Damascus

Wilhelm II of Germany (born Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albrecht von Hohenzollern 27 January 1859–4 June 1941), was the last German Emperor (Kaiser) and the last King (König) of Prussia, ruling from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918. Some English-language biographies anglicize his name as William II, or in full, Frederick William Victor Albert of Hohenzollern. Wilhelm II of Germany - Background and early life. He was born in Berlin to Crown Prince Friedrich and his wife, Vic ...

Including:

• Wilhelm II of Germany - Background and early life
• Wilhelm II of Germany - Reign
• Wilhelm II of Germany - The Great War
• Wilhelm II of Germany - Abdication
• Wilhelm II of Germany - Marriages and Family
• Wilhelm II of Germany - Life after 1918
• Wilhelm II of Germany - Trivia
• Wilhelm II of Germany - Literature

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Van Buren County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2000, the population is 16,192. The county seat is Clinton. The county was formed on November 11, 1833 and named for Martin Van Buren, President of the United States. it is an alcohol prohibition or dry county. Van Buren County Arkansas - Geography. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,876 km² (724 mi²). 1,843 km² (712 mi²) of it is land and 33 km² (13 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.77% ...

Including:

• Van Buren County Arkansas - Geography
• Van Buren County Arkansas - Adjacent counties
• Van Buren County Arkansas - Demographics
• Van Buren County Arkansas - Cities and towns

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Vichy France, or the Vichy regime was the de facto French government of 1940-1944 during the Nazi Germany occupation of World War II. Now known in French as the Régime de Vichy or Vichy, during its existence it referred to itself as L'État Français (The French State). Vichy France was established after France surrendered to Germany in 1940, and took its name from the government's capital in Vichy, southeast of Paris near Clermont-Ferrand. While officially neutral in the war, it was essentia ...

Including:

• Vichy France - The fall of France and the establishment of the Vichy regime
• Vichy France - Decision to seek armistice
• Vichy France - Conditions of armistice
• Vichy France - Formal end of the Third Republic
• Vichy France - Vichy composition and policies
• Vichy France - Fascist paramilitaries
• Vichy France - Implementation of Nazi racial anti-Semitic laws
• Vichy France - Contribution of French fascists
• Vichy France - Relationships with the Allied powers
• Vichy France - Creation of Free France
• Vichy France - Tensions with Britain in Syria Madagascar
• Vichy France - German invasion November 1942
• Vichy France - Independence of the S.O.L
• Vichy France - Liberation of France and aftermath
• Vichy France - Bibliography

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Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam Politi ...

Including:

• Medina - History

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Judah Ha-Levi, also Yehudah Halevi, or Judah ben Samuel Halevi(Hebrew רבי יהודה הלוי) (c.1085-1141 CE) was a Jewish Spanish philosopher and poet. He was born at Toledo, southern Castile. Yehuda Halevi - Youth. As a youth Ha-Levi lived a life of pleasure. He mixed pleasure with learning. It is possible that Judah's father, Samuel "the Castilian," sent Judah, who was his only son, to Lucena to be educated in the various branches of Jewish learning at the school of Isaac Alfasi. On th ...

Including:

• Yehuda Halevi - Youth
• Yehuda Halevi - Journey to the Holy Land
• Yehuda Halevi - His work
• Yehuda Halevi - Secular poetry
• Yehuda Halevi - Love songs
• Yehuda Halevi - Religious poetry
• Yehuda Halevi - Patriotism
• Yehuda Halevi - Analysis of his poetry
• Yehuda Halevi - Synagogal poetry
• Yehuda Halevi - As a philosopher
• Yehuda Halevi - Ha-Levi’s legacy

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Chagatai Khan (alternative spellings Chagata, Chugta, Chagta, Djagatai, Jagatai), a son of Genghis Khan (1206—1227), controlled the part of the Mongol Empire which extended from the Ili river (eastern Kazakhstan) and Kashgaria (western Tarim Basin) to Transoxiana. He inherited most of what are now the five Central Asian states and northern Iran after the death of his father which he ruled until his death in 1242. The Empire later came to be known as the Chagatai Khanate, part of the Mongol Empire. These te ...

Including:

• Chagatai Khanate - Mongol successor states
• Chagatai Khanate - The Chagatai Khanate after Chagatai
• Chagatai Khanate - Tughlugh Timur and Tamerlane
• Chagatai Khanate - Successors of the Chagataites

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Cedar Revolution has become the Western media's most commonly used name for the chain of demonstrations and popular civic action in Lebanon (mainly Beirut) triggered by the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri on February 14, 2005. The primary goal of the original activists was the withdrawal of Syrian troops from Lebanon and an end to what the demonstrators considered undue influence by Syria on Lebanese politics. During the period of the first wave of demonstrations, Syria had been maintaining a force ...

