Depression may refer to: Clinical depression, a medically-defined state of mind identified by clusters of symptoms such as markedly-decreased motivation, interest, libido, activity, sense of pleasure, ability to sleep, etc. Crucially, unlike a transitory depressive mood, it is also concomitant with sustained changes in the production and absorption of neurotransmitters in the brain. Depression (mood), an everyday term for a sad or low mood or the loss of pleasure, but not clustered with other symptoms of clinical

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Definition and meaning of depressed:

depressed - a body shape which is flattened dorso-ventrally, e.g., a ray, skate, monkfish

(Source: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) )

Also see these pages: Oceanography, Oceanography Sitemap, Coral Reef, Environment, Sustainability, Climate Change,

For more dictionary entries, see » Depression Dictionary

Clinical depression - Major Depression. Major Depression, or, more properly, 'Major Depressive Disorder' (MDD) is characterized by a severely depressed mood that persists for at least two weeks, and is generally recognized to contain an organic (chemical) component. Major Depressive Disorder is specified as either "a single episode" or "recurrent", as periods of depression may ...

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Clinical depression, Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms, Clinical depression - Types of depression, Clinical depression - Major Depression, Clinical depression - Other Categories of Depression, Clinical depression - The role of anxiety in depression, Clinical depression - Anxiety, Clinical depression - Hypomania, Clinical depression - Causes of depression, Clinical depression - Treatment, Clinical depression - Medication, Clinical depression - Psychotherapy, Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation, Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy, Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment, Clinical depression - Old methods, Clinical depression - Relapse, Clinical depression - Books, Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists, Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression, Clinical depression - Sources

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Acceptance Anger Anticipation Boredom Disgust Envy Fear Guilt Hate Hope Joy Jealousy Love Remorse Sadness Sorrow Surprise Depression, or, more properly, a depressed mood, refers to a state of non-clinical melacholia that is shorter than 2 weeks in duration and distinctly differentiated from a diagnosis of clinical Depression. A depressed mood is generally situational and reactive, and associated w ...

Including:

• Depression mood - Determinants of mood
• Depression mood - Environment
• Depression mood - Psychological Factors
• Depression mood - Physiological Considerations
• Depression mood - Adaptive benefits of depression

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Clinical Depression is state of sadness or melancholia that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individual's social functioning and/or activities of daily living (ADLs). The diagnosis may be applied when an individual meets a sufficient number of the symptomatic criteria for the Depression spectrum as suggested in the DSM-IV-TR or ICD-9/10. It is important to note that an individual may suffer from what is termed a "clinical depression" without fully meeting the criteria for a specific diagnosis on the Depression spect ...

Including:

• Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms
• Clinical depression - Types of depression
• Clinical depression - Anxiety and Stress in Depression
• Clinical depression - Mania and Hypomania in Depression
• Clinical depression - Causes of depression
• Clinical depression - Treatment
• Clinical depression - Medication
• Clinical depression - Psychotherapy
• Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation
• Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation
• Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy
• Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment
• Clinical depression - Old methods
• Clinical depression - Relapse
• Clinical depression - Books
• Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists
• Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression
• Clinical depression - Sources

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Negative thinking in depression can result from biological sources (i.e., endogenous depression), modeling from parents, peers, or other sources. The depressed person experiences negative thoughts as being beyond their control. The cognitive therapist provides techniques to give the client a greater degree of control over negative thinking by correcting "cognitive distortions" or correcting thinking errors that abet such distortions, in a process called cognitive restructuring. Negative thoughts in depression are generally about one of three areas: negative view of self, negative view of the world, and negative view of ...

See also:

Behavioral therapy, Behavioral therapy - Thoughts as the cause of emotions, Behavioral therapy - Cognitive behavioral therapy, Behavioral therapy - Depression, Behavioral therapy - The four column technique, Behavioral therapy - Treating depression with CBA

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Main articles: Depression, Great Depression Prior to the Great Depression a huge wave of investing in the stock market had taken place which created artificially high prices of stock. This process was driven by the fact that shares were being used as a collateral for loans in order to buy more stocks. When the economy showed signs of slowing and share prices plummeted, this caused an extensive domino effect. The investments lost their face value and the loans on them "went bad", which, among other things, triggered a crisis of ...

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Recession, Recession - Causes of recessions, Recession - Depression

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Main articles: Depression, Great Depression Prior to the Great Depression a huge wave of investing in the stock market had taken place which created artificially high prices of stock. This process was driven by the fact that shares were being used as a collateral for loans in order to buy more stocks. When the economy showed signs of slowing and share prices plummeted, this caused an extensive domino effect. The investments lost their face value and the loans on them "went bad", which, among other things, triggered a crisis of ...

See also:

Recession, Recession - Headline text, Recession - Depression

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Negative thinking in depression can result from biological sources (i.e., endogenous depression), modeling from parents, peers, or other sources. The depressed person experiences negative thoughts as being beyond their control. The cognitive therapist provides techniques to give the client a greater degree of control over negative thinking by correcting "cognitive distortions" or correcting thinking errors that abet such distortions, in a process called cognitive restructuring. Negative thoughts in depression are generally about one of three areas: negative view of self, negative view of the world, and negative view of t ...

