David Duke

1909: On February 12, the National Negro Committee was formed. Founders included Ida Wells-Barnett, W.E.B. DuBois, Henry Moscowitz, Mary White Ovington, Oswald Garrison Villiard, William English Walling. 1910: The NAACP began court fights with the Pink Franklin case. It involved a black farmhand, who killed a policeman in self-defense when the officer broke into his home at 3 a.m. to arrest him on a civil charge. 1913: The NAACP protested President Woodrow Wilson's official introduction of segr ...

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NAACP, NAACP - Organization, NAACP - History, NAACP - Fighting Jim Crow, NAACP - Desegregation, NAACP - The 1990s: Crisis and restored strength, NAACP - Critics and supporters, NAACP - Bush declines to speak to the NAACP, NAACP - Timeline, NAACP - Influential court cases, NAACP - Sources and further reading

Read more here: » NAACP: Encyclopedia II - NAACP - Timeline

Some critics of the NAACP, particularly conservatives, complain that the organization takes liberal positions on issues which either have no obvious relationship to the civil rights struggle or minorities, or which they believe to be at odds with the cause of freedom. For example, the NAACP strongly supports stringent gun control laws, feminist issues, gay rights issues and opposes voucher programs that have been termed "school choice". The NAACP cites the disproportionate effect of gun violence on minority communities and argues that ...

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NAACP, NAACP - Organization, NAACP - History, NAACP - Fighting Jim Crow, NAACP - Desegregation, NAACP - The 1990s: Crisis and restored strength, NAACP - Critics and supporters, NAACP - Bush declines to speak to the NAACP, NAACP - Timeline, NAACP - Influential court cases, NAACP - Sources and further reading

Read more here: » NAACP: Encyclopedia II - NAACP - Critics and supporters

Following the demise of the second era KKK, there were three periods of resurgence, dubbed by some scholars and Klan participants as the third through sixth era Klans. After World War II, the Klan's victims began to fight back. In a 1958 North Carolina incident, the Klan burned crosses at the homes of two Lumbee Native Americans who had associated with white people, and then held a nighttime rally nearby, only to find themselves surrounded by hundreds of armed Lumbees. Gunfire was exchanged, and the Klan was routed.See also:

Ku Klux Klan, Ku Klux Klan - The first Klan, Ku Klux Klan - Creation, Ku Klux Klan - Activities, Ku Klux Klan - Klan Salute, Ku Klux Klan - Decline and suppression, Ku Klux Klan - The second Klan, Ku Klux Klan - Creation, Ku Klux Klan - Activities, Ku Klux Klan - Political influence, Ku Klux Klan - Decline, Ku Klux Klan - Later Ku Klux Klans, Ku Klux Klan - Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Ku Klux Klan - The Ku Klux Klan today, Ku Klux Klan - Ku Klux Klan vocabulary, Ku Klux Klan - The Ku Klux Klan in popular culture, Ku Klux Klan - Notes

Read more here: » Ku Klux Klan: Encyclopedia II - Ku Klux Klan - Later Ku Klux Klans

The BNP aims strongly to appeal to those members of the population who consider immigration to be a threat to jobs, a cause of rising crime, and a basis for cultural decline. Under its current policy, the party backs an immediate halt to all further non-European immigration and the voluntary resettlement of foreigners to their lands of ethnic origin by way of generous "homeward-bound" grants which would be made available to anyone who wanted to take advantage of them. Some critics of the party claim that it endorses consideration of "forcible repatriation" for those foreigners who refuse ...

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British National Party, British National Party - History and overview, British National Party - Policies, British National Party - Allegations of racism, British National Party - Allegations of neo-Nazism, British National Party - Criminal records and extreme or violent affiliation of some BNP organizers, British National Party - Electoral strategy, British National Party - Electoral performance, British National Party - Opposition to the BNP, British National Party - Affiliated parties, British National Party - Previous British National Parties

Read more here: » British National Party: Encyclopedia II - British National Party - Electoral strategy

Many racist organizations seem to have shown a tendency to splinter easily, and modern-day racist movements existing on the Internet show a great deal of strife within "The Movement", in a similar way to that observed in movements at the opposite extreme of the political spectrum. Different groups have feuds and rivalries, different figures have personal feuds with different figures, etc. It could be observed that too many people within the movement want to be leaders as opposed to followers. Less extreme white supremacists or white s ...

