Programmed cell death has been classified into two main types: Apoptosis (or Type I cell death), is a particular form of programmed cell death and is described in that article. Autophagic (a.k.a. cytoplasmic, or Type II) cell death, characterized by the formation of large vacuoles that eat away organelles in a specific sequence before the nucleus is destroyed. (See Lawrence M. Schwartz et al.: "Do All Programmed Cell Deaths Occur Via Apoptosis?", PNAS 90(3) p. 980, 1 February. 1993[1]; and, for a mo ...

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Programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Types of programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in plant tissue, Programmed cell death - PCD in pollen prevents inbreeding, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in slime moulds, Programmed cell death - Evolutionary origin of PCD, Programmed cell death - Sources

Read more here: » Programmed cell death: Encyclopedia II - Programmed cell death - Types of programmed cell death

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Programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Types of programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in plant tissue, Programmed cell death - PCD in pollen prevents inbreeding, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in slime moulds, Programmed cell death - Evolutionary origin of PCD, Programmed cell death - Sources

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The social slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum has the peculiarity of adopting either a predatory amoeba-like behavior in its unicellular form, or coalescing into a mobile slug-like form when subjected to food deprivation. The slug proceeds to grow a stalk, and, on top of it, a fruiting body that can disperse spores that will give birth to the next generation of ground-living, amoebae-like D. discoideum individuals[6]. The stalk is composed of dead cells that have undergone a type of PCD that shares many features of aut ...

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Programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Types of programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in plant tissue, Programmed cell death - PCD in pollen prevents inbreeding, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in slime moulds, Programmed cell death - Evolutionary origin of PCD, Programmed cell death - Sources

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Death is the cessation of physical life in a living organism, or the state of the organism after that event. Death - Interpretations of death. In almost all societies, death has one or several symbols associated with it. Common symbols of death in Western cultures include the grim reaper and the color black; conversely, in certain Eastern cultures, the color white is considered symbolic of death. The grave is a metonym for death. Biologically, death can occur to wholes, to parts, or to both. For exam ...

Including:

Death - Interpretations of death Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal Death - When is a person dead? Death - The process of dying
Death - Cell death Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying
Death - Signs of approaching death
Death - When death is imminent Death - When death occurs
Death - Causes of death in the United States
Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002
Death - What happens to humans after death?
Death - Physiological consequences of human death Death - Settlement of dead human bodies
Death - Personification of death Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

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Biologists had long suspected that mitochondria originated from bacteria that had been incorporated as endosymbionts (that is, a living body "living together inside") of larger, eukaryotic cells. It was Lynn Margulis who, since 1967, began championing this theory, that has since been widely accepted (see "The Birth of Complex Cells", by Christian de Duve, Scientific American Vol. 274, 4, April, 1996). The most convincing evidence for this theory is the fact that mitochondria have their own D ...

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Programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Types of programmed cell death, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in plant tissue, Programmed cell death - PCD in pollen prevents inbreeding, Programmed cell death - Programmed cell death in slime moulds, Programmed cell death - Evolutionary origin of PCD, Programmed cell death - Sources

Read more here: » Programmed cell death: Encyclopedia II - Programmed cell death - Evolutionary origin of PCD

Telencephalon - Purpose. Programmed Cell Death (PCD) is not uncommon within the telencephalon or it's sub-regions. It is thought to be one of the processes by which growth and differentation grows, and is a universal feature of the embryonic and postnatal central nervous system [1], and has been noted to be at work within the telencephalons of animals such as rats, mice, and other vermin. In some animals such as the mo ...

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Telencephalon, Telencephalon - Structure, Telencephalon - Composition, Telencephalon - Functions, Telencephalon - Language and communication, Telencephalon - Movement, Telencephalon - Olfaction, Telencephalon - Memory, Telencephalon - Emotion, Telencephalon - Programmed cell death, Telencephalon - Purpose, Telencephalon - Effects, Telencephalon - Stages, Telencephalon - Cell regeneration, Telencephalon - Xenopus laevis

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The telencephalon (te-len-seff-a-lon) is the technical name for a large region within the brain which is attributed many functions, which some groups would class as unique features which make humans stand out from other species. Many people refer to it as the cerebrum, but due to naming conventions of organs, is technically refered to as the telencephalon. As a more technical definition, the telencephalon refers to the cerebral hemispheres and other, smaller structures within the brain, despite the fact tha ...

