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David Astor | A Wisdom Archive on David Astor | | David Astor A selection of articles related to David Astor | |
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David Astor
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ARTICLES RELATED TO David Astor | |
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| | |  David Astor: Encyclopedia II - 1912 - Events
1912 - January-March.
January 1 - Establishment of Republic of China.
January 5 - Prague Party Conference
January 6 - New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U.S. state.
January 17 - British polar explorer Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four begin the second expedition to reach the South Pole.
January 23 - The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.
February 8 - Mexican Revolution - Military rebellion against the rule of F ...
See also:1912, 1912 - Events, 1912 - January-March, 1912 - April-September, 1912 - October-November, 1912 - December, 1912 - Unknown dates, 1912 - Births, 1912 - January-February, 1912 - March-April, 1912 - May-July, 1912 - August-November, 1912 - December, 1912 - Deaths, 1912 - Nobel Prizes Read more here: » 1912: Encyclopedia II - 1912 - Events |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Education At the age of six, Blair was sent to a small Anglican parish school in Henley-on-Thames, which his sister had attended before him. He never wrote of his recollections of it, but he must have impressed the teachers very favourably, for two years later he was recommended to the headmaster of one of the most successful preparatory schools in England at the time: St Cyprian's School, in Eastbourne, Sussex. Blair attended St Cyprian's on a scholarship that allowed his parents to pay only half of the usual fees. Many years later, he would recall h ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Education |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - Criticism and rebuttal Criticism of Amnesty International may be classified into two major categories, accusations of selection bias and ideological bias. In addition, many governments, including those of the Democratic Republic of the Congo [4], China [5], the Taliban [6], Vietnam [7], Russia [8]and the United States of America have attacked it for alleged bias, one-sided reporting, or failure to take security threats as a mitigating factor.
The majority of these criticisms are from governments (or supporters of a government) pleading mitigation for admitt ...
See also:Amnesty International, Amnesty International - History, Amnesty International - Goals and strategy, Amnesty International - Organization, Amnesty International - Secretary Generals, Amnesty International - Finances, Amnesty International - Criticism and rebuttal, Amnesty International - Selection Bias, Amnesty International - Ideological bias, Amnesty International - 2005: Guantánamo Bay the gulag of our times., Amnesty International - Manipulation of AI, Amnesty International - Leading critics, Amnesty International - Notes Read more here: » Amnesty International: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - Criticism and rebuttal |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - The Observer - History The first issue (published on 4 December 1791), was the world's first Sunday newspaper.
In 1911, William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor (1848-1919) purchased The Observer from the Harmsworth family. It remained a Tory paper, as it had always been, until 1942, with the end of the 34-year editorship of J. L. Garvin. After his time, it declared itself non-partisan, an unusual stance for the time.
Ownership passed to the 2nd Viscount, Waldorf Astor, who in turn passed it on in 1948 to his sons, one of whom, David Astor (1 ...
See also:The Observer, The Observer - History, The Observer - The Newsroom, The Observer - Editors Read more here: » The Observer: Encyclopedia II - The Observer - History |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Legacy
George Orwell - Work.
During most of his career, Orwell was best known for his journalism, in essays, reviews, columns in newspapers and magazines and in his books of reportage: Down and Out in Paris and London (describing a period of poverty in these cities), The Road to Wigan Pier (describing the living conditions of poor miners in northern England) and Homage to Catalonia (describing his experiences during the Spanish Civil War). According to Newsweek, Orwell "was the finest of his day and the foremost archit ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Legacy |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Political views Orwell's political views changed over time, but there can be no doubt that he was a man of the left throughout his life as a writer. His time in Burma made him a staunch opponent of imperialism, and his experience of poverty while researching Down and Out in Paris and London and The Road to Wigan Pier turned him into a socialist. "Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Political views |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Burma and the early novels After Blair finished his studies at Eton, his family could not pay for university and he had no prospect of a scholarship. So in 1922 he joined the Indian Imperial Police in Burma. He came to hate imperialism, returned to England in 1927 and resigned, determined to become a writer. He later used his Burmese experiences for the novel Burmese Days (1934) and in such essays as "A Hanging" (1931), and "Shooting an Elephant" (1936).
In 1928, he moved to Paris, where his aunt lived, hoping to make a living as a freelance writer. But ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Burma and the early novels |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier In early 1936, Orwell was commissioned by Victor Gollancz of the Left Book Club to write an account of life in the depressed areas of northern England, which appeared in 1937 as The Road to Wigan Pier.
Soon after completing his research for the book, Orwell married Eileen O'Shaughnessy.
...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - History Amnesty International was founded in 1961 by a British lawyer named Peter Benenson and a Quaker named Eric Baker. Benenson was reading his newspaper and was shocked and angered to come across the story of two Portuguese students sentenced to seven years in prison – for the crime of raising their glasses in a toast to freedom. Benenson wrote to David Astor, editor of The Observer newspaper, who, on May 28, published Benenson's article entitled The Forgotten Prisoners [1] that asked readers to write letters showing support for ...