Including:

• Cedar Revolution - Goals
• Cedar Revolution - Origins of the name
• Cedar Revolution - Latest developments
• Cedar Revolution - Violent repercussions
• Cedar Revolution - Assassination of Rafiq Hariri
• Cedar Revolution - International reaction
• Cedar Revolution - Government resigns
• Cedar Revolution - Syrian reaction
• Cedar Revolution - Response from the Arab world
• Cedar Revolution - Pro-Syrian demonstration
• Cedar Revolution - Resurgent counter demonstrations
• Cedar Revolution - Withdrawal of Syrian troops
• Cedar Revolution - Wave of democracy?

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Hayyim ben Joseph Vital (1543 in Safed-6 May 1620 in Damascus) was one of the most famous exponents of Kabbalah. As a young boy, Vital was educated by the scholar, Rabbi Moses Alshech. Other than that, most of his early life is full of legends. For instance, it is claimed that at the age of twelve, he was told by a chiromancer that when he reached the age of twenty-four, he would find himself standing before two roads, and would rise or fall according to his choice. Joseph Caro is said to have paid especial attention to Vital's ...

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The Young Turks were a Turkish patriotic constitutionalist society, officially known as the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) — in Turkish the Ittihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti — whose leaders led a rebellion against Sultan Abdul Hamid II (who was officially deposed and exiled in 1909). They ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1908 until the end of World War I in November 1918. Young Turks - History. The Young Turks had their origins in secret societies of progressive university students an ...

Including:

• Young Turks - History
• Young Turks - Ideology
• Young Turks - Liberalism and Constitutionalism
• Young Turks - Materialism and Posivitism
• Young Turks - Strong government
• Young Turks - Nationalism
• Young Turks - Impact on modern Turkey
• Young Turks - Revolution and CUP as a model
• Young Turks - References for Young Turks Ideology

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Yerevan (Armenian: Երեւան or Երևան; sometimes written as Erevan; former names include Erivan and Erebuni) (population: 1,088,300 (2004 estimate) [1]) is one of the provinces in Armenia and the largest city and capital of Armenia. It is situated on the Hrazdan River, at 40°10′N 44°31′E. Yerevan is over 2,780 years old, making it one of the oldest cities in the world. Yerevan - History. Archaeological evidence indicates that an Urartian military fortress called Erebuni ...

Including:

• Yerevan - History
• Yerevan - Culture
• Yerevan - Development
• Yerevan - City districts
• Yerevan - Sister cities
• Yerevan - Education
• Yerevan - Universities
• Yerevan - Notable people
• Yerevan - Constructions

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Walid Jumblatt (Arabic: وليد جنبلاط‎) (born August 7, 1949), is the current leader of the Progressive Socialist Party of Lebanon and the most prominent leader of the Druze community. The origin of the Jumblatt family is the Kurdish Janboulad family dating back to Janboulad Ibn Kassem al Kirdi al Kaisari, known as Ibn Arabou (1530-1580), governor of Aleppo. Walid Jumblatt is the son of Kamal Jumblatt, the founder of the party Walid Jumblatt now leads. Before his ascension to power following his father's assass ...

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Damascus steel, also known as Damascened steel, now commonly refers to 2 of types of steel used in custom knife and sword making, pattern-weld and wootz (true damascus). Both types of Damascened steel show complex patterns on the surface, which are the result of internal structural elements in the steel. These patterns are the result of the unique forging methods used for the creation of Damascened steel, and skilled swordsmiths can manipulate the patterns to create complex designs in the surface of the steel. Dam ...

Including:

• Damascus steel - Origin of the term Damascus
• Damascus steel - Manufacture
• Damascus steel - Loss of the technique
• Damascus steel - Attempts at reproduction
• Damascus steel - Pattern welded Damascened steel

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Damascius, the last of the Neoplatonists, was born in Damascus about AD 480. In his early youth he went to Alexandria, where he spent twelve years partly as a pupil of Theon, a rhetorician, and partly as a professor of rhetoric. He then turned to philosophy and science, and studied under Hermeias and his sons, Ammonius and Heliodorus. Later on in life he migrated to Athens and continued his studies under Marinus, the mathematician, Zenodotus, and Isidore, the dialectician. He became a close friend of Isidore, succeeded him as h ...

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Damask is a fabric of silk, wool, linen, cotton, or synthetic fibers, with a pattern formed by weaving. The term originally referred to ornamental silk fabrics from Damascus, which were elaborately woven in colours, sometimes with the addition of gold and other metallic threads. Today, it generally denotes a linen texture richly figured in the weaving with flowers, fruit, forms of animal life, and other types of ornament. Damask was first produced in China. India, Persia, and Syria, then the Byzantine Empire followed. In the We ...

