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Cultural anthropology

A Wisdom Archive on Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology

A selection of articles related to Cultural anthropology

We recommend this article: Cultural anthropology - 1, and also this: Cultural anthropology - 2.
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cultural anthropology

ARTICLES RELATED TO Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology, also called social anthropology or socio-cultural anthropology, forms one of four commonly-recognized fields of anthropology, the holistic study of humanity. It is the branch of anthropology that has developed and promoted "culture" as a meaningful scientific concept; it is also the branch of anthropology that studies cultural variation among humans. The anthropological concept of "culture reflects in part a reaction against earlier Western discourses based on an opposition between "culture" and "n ...

Including:

Read more here: » Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Economic anthropology - Culturalism
For some anthropologists the substantivist position does not go far enough in its criticism of the universal application of Western economic models on societies all around the globe. Gudeman for example argues that the central processes of making a livelihood are culturally constructed. Therefore, models of livelihoods and related economic concepts such as exchange, money or profit must be analysed through the locals' ways of understanding them. Rather than devising universal models rooting in Western understandings and using Western economi ...

See also:

Economic anthropology, Economic anthropology - Formalism, Economic anthropology - Substantivism, Economic anthropology - Culturalism, Economic anthropology - Critiques of the Approaches

Read more here: » Economic anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Economic anthropology - Culturalism

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Cultural anthropology - Contemporary Theory and Methods

Today ethnography continues to dominate socio-cultural anthropology. Nevertheless, many contemporary socio-cultural anthropologists have rejected earlier models of ethnography that treated local cultures as bounded and isolated. These anthropologists continue to concern themselves with the distinct ways people in different locales experience and understand their lives, but they often argue that one cannot understand these particular ways of life solely in the local context; one must analyze them (they say) in the context of regional or even ...

See also:

Cultural anthropology, Cultural anthropology - A brief history, Cultural anthropology - Contemporary Theory and Methods

Read more here: » Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Cultural anthropology - Contemporary Theory and Methods

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Ethnography - Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology grew up around the practice of ethnography. Its canonical texts are mostly ethnographies, e.g. Argonauts of the Western Pacific by Bronislaw Malinowski, The Nuer by E. E. Evans-Pritchard, Coming of Age in Samoa by Margaret Mead, or Naven by Gregory Bateson. Cultural anthropologists today place such a high value on actually doing ethnographic research that ethnology, meaning the comparative synthesis of ethnographi ...

See also:

Ethnography, Ethnography - Cultural anthropology, Ethnography - Other related fields, Ethnography - Techniques

Read more here: » Ethnography: Encyclopedia II - Ethnography - Cultural anthropology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Cultural anthropology - A brief history

Modern socio-cultural anthropology has its origins in 19th century "ethnology", which involves the systematic comparison of human societies. Scholars like E.B. Tylor and J.G. Frazer in England worked mostly with materials collected by others – usually missionaries, explorers, or colonial officials – this earned them their current sobriquet of "arm-chair anthropologists". Ethnologists had an especial interest in why people living in different parts of the world sometimes had similar beliefs and practices. In addressing this question, ethn ...

See also:

Cultural anthropology, Cultural anthropology - A brief history, Cultural anthropology - Contemporary Theory and Methods

Read more here: » Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Cultural anthropology - A brief history

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Cultural anthropology - A brief history

Modern socio-cultural anthropology has its origins in 19th century "ethnology", which involves the organized comparison of human societies. Scholars like E.B. Tylor and J.G. Frazer in England worked mostly with materials collected by others – usually missionaries, explorers, or colonial officials – this earned them their current sobriquet of "arm-chair anthropologists". Ethnologists had an especial interest in why people living in different parts of the world sometimes had similar beliefs and practices. In addressing this question, ethno ...

See also:

Cultural anthropology, Cultural anthropology - A brief history, Cultural anthropology - Contemporary Theory and Methods

Read more here: » Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Cultural anthropology - A brief history

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Visual anthropology

Visual anthropology is a subfield of sociocultural anthropology that developed out of the theory and practice of ethnographic photography, film and since the mid-1990s, new media. It also encompasses the anthropological study of representation, including areas such as performance, museums, art, and the production and reception of mass media. Visual anthropology - History. The origins of visual anthropology are located in the invention and application of photographic technologies to the study of human cultur ...

Including:

Read more here: » Visual anthropology: Encyclopedia - Visual anthropology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Ethnography

Ethnography (from the Greek ethnos = nation and graphein = writing) refers to the qualitative description of human social phenomena, based on fieldwork. Ethnography is a holistic research method founded in the idea that a system's properties cannot necessarily be accurately understood independently of each other. The genre has both formal and historical connections to travel writing and colonial office reports. Several academic traditions, in particular the constructivist and relativist paradigms, claim ethnography as a ...

Including:

Read more here: » Ethnography: Encyclopedia - Ethnography

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Visual anthropology - History

The origins of visual anthropology are located in the invention and application of photographic technologies to the study of human culture and diversity (Ruby 1996). Some of the earliest photography and filmmaking was trained on traditional anthropological informants. Anthropologists and non-anthropologists conducted much of this work in the spirit of salvage ethnography or attempts to record for posterity the ways-of-life of societies assumed doomed to extinction (see, for instance, the Nat ...