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White supremacy, White supremacy - White supremacy in the United States, White supremacy - Ideology in contemporary White Supremacy, White supremacy - Distribution and prominence of contemporary white supremacist groups, White supremacy - Violent activism by contemporary white supremacist groups, White supremacy - Fragmentation and formation of groupuscules, White supremacy - Contemporary White Supremacists, White supremacy - Organizations, White supremacy - Related topics, White supremacy - Compare

Read more here: » White supremacy: Encyclopedia II - White supremacy - Fragmentation and formation of groupuscules

Anti-racist ideology has been hugely influential. It has been a catalyst for feminism, anti-war, and anti-imperialist movements. Henry David Thoreau's opposition to the Mexican War, for example, was based in his fear that the U.S. was using the war as an excuse to expand slavery into new territories. Thoreau's response was chronicled in his famous essay "Civil Disobedience", which in turn helped ignite Gandhi's successful campaign against the British in India. Gandhi's examp ...

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Anti-racism, Anti-racism - Precursors of anti-racism, Anti-racism - Origins of modern anti-racism, Anti-racism - The revival of anti-racism in the United States, Anti-racism - Anti-racism's influence, Anti-racism - Controversies, Anti-racism - Anti-racist organizations

Read more here: » Anti-racism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-racism - Anti-racism's influence

Despite anti-racism's successes, however, some people feel that racism is still a powerful force in Western societies. Proponents of the stronger forms of anti-racism point to ongoing differences in quality of life among different races and say that rooting out discriminatory attitudes and practices is a requirement of simple justice. Thus, they argue that racism still drives such phenomena as the drug war, the prison system, ongoing segregation of housing, racial profiling, police brutality, U.S. imperialism, and possibly the immigration re ...

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Anti-racism, Anti-racism - Precursors of anti-racism, Anti-racism - Origins of modern anti-racism, Anti-racism - The revival of anti-racism in the United States, Anti-racism - Anti-racism's influence, Anti-racism - Controversies, Anti-racism - Anti-racist organizations

Read more here: » Anti-racism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-racism - Controversies

Anti-racism showed signs of revival in the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, anthropologists such as Franz Boas, Ruth Benedict, Margaret Mead, and Ashley Montagu argued for the equality of humans across races and cultures. Other whites, too, began to speak out in favor of racial equality; Eleanor Roosevelt, for example, was a very visible advocate for minority rights during this period. Socialist organizations like the wobblies, which gained some popularity during the Great Depression were often explicitly anti-racist. Perhaps more importantly, ...

See also:

Anti-racism, Anti-racism - Precursors of anti-racism, Anti-racism - Origins of modern anti-racism, Anti-racism - The revival of anti-racism in the United States, Anti-racism - Anti-racism's influence, Anti-racism - Controversies, Anti-racism - Anti-racist organizations

Read more here: » Anti-racism: Encyclopedia II - Anti-racism - The revival of anti-racism in the United States

David Irving - Arrest in Austria. David Irving was arrested in the southern province of Styria, Austria on November 11 2005 under a warrant issued in 1989 and has since been remanded in custody and charged with denying the Holocaust, a crime in Austria, which carries a sentence of one to ten years in prison. An Austrian court will begin the trial of David Irving on February 20, 2006, from 9 A.M. to 4 P.M. (0800-1500 GMT) (Article). < ...

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David Irving, David Irving - Early life, David Irving - The Destruction of Dresden, David Irving - Historian, David Irving - Revisionist, David Irving - Holocaust denial and libel suit, David Irving - Persona non grata, David Irving - Current activities, David Irving - Arrest in Austria, David Irving - Recent Past, David Irving - Irving bibliography

Read more here: » David Irving: Encyclopedia II - David Irving - Current activities

Following the deaths of Tupac and Biggie Smalls, hip hop found itself in a state of shock. Many wondered whether, in the escalating atmosphere of violence that seemed to permeate contemporary hip-hop music, could MC battles still exist peacefully. It wasn't until LL Cool J and Canibus decided to revive the artform that MCs were allowed to reenter the lyrical ring. The battle began when LL featured Canibus, Method Man and Redman on the song "4,3,2,1" in 1997. Canibus contributed a verse, which included the line "L, is that a mic on your arm? ...

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Hip hop rivalries, Hip hop rivalries - East Coast vs. West Coast, Hip hop rivalries - Nas vs Jay-Z, Hip hop rivalries - Eminem vs Benzino, Hip hop rivalries - Boogie Down Productions vs the Juice Crew, Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs. Kool Moe Dee, Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs Canibus and the Refugee Camp, Hip hop rivalries - Ja Rule vs 50 Cent, Hip hop rivalries - 50 Cent vs The Game, Hip hop rivalries - Other known rivalries not necessarily chronological order

Read more here: » Hip hop rivalries: Encyclopedia II - Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs Canibus and the Refugee Camp

By the late 1980s, Irving was barred from entering Austria because of his neo-Nazi ties and hate speech. In the early 1990s, a German court found him guilty of breaking laws forbidding the denial of the Nazi extermination of Jews, and he was subsequently fined and barred from entering Germany. Other governments followed suit. In 1992, he was barred from South Africa and Canada, where he was arrested in November 1992 and deported back to the United Kingdom. In an administrative hearing surrounding those events he was found by the hearing offi ...

