage engineering project documentation and preliminary contracts in industry. Although use...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Laguerre's Method: Encyclopedia Ii - Laguerre's Method - Definition
Let x0 be an initial guess for the root to be determined. Laguerre's method tries to improve this approximation iteratively by using the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Euler Approximation: Encyclopedia Ii - Euler Approximation - Reasoning
Near any given xn, the function y(x) may be approximated by a line tangent to that point. Since the derivative at that point, y'(xn) = fn...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Christoffel Symbols: Encyclopedia Ii - Christoffel Symbols - Relations
Contracting indices together, one gets where |g| is the absolute value of the determinant of the metric tensor . Similarly, The cov...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - French Grammar: Encyclopedia Ii - French Grammar - Adverbs
Main article: French adverbs As in English, adverbs in French are used to modify adjectives, other adverbs, and verbs or clauses. Most ad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ordinary Differential Equation: Encyclopedia Ii - Ordinary Differential Equation - Existence And Nature Of Solutions
The problem of solving a differential equation is to find the function y whose derivatives satisfy the equation. For example, the differe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jacobian: Encyclopedia Ii - Jacobian - Jacobian Matrix
The Jacobian matrix is the matrix of all first-order partial derivatives of a vector-valued function. Its importance lies in the fact tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Calculus: Encyclopedia Ii - Calculus - Differential Calculus
The derivative measures the sensitivity of one variable to small changes in another variable. Consider the formula: for an object movi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Logarithm: Encyclopedia Ii - Logarithm - Uses Of Logarithms
Logarithms are useful in solving equations in which exponents are unknown. They have simple derivatives, so they are often used in the so...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Japanophile: Encyclopedia Ii - Japanophile - Wapanese
Wapanese is a slang term used primarily on some Internet message boards to describe a Caucasian person who either wishes s/he were of Jap...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Planetary Nebula: Encyclopedia Ii - Planetary Nebula - Current Issues In Planetary Nebula Studies
A long standing problem in the study of planetary nebulae is that in most cases, their distances are very poorly determined. For a very f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Beer Style: Encyclopedia Ii - Beer Style - Determining A Beer's Style
A major component of determining the type of beer is the yeast used in the fermentation process. Most beer styles fall into one of two la...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nautical Mile: Encyclopedia Ii - Nautical Mile - Associated Units
The derived unit of speed is the knot, defined as one nautical mile per hour. The term "knot" derived from the practice of using a knotte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Method Of Undetermined Coefficients: Encyclopedia Ii - Method Of Undetermined Coefficients - Example
For example, it is well known that this differential equation: has the following general solution: One might therefore hypothesize ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metric Tensor General Relativity: Encyclopedia Ii - Metric Tensor General Relativity - Curvature
The metric g completely determines the curvature of spacetime. According to the fundamental theorem of Riemannian geometry, there is a un...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metric Tensor General Relativity: Encyclopedia Ii - Metric Tensor General Relativity - Volume
Given arbitrary coordinates xμ of a manifold, the volume element is where g is the determinant of the matrix of components of the met...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Magic Number Physics: Encyclopedia Ii - Magic Number Physics - Derivation
Magic numbers are typically obtained by empirical studies, however if the form of the nuclear potential is known then the Schrodinger equ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gene Prediction: Encyclopedia Ii - Gene Prediction - Extrinsic Approaches
In extrinsic gene finding systems, the target genome is searched for sequences that are similar to extrinsic evidence in the form of the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Autopsy: Encyclopedia Ii - Autopsy - General Information
The term "autopsy" derives from the Greek for "to see for oneself". "Necropsy" is from the Greek for "seeing a dead body". There are two ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Theory Of Relativity: Encyclopedia Ii - Theory Of Relativity - Special Relativity
Einstein's 1905 paper, "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", introduced the special theory of relativity. Special relativity conside...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Runway: Encyclopedia Ii - Runway - Active Runway
An active runway is the runway at an airport that is in current use for all takeoffs and landings. Since takeoffs and landings are always...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lunar Exalted: Encyclopedia Ii - Lunar Exalted - Overview
The central premise of Exalted is that gods have the ability to infuse ordinary mortals with a shard of their divine soul, exalting the i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Princeps: Encyclopedia Ii - Princeps - Roman Emperor
Princeps (in this sense usually rendered translated as "First Citizen") was an official title of a Roman Emperor, by some historians seen...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kuge: Encyclopedia Ii - Kuge - Classification
In the 12th century among dojo conventional differences were established. They separated into some groups according to their offices at t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Plankton: Encyclopedia Ii - Plankton - Definitions