See also:Amnesty International, Amnesty International - History, Amnesty International - Goals and strategy, Amnesty International - Organization, Amnesty International - Secretary Generals, Amnesty International - Finances, Amnesty International - Criticism and rebuttal, Amnesty International - Selection Bias, Amnesty International - Ideological bias, Amnesty International - 2005: Guantánamo Bay the gulag of our times., Amnesty International - Manipulation of AI, Amnesty International - Leading critics, Amnesty International - Notes Read more here: » Amnesty International: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - History |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - 1912 - Births
1912 - January-February.
January 1 - Kim Philby, British spy (d. 1988)
January 3 - Armand Lohikoski, Finnish director (d. 2005)
January 6 - Jacques Ellul, French philosopher (d. 1994)
January 7 - Charles Addams, American cartoonist (d. 1988)
January 8 - José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1992)
January 19 - Leonid Kantorovich, Russian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
January 21 - Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel ...
See also:1912, 1912 - Events, 1912 - January-March, 1912 - April-September, 1912 - October-November, 1912 - December, 1912 - Unknown dates, 1912 - Births, 1912 - January-February, 1912 - March-April, 1912 - May-July, 1912 - August-November, 1912 - December, 1912 - Deaths, 1912 - Nobel Prizes Read more here: » 1912: Encyclopedia II - 1912 - Births |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - Goals and strategy AI aims to maintain every human's basic rights as established under the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. In accordance with this belief, Amnesty works to:
Free all Prisoners of Conscience (a "POC" is a person imprisoned for the peaceful exercise of their beliefs, which differs somewhat from the typical use of the term political prisoner).
Ensure fair and prompt trials.
Abolish all forms of torture and ill-treatment of prisoners, including the use of the death penalty.
End state-sanctioned te ...
See also:Amnesty International, Amnesty International - History, Amnesty International - Goals and strategy, Amnesty International - Organization, Amnesty International - Secretary Generals, Amnesty International - Finances, Amnesty International - Criticism and rebuttal, Amnesty International - Selection Bias, Amnesty International - Ideological bias, Amnesty International - 2005: Guantánamo Bay the gulag of our times., Amnesty International - Manipulation of AI, Amnesty International - Leading critics, Amnesty International - Notes Read more here: » Amnesty International: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - Goals and strategy |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - Organization Amnesty International is governed by the International Executive Council (IEC) – a board of eight members elected for two-year terms by the International Council Meeting, which is itself composed of delegates from each country's Board of Directors. The IEC hires a Secretary General (since 2001, Irene Khan) and an International Secretariat, located in London.
National and local organizational structures vary. In the United States, individual members, regardless of age, and each individual organization votes to elect members to the 18-seat national Board of Directors for a three-year term. The Board ...
See also:Amnesty International, Amnesty International - History, Amnesty International - Goals and strategy, Amnesty International - Organization, Amnesty International - Secretary Generals, Amnesty International - Finances, Amnesty International - Criticism and rebuttal, Amnesty International - Selection Bias, Amnesty International - Ideological bias, Amnesty International - 2005: Guantánamo Bay the gulag of our times., Amnesty International - Manipulation of AI, Amnesty International - Leading critics, Amnesty International - Notes Read more here: » Amnesty International: Encyclopedia II - Amnesty International - Organization |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm Back in Britain, Orwell supported himself by writing freelance reviews, mainly for the New English Weekly (until he broke with it over its pacifism in 1940) and then mostly for Time and Tide. He joined the Home Guard soon after the war began (and was later awarded the Defence medal).
In 1941 Orwell took a job at the BBC Eastern Service, mostly working on programmes to gain Indian and East Asian support for Britain's war efforts. He was well aware that he was shaping propaganda, and wro ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Burma and the early novels After Blair finished his studies at Eton, his family could not pay for university and he had no prospect of a scholarship. So in 1922 he joined the Indian Imperial Police in Burma. He came to to hate imperialism, returned to England in 1927 and resigned, determined to become a writer. He later used his Burmese experiences for the novel Burmese Days (1934) and in such essays as "A Hanging" (1931), and "Shooting an Elephant" (1936).
In 1928, he moved to Paris, where his aunt lived, hoping to make a living as a freelance. But his ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - Burma and the early novels |
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| | | | David Astor: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four Orwell returned from Europe in spring 1945, shortly after the death during an operation of his wife Eileen (with whom he had recently adopted a baby boy, Richard Horatio Blair, who was born in May 1944).
For the next three years Orwell mixed journalistic work — mainly for Tribune, the Observer and the Manchester Evening News, though he also contributed to many small-circulation political and literary magazines — with writing his b ...
See also:George Orwell, George Orwell - Early life, George Orwell - Education, George Orwell - Burma and the early novels, George Orwell - The Road to Wigan Pier, George Orwell - The Spanish Civil War and Homage to Catalonia, George Orwell - The second world war and Animal Farm, George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell - Political views, George Orwell - Legacy, George Orwell - Work, George Orwell - Influence on the English language, George Orwell - Literary influences, George Orwell - Trivia, George Orwell - Books, George Orwell - Essays, George Orwell - Poems, George Orwell - Books about George Orwell Read more here: » George Orwell: Encyclopedia II - George Orwell - The road to Nineteen Eighty-Four |
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More material related to David Astor can be found here:
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