Encyclopedia - Cult Of Personality: Encyclopedia - Cult Of Personality
Cult of personality is a term for what is perceived to be excessive adulation of a single living leader, especially a head of state. The ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cult Of Personality: Encyclopedia Ii - Cult Of Personality - Characteristics
Personality cults usually characterize totalitarian, authoritarian, or one-party states, especially those with a strong revolutionary con...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cult Of Personality: Encyclopedia Ii - Cult Of Personality - History
Throughout history there have always been leaders who have fostered adulation. For much of premodern times, absolute monarchies were the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Velupillai Prabhakaran: Encyclopedia Ii - Velupillai Prabhakaran - Cult Of Personality
Prabhakaran allowed and promoted a cult of personality to be created about himself. The cult is built around several factors. First, he i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Cult Of Personality
Stalin allowed a cult of personality to be created in the Soviet Union around both himself and Lenin. The embalming of the Soviet founder...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cult Of Personality: Encyclopedia Ii - Cult Of Personality - History
Throughout history there have always been leaders who have fostered adulation. Many leaders of the Roman Empire and Hellenistic Greece di...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - On The Personality Cult And Its Consequences: Encyclopedia Ii - On The Personality Cult And Its Consequences - Summary
The basic structure of the speech was as follows: Repudiation of Stalin's personality cult Quotations from the classics of Marxism-Leni...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - On The Personality Cult And Its Consequences: Encyclopedia Ii - On The Personality Cult And Its Consequences - History
The issue of mass repressions was recognized before the speech. In fact, the speech was prepared based on the results of a special party ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Apotheosis: Encyclopedia - Apotheosis
Apotheosis means glorification, usually to a divine level, coming from the Greek word apotheoun, "to deify." Apotheosis is most commonly ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Velupillai Prabhakaran: Encyclopedia - Velupillai Prabhakaran
Velupillai Prabhakaran (sometimes spelled Velupillai Pirapaharan) (born November 26, 1954; Valvettithurai, Sri Lanka) is the leader of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia - Wang Mang
Wang Mang (王莽, pinyin: Wáng Măng) (45 BC–October 6, 23), courtesy name Jujun (巨君), was a Han Dynasty official who seized the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter
Ann Hart Coulter (born December 8, 1961) is an American syndicated columnist, bestselling author, and television pundit. Her commentary h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion
Religious conversion is the adoption of new religious beliefs that differ from the convert's previous beliefs; in some cultures (e.g. Jud...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saparmurat Niyazov: Encyclopedia Ii - Saparmurat Niyazov - Personality Cult
Niyazov is an authoritarian leader and is well known for his personality cult. Believing Turkmenistan to be a nation devoid of a national...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia - Opus Dei
The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, commonly known as Opus Dei (Latin for "Work of God") or Opus ("the Work"), is a prelature c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stalinism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stalinism - Points Of View On Stalinism
After Stalin's death in 1953, his successor Nikita Khrushchev repudiated his policies, condemned Stalin's cult of personality in his Secr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Religion - Aspects Of Political Religions
Key memetic qualities often (not all are always strongly present) shared by religion (particularly cults) and political religion include ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cult Figure: Encyclopedia Ii - Cult Figure - Who Is A Cult Figure?