The name plankton is derived from the Greek term πλαγκτον, meaning "wanderer" or "drifter". While some forms of plankton are capa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Parsing: Encyclopedia Ii - Parsing - Types Of Parsers
The task of the parser is essentially to determine if and how the input can be derived from the start symbol within the rules of the form...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Protein Sequencing: Encyclopedia Ii - Protein Sequencing - The Edman Degradation Reaction
The peptide to be sequenced is adsorbed onto a solid surface - one common substrate is glass fibre coated with polybrene, a cationic poly...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hodge Dual: Encyclopedia Ii - Hodge Dual - Duality
The Hodge star defines a dual in that when it is applied twice, the result is an identity on the exterior algebra, up to sign. Given a k-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Metafilter: Encyclopedia Ii - Metafilter - Content
MetaFilter's name derives from the idea that weblogs "filter" the "best of the web", and MetaFilter posts (guidelines) would be the best ...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Underwriter: Insurance Terms Dictionary - Underwriter
Definition and meaning of Underwriter :   Underwriter: A technician trained in evaluating risks and determining rates and cover...   » Read the article

Dictionary - Underwriter: Insurance Terms Dictionary - Underwriter
Definition and meaning of Underwriter :   Underwriter: A technician trained in evaluating risks and determining rates and cover...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Greek Constitution: Encyclopedia Ii - Greek Constitution - The Constitution
Part I Fundamental Provisions Section I Form of Government Article 1 [Parliamentary Democracy] (1) Greece is a Parliamentary Democracy ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Multilinear Algebra: Encyclopedia Ii - Multilinear Algebra - Content Of Multilinear Algebra
The content of multilinear algebra has changed much less than the presentation, down the years. Here are further pages centrally relevant...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Big Bang: Encyclopedia Ii - Big Bang - History
The Big Bang theory developed from observations and theoretical considerations. Observationally, it was determined that most spiral nebul...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - H Ii Region: Encyclopedia Ii - H Ii Region - Current Issues In Studies Of H ii Regions
In common with planetary nebulae, determinations of the abundance of elements in H II regions are subject to some uncertainty. There...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sexual Differentiation: Encyclopedia Ii - Sexual Differentiation - Chromosomal Sex Differences
Humans have 46 chromosomes, including 2 sex chromosomes, XX in females and XY in males. It is obvious that the Y chromosome must carry at...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indian National Calendar: Encyclopedia Ii - Indian National Calendar - Calendar Structure
In leap years, Chaitra has 31 days and starts on March 21 instead. Like the Persian calendar, the months in the first half of the year al...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Raman Scattering: Encyclopedia Ii - Raman Scattering - Selection Rules
The distortion of a molecule in an electric field, and therefore the vibrational Raman cross section, is determined by its polarizability...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Indian National Calendar: Encyclopedia Ii - Indian National Calendar - Calendar Structure
In leap years, Chaitra has 31 days and starts on March 21 instead. The months in the first half of the year all have 31 days, to take int...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United States Budget Process: Encyclopedia Ii - United States Budget Process - Discretionary Vs. Mandatory Spending
Each function within the budget contains some line items as discretionary and some as mandatory spending. Discretionary spending requires...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Treaty Of San Francisco: Encyclopedia Ii - Treaty Of San Francisco - The Fate Of Japanese Overseas Territories
The document officially renounces Japan's treaty rights derived from the Boxer Protocol of 1901 and its rights to Korea, Formosa (Taiwan)...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ellipse: Encyclopedia Ii - Ellipse - Parametrisation
The size of an ellipse is determined by two constants, conventionally denoted a and b. The constant a equals the length of the semimajor ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bohr Model: Encyclopedia Ii - Bohr Model - Rydberg Formula
The Rydberg formula describes the transitions or quantum jumps between one energy level and another. When the electron moves from one ene...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Determinant: Encyclopedia Ii - Determinant - Applications
Determinants are used to characterize invertible matrices (namely as those matrices, and only those matrices, with non-zero determinants)...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Determinant: Encyclopedia Ii - Determinant - Determinants Of 2-by-2 Matrices
The 2×2 matrix has determinant . The interpretation when the matrix has real number entries is that this gives the area of the para...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Determinant: Encyclopedia Ii - Determinant - General Definition And Computation
Suppose is a square matrix. If A is a 1-by-1 matrix, then If A is a 2-by-2 matrix, then For a 3-by-3 matrix A, the formula is more com...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Determinant: Encyclopedia Ii - Determinant - Properties
The determinant is a multiplicative map in the sense that for all n-by-n matrices A and B. This is generalized by the Cauchy-Binet for...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Determinant: Encyclopedia Ii - Determinant - Example
Suppose we want to compute the determinant of We can go ahead and use the Leibniz formula directly: Alternatively...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Determinant: Encyclopedia Ii - Determinant - Generalizations And Related Functions
As was pointed out above, it is possible to unambiguously define the determinant of any linear map f : V → V, if V is a finite-dim...   » Read the article