See also:

Visual anthropology, Visual anthropology - History, Visual anthropology - Ethnographic and anthropological films, Visual anthropology - Visual anthropology programs

Read more here: » Visual anthropology: Encyclopedia II - Visual anthropology - History

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Mana

Mana is a traditional term and a concept among the speakers of Oceanic languages, including Melanesians, Polynesians and Māori. It is an impersonal force or quality said to reside in people, animals and inanimate objects which provide an observer with a sense of wonder or respect. In anthropological discourse, mana as a generalized concept has attained a significant amount of interest; often understood as the precursor to genuine religion. It has commonly been interpreted as "the stuff of which magic is formed," although this vie ...

Including:

Read more here: » Mana: Encyclopedia - Mana

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Anthropology

Anthropology (from the Greek word άνθρωπος, "human" or "person") consists of the study of humanity (see genus Homo). It is holistic in two senses: it is concerned with all humans at all times, and with all dimensions of humanity. A primary trait that traditionally distinguished anthropology from other humanistic disciplines is an emphasis on cross-cultural comparisons. This distinction has, however, become increasingly the subject of controversy and debate, with anthropological methods now bein ...

Including:

Read more here: » Anthropology: Encyclopedia - Anthropology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Applied anthropology

Applied anthropology is a subdiscipline of cultural anthropology that tries to use the practices and theory of anthropology to solve immediate problems about human beings and their culture. Applied Anthropology is the application of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess and solve contemporary social problems. Applied anthropologists work for nonacademic clients such as governments, development agencies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), tribal and ethnic associations, inte ...

Read more here: » Applied anthropology: Encyclopedia - Applied anthropology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - List of academic disciplines

This is a list of academic disciplines (and academic fields). An academic discipline is a branch of knowledge which is formally taught, either at the university, or via some other such method. Functionally, disciplines are usually defined and recognised by the academic journals in which research is published, and the learned societies to which their practitioners belong. Each discipline usually has several sub-disciplines or branch ...

Including:

Read more here: » List of academic disciplines: Encyclopedia - List of academic disciplines

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - List of controversial non-fiction books

This is a list of controversial non-fiction books aimed at the general reader which discuss controversial issues, or are (or were at the time of writing) controversial for other reasons. For controversial fictional books, see list of banned books. Additional books may be found at Controversial books. This list is alphabetical by topic, and books should be ordered by publication date within topics Criteria for inclusion: This list is intended to be selective, not exhaustive.< ...

Including:

Read more here: » List of controversial non-fiction books: Encyclopedia - List of controversial non-fiction books

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Cultural materialism

Cultural materialism is an anthropological research paradigm championed most notably by Marvin Harris. As a theoretical orientation within the discipline of anthropology, it grows out of and reflects the influence of earlier positions, especially Marxist anthropology or political economy and cultural ecology. From political economy it adopts not only its characteristic materialism, but also the central concept of the mode of production, while from cultural ecology comes an emphasis upon the study of the rela ...

Read more here: » Cultural materialism: Encyclopedia - Cultural materialism

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Anthropology of religion

The anthropology of religion involves the study of religious institutions in relation to other social institutions, and the comparison of religious beliefs and practices across cultures. In the 19th century, cultural anthropology was dominated by an interest in cultural evolution; most anthropologists assumed that there was a simple distinction between “primitive” and “modern” religion and tried to provide accounts of how the former evolved into the latter. In the 20th century most anthropologists rejected this approach. Today ...

Including:

Read more here: » Anthropology of religion: Encyclopedia - Anthropology of religion

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Typology

The word typology literally means the study of types. Beyond this simple definition, the term has at least six distinct uses in the fields listed below: Typology (archaeology). Typology in archaeology is the classification of things according to their characteristics. Typology (anthropology). Typology in anthropology is the division of culture by race. Linguistics. See linguistic typology and morphological typology. Typology is a branch of linguistics which concerns itself wit

Read more here: » Typology: Encyclopedia - Typology

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Neanderthal

The Neanderthal or Neandertal was a species of Homo (Homo neanderthalensis) that inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia from about 230,000 to 29,000 years ago, during the Middle Paleolithic period. Neanderthals were adapted to the cold, as shown by their large braincases, short but robust builds, and large noses — traits selected by nature in cold climates, as observed in modern sub-arctic populations. Their brains were roughly ten percent larger than those of modern humans. On average, Neanderthal males stood about 1.65m tall (just under 5' 6") and were heavily b ...

Including:

Read more here: » Neanderthal: Encyclopedia - Neanderthal

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Value

Value is worth in general, and it is thought to be connected to reasons for certain practices, policies, or actions. Value is "that which one acts to gain and/or keep." Value as defined in economics is only a small subcategory of 'value' in general, as defined in the science of value; also see progressive logic, which illustrates the value logic of civic morality. Value - Economics. In general, the value of something is how much a product or service is worth to someone rel ...

Including:

Read more here: » Value: Encyclopedia - Value

Cultural anthropology: Encyclopedia - Archaeoastronomy

Archaeoastronomy (also spelled Archeoastronomy) is the study of astronomy in its cultural context, drawing on archaeological and anthropological evidence. One aspect of it employs astronomical examination of archaeological sites to gain insights into the roles of astronomy in past cultures. A second aspect (sometimes known by the term ethnoastronomy) examines anthropological and ethnohistorical evidence for the astronomical practices of more modern, historical cultures. A third aspect of archaeoastronomy focuses on the c ...

Including:

Read more here: » Archaeoastronomy: Encyclopedia - Archaeoastronomy

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