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David Irving, David Irving - Early life, David Irving - The Destruction of Dresden, David Irving - Historian, David Irving - Revisionist, David Irving - Holocaust denial and libel suit, David Irving - Persona non grata, David Irving - Current activities, David Irving - Arrest in Austria, David Irving - Recent Past, David Irving - Irving bibliography

Read more here: » David Irving: Encyclopedia II - David Irving - Persona non grata

The modern BNP was originally founded in 1980 as the New National Front by the late John Tyndall, a former chairman of the National Front and a public follower of racial ideals, something that still harms the party in the polls after his death. It changed its name to the British National Party in 1982. The current National Chairman, Nick Griffin, joined the BNP in 1995, and replaced Tyndall following a leadership election in 1999. Griffin had previously been chairman of the National Front and had spent time as an activist w ...

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British National Party, British National Party - History and overview, British National Party - Policies, British National Party - Allegations of racism, British National Party - Allegations of neo-Nazism, British National Party - Criminal records and extreme or violent affiliation of some BNP organizers, British National Party - Electoral strategy, British National Party - Electoral performance, British National Party - Opposition to the BNP, British National Party - Affiliated parties, British National Party - Previous British National Parties

Read more here: » British National Party: Encyclopedia II - British National Party - History and overview

Membership in the Klan is secret, and the Klan, like many fraternal organizations, has signs members can use to recognize one another. A member may use the acronym AYAK (Are you a Klansman?) in conversation to surreptitiously identify himself to another potential member. The response AKIA (A Klansman I am) completes the greeting. Throughout its varied history, the Klan has coined many words [45] beginning with "KL" including:

Although the BNP strongly disputes that its policies or members espouse neo-Nazism, some opponents of the party, as well as journalists in two newspapers, the right wing tabloid Daily Express and the left wing broadsheet The Guardian, have claimed often that the BNP is not only racist, but an explicitly fascist or neo-Nazi organization, despite the seemingly democratic nature of internal BNP elections. The former leader of the Conservative Party, Michael Howard, in a political speech in the BNP's heartland area of Burnley, criticised the group, ...

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British National Party, British National Party - History and overview, British National Party - Policies, British National Party - Allegations of racism, British National Party - Allegations of neo-Nazism, British National Party - Criminal records and extreme or violent affiliation of some BNP organizers, British National Party - Electoral strategy, British National Party - Electoral performance, British National Party - Opposition to the BNP, British National Party - Affiliated parties, British National Party - Previous British National Parties

Read more here: » British National Party: Encyclopedia II - British National Party - Allegations of neo-Nazism

By the mid-1980s, Irving began lecturing to far-right groups such as the German Deutsche Volksunion, associated himself with the Institute for Historical Review, which is widely considered to be anti-Semitic, and began making statements that moved him from murky to clearly revisionist territory. For example, he denied that Nazis systematically exterminated Jews in gas chambers during World War II and claimed that The Diary of Anne Frank was mostly a postwar forgery by her surviving father. In 1988, he testified for the defence at Cana ...

See also:

David Irving, David Irving - Early life, David Irving - The Destruction of Dresden, David Irving - Historian, David Irving - Revisionist, David Irving - Holocaust denial and libel suit, David Irving - Persona non grata, David Irving - Current activities, David Irving - Arrest in Austria, David Irving - Recent Past, David Irving - Irving bibliography

Read more here: » David Irving: Encyclopedia II - David Irving - Holocaust denial and libel suit

According to the BNP's website [4], the party's policies include: The repatriation of all illegal immigrants. The introduction of a system of voluntary, financially-aided repatriation for existing, legally-settled immigrants. The repeal of all equalities legislation, regarded as positive discrimination/reverse discrimination. Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union and the pursuit of protectionist economic measures. Encouraging greater share-ownership and 'worker co-operatives ...

See also:

British National Party, British National Party - History and overview, British National Party - Policies, British National Party - Allegations of racism, British National Party - Allegations of neo-Nazism, British National Party - Criminal records and extreme or violent affiliation of some BNP organizers, British National Party - Electoral strategy, British National Party - Electoral performance, British National Party - Opposition to the BNP, British National Party - Affiliated parties, British National Party - Previous British National Parties

Read more here: » British National Party: Encyclopedia II - British National Party - Policies

W.E.B. DuBois argues that racialism is the philosophical belief that differences between the races exist, be it biological, social, psychological, or in the realm of the soul. He then goes on to argue that racism is using this belief to push forward the argument that one's particular race is superior to the others. Therefore, Dubois separates the conditions of racism from racism itself. (Anthony Kwame Appiah summarises Dubois' position in his book In My Father's House, chapter 3.) Racialism in this view is a value-neutral philosop ...