See also:

Cognitive therapy, Cognitive therapy - The basics, Cognitive therapy - Thoughts as the cause of emotions, Cognitive therapy - Cognitive behavioral therapy, Cognitive therapy - Depression, Cognitive therapy - The four column technique, Cognitive therapy - Treating depression with CBA

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Wallace suffered from major depression triggered by accusations of libel and related lawsuit. He has seen a professional and taken different drugs to treat his illness. He explains: "At first I couldn't sleep, then I couldn't eat. I felt hopeless and I just couldn't cope… and then I just lost all perspective on things. You know, you become crazy. I had done a story for 60 Minutes on depression previously, but I had no idea that I was now experiencing it. Finally, I collapsed and ...

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Mike Wallace journalist, Mike Wallace journalist - Headline text, Mike Wallace journalist - Depression, Mike Wallace journalist - Notes, Mike Wallace journalist - External link

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Throughout the industrial world, cities were hard hit by the Great Depression that began in 1929. Cities in the great depression - Europe. Cities in the great depression - UK. In Britain the industrial areas were hard hit, as well as Wales. London and the southeast were relatively less hurt. In 1933, 30% of Glaswegians were unemployed due to severe decline in the heavy industry. There was widespread and long-term male unemployment, and in protest against this, 'hunger marches' were arr ...

Including:

• Cities in the great depression - Europe
• Cities in the great depression - UK
• Cities in the great depression - Germany: Berlin
• Cities in the great depression - France
• Cities in the great depression - Scholarly Sources
• Cities in the great depression - United States
• Cities in the great depression - Scholarly Secondary Sources

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Major Depression, or, more properly, 'Major Depressive Disorder' (MDD) is characterized by a severely depressed mood that persists for at least two weeks, and is generally recognized to contain an organic (chemical) component. Major Depressive Disorder is specified as either "a single episode" or "recurrent", as periods of depression may occur as discrete events or as recurrent over the lifespan. Diagnosticians recognize several sub-types of Major Depressive Disorder. Catatonic Features Specification - Catat ...

See also:

Clinical depression, Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms, Clinical depression - Types of depression, Clinical depression - Anxiety and Stress in Depression, Clinical depression - Mania and Hypomania in Depression, Clinical depression - Causes of depression, Clinical depression - Treatment, Clinical depression - Medication, Clinical depression - Psychotherapy, Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation, Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy, Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment, Clinical depression - Old methods, Clinical depression - Relapse, Clinical depression - Books, Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists, Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression, Clinical depression - Sources

Read more here: » Clinical depression: Encyclopedia II - Clinical depression - Types of depression

Clinical depression - Anxiety. The different types of Depression and Anxiety are classified separately by the DSM-IV-TR, with the exception of hypomania, which is included under the Bipolar Disorder category. Despite the different categories, depression and anxiety can indeed be co-occurring (occurring together, independently, and without mood congruence), or co-morbid (occurring together, with overlapping symptoms, and with mood congruence). In an effort to bridge the gap between the DSM-IV-TR categories and wha ...

See also:

Clinical depression, Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms, Clinical depression - Types of depression, Clinical depression - Major Depression, Clinical depression - Other Categories of Depression, Clinical depression - The role of anxiety in depression, Clinical depression - Anxiety, Clinical depression - Hypomania, Clinical depression - Causes of depression, Clinical depression - Treatment, Clinical depression - Medication, Clinical depression - Psychotherapy, Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation, Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy, Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment, Clinical depression - Old methods, Clinical depression - Relapse, Clinical depression - Books, Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists, Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression, Clinical depression - Sources

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The DSM-IV classifies depression and bipolar disorder as separate illnesses, but researchers such as Hagop Akiskal MD of the University of California, San Diego have found convincing evidence of hypomanic symptoms in depression. These symptoms, such as irritability, may not be sufficient in number to qualify as a hypomanic episode found in bipolar disorder, but may have a significant impact on the course of an individual’s depression. A study by Giovanni Cassano MD of the University of Pisa and his collaborators on the Spectrum Project found a correlation between lifetime hypomanic and manic sympt ...

See also:

Clinical depression, Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms, Clinical depression - Types of depression, Clinical depression - Anxiety and Stress in Depression, Clinical depression - Mania and Hypomania in Depression, Clinical depression - Causes of depression, Clinical depression - Treatment, Clinical depression - Medication, Clinical depression - Psychotherapy, Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation, Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy, Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment, Clinical depression - Old methods, Clinical depression - Relapse, Clinical depression - Books, Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists, Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression, Clinical depression - Sources

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Main Article: Causes of the Great Depression Theories from mainstream capitalist economics focus on the relationship between production, consumption and credit, as embodied in macro-economics and on personal incentives and purchasing decisions as embodied in micro-economics. In these theories attempts are made to order the sequence of events which imploded the industrialized world's monetary system and its trade relationships. Theories from Marxist economics focus on the relation ...