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The Damour massacre took place on 20 January 1976 during the 1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War. It was perpetrated by mainly Palestinian militia forces against Christian inhabitants of Damour. Damour massacre - Cycle of Violence. The massacre followed that by the Phalangists of the Palestinian inhabitants of Karantina on 18 January 1976, in which an estimated one thousand [1] civilians were killed. Two days la ...

Including:

• Damour massacre - Cycle of Violence
• Damour massacre - The Perpetrators
• Damour massacre - Notes

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UNTSO is an acronym for United Nations Truce Supervision Organization, an organization founded in 1948 for peacekeeping in the Middle East. Among its tasks are providing assistance to the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) and the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). Its initial foundation was a result of Resolution 50 of the UN Security Council which was accepted on May 29, 1948. Countries contributing military resources to UNTSO include, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canad ...

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The term Damascene can be used to refer to: A resident of Damascus A special type of steel called Damascus steel For the art of metalic inlaying, see Damascening A decorative inlay of precious metals on a black background of shakudo or lacquered steel Other related archivesDamascening, Damascus, Damascus steel, shakudo

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The Grand Mosque of Damascus, also known as the Umayyad Mosque, is one of the largest and oldest mosques in the world. Located in the old city of Damascus, Muslims consider it to be one of the holiest mosques. It is also of great architectural importance. The mosque holds a shrine which is said to contain the head of John the Baptist, honoured as a prophet by both Christians and Muslims. The head was supposedly found during the excavations for the building of the mosque. The tomb of Saladin stands in a ...

Including:

• Umayyad Mosque - History
• Umayyad Mosque - Construction and Architecture

Read more here: » Umayyad Mosque: Encyclopedia - Umayyad Mosque

The Crusades were a series of several military campaigns—usually sanctioned by the Papacy—that took place during the 11th through 13th centuries. Originally, they were Roman Catholic endeavors to recapture Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims, but some were directed against other Europeans, such as the Fourth Crusade against Constantinople, the Albigensian Crusade against the Ca ...

Including:

• The Crusades - Historical background
• The Crusades - Historical context
• The Crusades - The major crusades
• The Crusades - First Crusade
• The Crusades - Second Crusade
• The Crusades - Third Crusade
• The Crusades - Fourth Crusade
• The Crusades - Albigensian Crusade
• The Crusades - Children's Crusade
• The Crusades - Fifth Crusade
• The Crusades - Sixth Crusade
• The Crusades - Crusade versus the Stedingers
• The Crusades - Seventh Crusade
• The Crusades - Eighth Crusade
• The Crusades - Ninth Crusade
• The Crusades - Crusades in Baltic and Central Europe
• The Crusades - Crusade legacy
• The Crusades - Europe
• The Crusades - Islamic world
• The Crusades - Jewish community
• The Crusades - The Caucasus
• The Crusades - Usage of the term crusade
• The Crusades - Popular reputation
• The Crusades - Eastern Orthodoxy
• The Crusades - References and further reading

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Islam History of Islam Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity Muhammad Ali • Abu Bakr Companions of Muhammad Household of Muhammad Prophets of Islam Qur'an • Hadith • Sharia Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Sunni • Shi'a • Sufi Art • Architecture Cities • Calendar Science • Philosophy Religious leaders Women in Islam Politi ...

Including:

• Uthman - Biography
• Uthman - Sunni view of Uthman
• Uthman - Shi'a view of Uthman
• Uthman - Non-Muslims

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The United Arab Republic (UAR) (Arabic: لجمهورية العربية المتحدة - al jumhuriya al-'arabia al-muttahida) was the state formed by the union between the republics of Egypt and Syria in 1958. It existed until Syria's secession in 1961, although Egypt continued to be known as the UAR until 1970. United Arab Republic - Causes of the union. Established on February 1 as a first step towards a pan-Arab nation, the UAR was created when a group of political and military leaders in ...

Including:

• United Arab Republic - Causes of the union
• United Arab Republic - Formation of the Union
• United Arab Republic - Structure of the Republic
• United Arab Republic - Conflict with Jordan
• United Arab Republic - Dissolution of the union

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The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic بنو أمية banū umayya / الأمويون al-umawiyyūn); Persian امویان (Omaviyân), Turkish, Emevi, ) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the Quraish. The first dynasty reigned from CE 661 to CE 750. Ironically, the clan from which the Umayyads originated had originally been bitter enemies. Umayyad - Umayyad rulers. Muawiyah had been ...

Including:

• Umayyad - Umayyad rulers
• Umayyad - Umayyad Caliphs at Damascus
• Umayyad - Umayyad Emirs of Cordoba
• Umayyad - Umayyad Caliphs at Cordoba
• Umayyad - Umayyad sahaba
• Umayyad - Umayyad taba'een

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