See also:

Racialism, Racialism - Distinguishing from racism, Racialism - Use by white separatist and white supremacist groups, Racialism - W. E. B. DuBois, Racialism - Identity politics, Racialism - Sources

Read more here: » Racialism: Encyclopedia II - Racialism - W. E. B. DuBois

Within identity politics, many groups have emphasised their own race, and the importance or racial differences, whether they be cultural, economic, biological, or political. The Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League, and similar organisations, advocate the welfare of a specific ethnicity, without a harmful intent towards others. ...

See also:

Racialism, Racialism - Distinguishing from racism, Racialism - Use by white separatist and white supremacist groups, Racialism - W. E. B. DuBois, Racialism - Identity politics, Racialism - Sources

Read more here: » Racialism: Encyclopedia II - Racialism - Identity politics

The creators of Stormfront.org also operate other websites on the Internet, including Martinlutherking.org [1] which, describing itself as "The truth about Martin Luther King...a valuable resource for teachers and students alike", displays prominently on its main page a link to an article advocating the repeal of the US national Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday and a link to a discussion of Martin Luther King, Jr., hosted on the Stormfront forum. This has earned condemnation from many anti-racists. Jew Watch [2] is another site that has been affiliated with Stormfront.org. Howe ...

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Stormfront website, Stormfront website - Members, Stormfront website - Extension of views, Stormfront website - Controversies

Read more here: » Stormfront website: Encyclopedia II - Stormfront website - Extension of views

Stormfront calls itself a "Racialist discussion board for pro-White activists and anyone else interested in White survival". Most of the members of Stormfront say that they are opposed to any form of "race-mixing" between the human races and support various forms of racism. The articles posted there denounce non-white immigration and strongly advocate views of white supremacy, anti-Semitism, anti-Islamic sentiment, and anti-homosexuality and such feelings as White ...

See also:

Stormfront website, Stormfront website - Members, Stormfront website - Extension of views, Stormfront website - Controversies

Read more here: » Stormfront website: Encyclopedia II - Stormfront website - Members

(see The Bridge Wars) Boogie Down Productions, led by KRS-One, were involved in a long-running feud with Marley Marl's Juice Crew during the mid-to-late 1980s and early 1990s that was predominantly a dispute over boroughs of New York. The feud began with Queensbridge-based Marley Marl & MC Shan's track "The Bridge" in late 1985, in which they sung the praises of their home borough and loosely implied that Queensbridge was where hip hop "all got started". Taking offense, South Bronx-based KRS-One and Boogie Down Productions (BDP) r ...

See also:

Hip hop rivalries, Hip hop rivalries - East Coast vs. West Coast, Hip hop rivalries - Nas vs Jay-Z, Hip hop rivalries - Eminem vs Benzino, Hip hop rivalries - Boogie Down Productions vs the Juice Crew, Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs. Kool Moe Dee, Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs Canibus and the Refugee Camp, Hip hop rivalries - Ja Rule vs 50 Cent, Hip hop rivalries - 50 Cent vs The Game, Hip hop rivalries - Other known rivalries not necessarily chronological order

Read more here: » Hip hop rivalries: Encyclopedia II - Hip hop rivalries - Boogie Down Productions vs the Juice Crew

Kool Moe Dee was a member of one of the earliest hip hop crews, the Treacherous Three, and claimed that LL Cool J stole his style, thus causing a long-running feud between the pair. From different interviews and magazines at the time, Kool Moe Dee felt that LL was getting a bit too big headed and actually believing his own hype, particularly when LL was rising to popularity with the Bigger and Deffer album. Supposedly, Moe Dee approached LL and talked to him, and LL either brushed him off, or went back to his old ways after the talk. ...

See also:

Hip hop rivalries, Hip hop rivalries - East Coast vs. West Coast, Hip hop rivalries - Nas vs Jay-Z, Hip hop rivalries - Eminem vs Benzino, Hip hop rivalries - Boogie Down Productions vs the Juice Crew, Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs. Kool Moe Dee, Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs Canibus and the Refugee Camp, Hip hop rivalries - Ja Rule vs 50 Cent, Hip hop rivalries - 50 Cent vs The Game, Hip hop rivalries - Other known rivalries not necessarily chronological order

Read more here: » Hip hop rivalries: Encyclopedia II - Hip hop rivalries - LL Cool J vs. Kool Moe Dee