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Great Depression, Great Depression - Causes of the Great Depression, Great Depression - Responses, Great Depression - Daily Life in the United States during the Depression, Great Depression - International effects, Great Depression - Asia, Great Depression - End of the Great Depression, Great Depression - In the United States, Great Depression - Political Perspectives on Causes and Cures, Great Depression - The New Deal and Keynesian economics, Great Depression - The recession of 1937 and recovery, Great Depression - Films and TV

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Great Depression - In the United States. For further details, see the main New Deal article. It was not until the United States entered World War II that Roosevelt's ideas for massive public expenditures and deficit spending truly began to bear fruit. Roosevelt's administration, of course, had little choice but to increase expenditures, given the war effort. Even given the special circumstances of war mobilization, New Deal policies seemed to work exactly as predicted, winning over many Republicans, ...

See also:

Great Depression, Great Depression - Causes of the Great Depression, Great Depression - Responses, Great Depression - Daily Life in the United States during the Depression, Great Depression - International effects, Great Depression - Asia, Great Depression - End of the Great Depression, Great Depression - In the United States, Great Depression - Political Perspectives on Causes and Cures, Great Depression - The New Deal and Keynesian economics, Great Depression - The recession of 1937 and recovery, Great Depression - Films and TV

Read more here: » Great Depression: Encyclopedia II - Great Depression - End of the Great Depression

Great Depression - In the United States. For further details, see the main New Deal article. It was not until the United States entered World War II that Roosevelt's ideas for massive public expenditures and deficit spending truly began to bear fruit. Roosevelt's administration, of course, had little choice but to increase expenditures, given the war effort. Many of the New Deal policies seemed to work exactly as predicted, winning over many Republicans, who had been the New Deal's greatest opponent ...

See also:

Great Depression, Great Depression - Overview, Great Depression - Responses, Great Depression - Daily Life in the United States during the Depression, Great Depression - International effects, Great Depression - Asia, Great Depression - End of the Great Depression, Great Depression - In the United States, Great Depression - Political Perspectives on Causes and Cures, Great Depression - The New Deal and Keynesian economics, Great Depression - The recession of 1937 and recovery, Great Depression - Films and TV

Read more here: » Great Depression: Encyclopedia II - Great Depression - End of the Great Depression

Great Depression - In the United States. For further details, see the main New Deal article. It was not until the United States entered World War II that Roosevelt's ideas for massive public expenditures and deficit spending appeared to work. Roosevelt's administration, of course, had little choice but to increase expenditures, given the war effort. Many of the New Deal policies seemed to work exactly as predicted, winning over many Republicans, who had been the New Deal's greatest opponents. By the ...

See also:

Great Depression, Great Depression - Overview, Great Depression - Responses, Great Depression - Daily Life in the United States during the Depression, Great Depression - International effects, Great Depression - Asia, Great Depression - End of the Great Depression, Great Depression - In the United States, Great Depression - Political Perspectives on Causes and Cures, Great Depression - The New Deal and Keynesian economics, Great Depression - The recession of 1937 and recovery, Great Depression - Films and TV

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Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists. Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., Emery, G. (1987). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford. Burns, David D. (1999). Feeling Good : The New Mood Therapy. Avon. Klein, D. F., & Wender, P. H. (1993). Understanding depression: A complete guide to its diagnosis and treatment. New York: Oxford University Press. Kramer, Peter D (2005). Against Depression. New York: Viking Ad ...

See also:

Clinical depression, Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms, Clinical depression - Types of depression, Clinical depression - Major Depression, Clinical depression - Other Categories of Depression, Clinical depression - The role of anxiety in depression, Clinical depression - Anxiety, Clinical depression - Hypomania, Clinical depression - Causes of depression, Clinical depression - Treatment, Clinical depression - Medication, Clinical depression - Psychotherapy, Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation, Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy, Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment, Clinical depression - Old methods, Clinical depression - Relapse, Clinical depression - Books, Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists, Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression, Clinical depression - Sources

Read more here: » Clinical depression: Encyclopedia II - Clinical depression - Books

Treatment of depression varies broadly, and is different for each individual. Various types and combinations of treatments may have to be tried. There are two primary modes of treatment, typically employed in conjunction with one another: medication and psychotherapy. A third treatment, electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) may be used where chemical treatment fails. Other alternative treatments used for depression include exercise and the use of v ...

See also:

Clinical depression, Clinical depression - Signs and symptoms, Clinical depression - Types of depression, Clinical depression - Anxiety and Stress in Depression, Clinical depression - Mania and Hypomania in Depression, Clinical depression - Causes of depression, Clinical depression - Treatment, Clinical depression - Medication, Clinical depression - Psychotherapy, Clinical depression - Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Clinical depression - Vagus nerve stimulation, Clinical depression - Electroconvulsive therapy, Clinical depression - Other methods of treatment, Clinical depression - Old methods, Clinical depression - Relapse, Clinical depression - Books, Clinical depression - Books by psychologists/psychiatrists, Clinical depression - Books by persons suffering or having suffered from depression, Clinical depression - Sources

Read more here: » Clinical depression: Encyclopedia II - Clinical depression - Treatment