Including:

Telencephalon - Structure Telencephalon - Composition Telencephalon - Functions
Telencephalon - Language and communication Telencephalon - Movement Telencephalon - Olfaction Telencephalon - Memory Telencephalon - Emotion
Telencephalon - Programmed cell death
Telencephalon - Purpose Telencephalon - Effects Telencephalon - Stages
Telencephalon - Cell regeneration
Telencephalon - Xenopus laevis

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Cell biology (also called cellular biology or cytology, from the Greek kytos, "container") is an academic discipline which studies cells. This includes their physiological properties such as their structure and the organelles they contain, their environment and interactions, their life cycle, division and function (physiology) and eventual death. This is done both on a microscopic and molecular level, and cell biology researches both single-celled organisms like bacteria and specia ...

Including:

Cell biology - Processes in cell biology
Cell biology - Movement of proteins
Cell biology - Techniques
Cell biology - Purification of cells and their parts

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Cellular pathology is the branch of general pathology studying the cellular basis of disease. Various normal functions of cell growth, metabolism, and division can fail or work in abnormal ways and lead to various diseases such as cancers. Various topics are studied by cellular pathologists: organelle pathology cell death necrosis apoptosis cellular injury and response cell ageing ...

Including:

Cellular pathology - External link

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Cryopreservation, is a process where cells or whole tissues are preserved by cooling to low sub-zero temperatures, such as (typically) -80°C or -196°C (the boiling point of liquid nitrogen). At these low temperatures, any biological activity, including the biochemical reactions that would lead to cell death is effectively stopped. However, when vitrification solutions are not used, the cells being preserved are often damaged due to freezing during the appro ...

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In pathology, a carcinogen is any substance or agent that promotes cancer. Carcinogens are also often, but not necessarily, mutagens or teratogens. Carcinogens may cause cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with normal biological processes. Usually cells are able to detect this and attempt to repair the DNA; if they cannot, they may undergo programmed cell death to protect the organism. However, when the damage interferes with genes responsible for programmed cell death or p ...

Including:

Carcinogen - IARC classification of carcinogens

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Sterilization can mean: Sterilization (surgical procedure) - an operation which renders an animal or human unable to procreate Sterilization (microbiology) - the elimination of microbiological organisms It can also mean the death of sperm cells due to radiation. Other related archivesSterilization (microbiology), Sterilization (surgical procedure), radiation, sperm cells

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Acute tubular necrosis or (ATN) is a medical condition involving the death of tubular cells that form the tubule that transports urine to the ureters while reabsorbing 99% of the water (and highly concentrating the salts and metabolic byproducts). Tubular cells continually replace themselves and if the cause of ATN is removed then recovery is likely. ATN presents with acute renal failure ...

Including:

Acute tubular necrosis - Toxic ATN Acute tubular necrosis - External link

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Carcinogenesis (meaning literally, the creation of cancer) is the process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. Carcinogenesis - Introduction. Cell division (proliferation) is a physiological process that occurs in almost all tissues and under many circumstances. Normally homeostasis, the balance between proliferation and programmed cell death, usually in the form of apoptosis, is maintained by tightly regulating both processes to ensure the integrity of organs and tissues. Mutatio ...

Including:

Carcinogenesis - Introduction Carcinogenesis - Properties of malignant cells Carcinogenesis - Mechanisms of carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis - Proto-oncogenes Carcinogenesis - Tumor suppressor genes Carcinogenesis - Multiple mutations Carcinogenesis - Role of genetic damage Carcinogenesis - Non-mutagenic carcinogens Carcinogenesis - Role of viral infections Carcinogenesis - Etiology
Carcinogenesis - Non-mainstream theories

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Bacterial growth is the process in which from a bacterial cell, two equivalent daughter cells are produced. In autecological studies, bacterial growth can be modeled with four different phases: lag phase (A), exponential or log phase (B), stationary phase (C), and death phase (D). Growth is shown as L = log(numbers) where numbers is the number of colony forming units per ml, versus T (time.) During lag phase, bacteria adapt themselves to growth conditions. It is the period where the indi ...

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In biology, apoptosis (from the Greek words apo = from and ptosis = falling, commonly pronounced ap-a-tow'-sis[1]) is one of the main types of programmed cell death (PCD). As such, it is a process of deliberate life relinquishment by an unwanted cell in a multicellular organism. In contrast to necrosis, which is a form of cell death that results from acute cellular injury, apoptosis is carried out in an ordered process that generally confers advantages during an organism's life cycle. For ...

