Despotate of Morea

"Byzantium may be defined as a multi-ethnic empire that emerged as a Christian empire, soon comprised the Hellenized empire of the East and ended its thousand year history, in 1453, as a Greek Orthodox state: An empire that became a nation, almost by the modern meaning of the word".1 In the centuries following the Arab and Lombard conquests in the 7th century, its multi-ethnic (albeit not multi-national) nature remained even though its constituent parts in the Balkans and Asia Minor contained an overwhelmingly large Greek p ...

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The Eastern Roman Empire's loss of territory was offset to a degree by consolidation and an increased uniformity of rule. Emperor Heraclius fully Hellenized the Eastern Roman Empire by making Greek the official language, thus ending the last remnants of Latin and ancient Roman tradition within the empire. The use of Latin in government records, (Latin titles such as Augustus and the concept of the Eastern Roman Empire being one with Rome) fell into abeyance, which allowed the empire to pursue its own identity. Many historians mark the ...

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The Eastern Roman Empire was largely spared the difficulties of the west in the 3rd and 4th centuries (see Crisis of the Third Century) in part because urban culture was better established there and the initial invasions were attracted to the wealth of Rome. Throughout the 5th century, various invasions conquered the western half of the Roman Empire and at best only demanded tribute from the eastern half. Theodosius II fortified the walls of Constantinople, leaving the city impenetrable to attacks: it was to be preserved from foreign conques ...

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Two years after reclaiming the throne in 1451, Mehmed brought an end to the Byzantine Empire by capturing Constantinople in 1453 (during the well-known Siege of Constantinople). Other Byzantine possessions remained, including the Empire of Trebizond in northeastern Anatolia and the Despotate of Morea in the Peloponnisos. These last vestiges of Byzantium were absorbed by 1461. As Steven Runciman, a noted Byzantinist recounts, during the siege of Constantinople Mehmet promised his men "the women and boys of the city." Upon its conquest, ...

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Mehmed II, Mehmed II - Early reign, Mehmed II - Conquest of the Byzantine empire, Mehmed II - Kayser-i-Rûm, Mehmed II - Other Facts

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There is some uncertainty over the origin of the name "Morea", which is first recorded in the 10th century in Byzantine chronicles. As with many other things in the Balkans, part of the uncertainty stems from the political implications behind each suggested origin of the name. Popular belief in Greece today is that the name originates from the word moria, meaning mulberry, a common plant in the region. The use of a long 'o' (Μωρέα) i ...

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Morea, Morea - Origins of the name, Morea - History, Morea - Reference

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The municipality seat of Mystras is in Magoula. The community has a school and a square (plateia). ...

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After the conquest of Constantinople by the forces of the Fourth Crusade (1204), two groups of Franks undertook the occupation of the Morea. They created the Principality of Achaea, a largely Greek-inhabited statelet ruled by a Latin (Western) autocrat. In referring to the Peloponnese, they followed local practice and used the name "Morea". The most important prince in the Morea was Guillaume II de Villehardouin (1246–1278), who fortified Mistra (Mystras) near the site of Sparta in 1249. After losing the Battle of Pelagonia (1259) a ...

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He was born in Edirne (Adrianople, Jedreno), then a capital city of the Ottoman State, on March 30, 1432; his mother Huma Hatun was a daughter of Abd`Allah of Hum (a province encompassing SE part of modern day Bosnia and Hercegovina, NW part of Crna Gora / Montenegro and SW part of Serbia), Huma meaning a girl/woman from Hum. When Mehmed was 11 years old, as per the custom of Ottoman rulers before his time, he was sent to A ...

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He is also recognized as the first sultan to codify criminal and constitutional law long before Suleyman the Magnificent (also "the Lawmaker" or "Kanuni") and he thus established the classical image of the autocratic Ottoman sultan (padishah). After the fall of Constantinople, he founded many universities and colleges in the city, some of which are still active. It is claimed[citation needed] that he spoke about seven languages when he was 21 years old (the age he conquered Constantinople), and there are claims that the prophet of Islam praised him with a prophetic ...

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He is also recognized as the first sultan to codify criminal and constitutional law long before Suleyman the Magnificent (also "the Lawmaker" or "Kanuni") and he thus established the classical image of the autocratic Ottoman sultan (padishah). After the fall of Constantinople, he founded many universities and colleges in the city, some of which are still active. It is claimed[citation needed] that he spoke about seven languages when he was 21 years old (the age he conquered Constantinople), and early Ottoman h ...

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Mehmed II, Mehmed II - Early reign, Mehmed II - Conquest of the Byzantine empire, Mehmed II - Kayser-i-Rûm, Mehmed II - Other Facts

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"Byzantium may be defined as a multi-ethnic empire that emerged as a Christian empire, soon comprised the Hellenized empire of the East and ended its thousand year history, in 1453, as a Greek Orthodox state: An empire that became a nation, almost by the modern meaning of the word".1 In the centuries following the Arab and Lombard conquests in the 7th century, its multi-ethnic (albeit not multi-national) nature remained even though its constituent parts in the Balkans and Asia Minor contained an overwhelmingly large Greek p ...

See also:

Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - The term Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - Identity, continuity, and consciousness, Byzantine Empire - Origin, Byzantine Empire - Early history, Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I, Byzantine Empire - The fight for survival, Byzantine Empire - Golden era, Byzantine Empire - The Comneni and the Crusaders, Byzantine Empire - Underlying reasons for decline, Byzantine Empire - The Decline and Fall of the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - Legacy and importance, Byzantine Empire - Bibliography

Read more here: » Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia II - Byzantine Empire - Identity, continuity, and consciousness