Including:

Apoptosis - Functions of apoptosis
Apoptosis - Cell damage or infection Apoptosis - Response to stress or DNA damage Apoptosis - Homeostasis Apoptosis - Development Apoptosis - Immune cell regulation
Apoptosis - Apoptotic process
Apoptosis - Morphology Apoptosis - Biochemical signals for safe disposal Apoptosis - Intrinsic and extrinsic inducers Apoptosis - Biochemical execution
Apoptosis - Implication and role of apoptosis in diverse pathologies
Apoptosis - Apoptosis and HIV progression Apoptosis - Apoptosis and the role of interferon in tumor suppression Apoptosis - Cancer and defective apoptotic pathways Apoptosis - Role of apoptotic products in tumor immunity
Apoptosis - Laboratory assays for apoptosis Apoptosis - History and highlights in apoptosis research
Apoptosis - Early research and the worm people at Cambridge Apoptosis - Coining of the term apoptosis Apoptosis - 1988 Apoptosis - 1990s and later
Apoptosis - Etymology

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A cardiac arrest is the cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract effectively during systole. The resulting lack of blood supply results in cell death from oxygen starvation. Cerebral hypoxia, or lack of oxygen supply to the brain, causes victims to lose consciousness and stop breathing. Cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that, if left untreated, invariably leads to death within seconds to minutes. The primary first-aid treatment for cardiac arrest is cardiopulm ...

Including:

Cardiac arrest - Etiology Cardiac arrest - Treatable causes Cardiac arrest - Diagnosis Cardiac arrest - Treatment
Cardiac arrest - First aid Cardiac arrest - Other prehospital care Cardiac arrest - Hospital treatment
Cardiac arrest - Ethical Issues

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Telencephalon - Xenopus laevis. In a study of the telencephalon conducted in Hokkaido University on African clawed frogs (xenopus laevis)[2], it was discovered that during larval stages the telencephalon was able to regenerate around half of the anterior portion (otherwise known as partially truncated), after a reconstruction o ...

See also:

Telencephalon, Telencephalon - Structure, Telencephalon - Composition, Telencephalon - Functions, Telencephalon - Language and communication, Telencephalon - Movement, Telencephalon - Olfaction, Telencephalon - Memory, Telencephalon - Emotion, Telencephalon - Programmed cell death, Telencephalon - Purpose, Telencephalon - Effects, Telencephalon - Stages, Telencephalon - Cell regeneration, Telencephalon - Xenopus laevis

Read more here: » Telencephalon: Encyclopedia II - Telencephalon - Cell regeneration

The telencephalon comprises what most people think of as the "brain". It lies on top of the brainstem and is the largest and most well-developed of the 5 major divisions of the brain. Phylogenetically it is the newest structure, with mammals having the largest and most well-developed among all species. It emerges from the prosencephalon, the first of three vesicles that form from the embryonic neural tube. Originally there was thought to be four divisions of the telencephalon, although through later reasearch other sub-divisions were described. This four-division scheme is ...

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Telencephalon, Telencephalon - Structure, Telencephalon - Composition, Telencephalon - Functions, Telencephalon - Language and communication, Telencephalon - Movement, Telencephalon - Olfaction, Telencephalon - Memory, Telencephalon - Emotion, Telencephalon - Programmed cell death, Telencephalon - Purpose, Telencephalon - Effects, Telencephalon - Stages, Telencephalon - Cell regeneration, Telencephalon - Xenopus laevis

Read more here: » Telencephalon: Encyclopedia II - Telencephalon - Composition

Note: As the telencephalon is a gross division with many subdivisions and sub-reigons, it is important to state that this section lists the functions which the telencephalon as a whole serves. Telencephalon - Language and communication. Speech and language are mainly attributed to parts of the cerebral cortex, which is one portion of the telencephalon. Motor portions of language are attributed to Broca's area within the frontal lobe. Speech comprehension is attributed to Wernicke's area which ...

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Telencephalon, Telencephalon - Structure, Telencephalon - Composition, Telencephalon - Functions, Telencephalon - Language and communication, Telencephalon - Movement, Telencephalon - Olfaction, Telencephalon - Memory, Telencephalon - Emotion, Telencephalon - Programmed cell death, Telencephalon - Purpose, Telencephalon - Effects, Telencephalon - Stages, Telencephalon - Cell regeneration, Telencephalon - Xenopus laevis

Read more here: » Telencephalon: Encyclopedia II - Telencephalon - Functions