The term cult figure is difficult to define and different people may or may not qualify as cult figures by different standards. The term ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - Regency And Buildup Of Personality Cult
Emperor Ai died suddenly in 1 BC, without heir. In decisive action, Grand Empress Dowager Wang seized power back from Emperor Ai's male f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cult Figure: Encyclopedia Ii - Cult Figure - Selected List Of Cult Figures
Cult figure - Actors and actresses. André the Giant - 6 foot, 10 inch actor and professional wrestler dubbed the "eighth wonder of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saparmurat Niyazov: Encyclopedia Ii - Saparmurat Niyazov - Life Cycle According To Niyazov
Niyazov issued a decree that divides life into the following 12-year cycles: Child: ages 0 to 12 Adolescent: 12 to 24 Youth: 25 to 36 Ma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saparmurat Niyazov: Encyclopedia Ii - Saparmurat Niyazov - Presidential Policies And Foreign Relations
Niyazov is often noted for his unconventional policies. For example, in August 2004, he ordered that a giant ice palace be constructed in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saparmurat Niyazov: Encyclopedia Ii - Saparmurat Niyazov - New Calendar Invented By Niyazov
Months January — Turkmenbashi, in honor of the president February — Baýdak, in honor of the Turkmen flag March — Nowruz, the trad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Velupillai Prabhakaran: Encyclopedia Ii - Velupillai Prabhakaran - Philosophy And Ideology Of Prabhakaran
Prabhakaran has not expressed an all encompassing systematic philosophy or ideology. He joined the Tamil nationalist movement in his yout...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saparmurat Niyazov: Encyclopedia Ii - Saparmurat Niyazov - History
Orphaned at an early age, Niyazov's father died fighting the Germans in World War II and the rest of his family was killed in the massive...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To New Religious Movements And Cults
Conversion to new religious movements (NRM's) is riddled with controversies. The anti-cult movement sometimes uses the term thought refor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Religion - Overview
The term political religion is a sociological one, drawing on the sociological aspects of religion which can be often be found in certain...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Political Religion: Encyclopedia Ii - Political Religion - Possible Or Recent Cases
Political religion - United States. The United States has at times been said to have or have had an extremely weak form of a political ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - Middle Reign: Agrarian Rebellions
For a while, despite the failures of Wang's policies, the people were generally obedient. About 17, as the burdens from the wars and the ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - Early Life And Career
Wang Mang was the son of Wang Man (王曼), the younger brother of Empress Wang Zhengjun, and his wife Qu (渠, family name unknown), bor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - First Tenure As The Commander Of The Armed Forces
After Wang Mang was promoted to this position -- effectively the highest in the imperial government -- he became even better known for hi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To New Religious Movements And Cults
Conversion to new religious movements (NRM's) is riddled with controversies. The anti-cult movement sometimes uses the term thought refor...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - As Acting Emperor
Because the young Emperor Ping had not had any children by his wife Empress Wang or any of his concubines, there was no heir. Further, by...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - Early Reign: Mistakes
Early in his reign, now-Emperor Wang Mang was self-confident and believed that he now had the power to implement his ideals of restoring ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - Late Reign: Hopelessness
In 22, Wang Mang finally saw that (as many of his officials had tried to tell him earlier) that the agrarian rebellions were posing a muc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wang Mang: Encyclopedia Ii - Wang Mang - Retirement During Emperor Ai's Reign
After Wang Mang's resignation, he was initially requested by Emperor Ai to remain at the capital Chang'an and periodically meet him to gi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Books
In 1998, Coulter published High Crimes and Misdemeanors: The Case Against Bill Clinton as the first of several conservative books targeti...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Media Career And Relations With Media Outlets
In 1996, the fledgling television network MSNBC hired Coulter as a legal correspondent and political pundit, launching her media career. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Paula Jones Controversy
Coulter debuted as a figure on the public scene shortly before becoming an unpaid legal advisor working for the attorneys representing Pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Criticism
Ann Coulter has made a career of controversial arguments, many of which infuriate those on the opposite side of the political spectrum, i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Criticism
Ann Coulter has made a career of controversial arguments, many of which infuriate those on the opposite side of the political spectrum, i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Early Life And Career
Born in the village of Scorniceşti in the region of Oltenia, Ceauşescu moved to Bucharest at the age of 11 to become a shoemaker's appr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Leadership Of Romania
Three days after the death of Gheorghiu-Dej in March 1965, Ceauşescu became first secretary of the Romanian Workers' Party. One of his f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Leadership Weaknesses
Ceauşescu's Stalinist control of every aspect of religious life, education, commercial, social and civic further aggravated the situatio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Tensions Grow
By 1989, Ceauşescu was showing signs of complete denial of reality. While the country was going through extremely difficult times with l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Coup
See main article Romanian Revolution of 1989. The events of December 1989 remain controversial. Many, including Filip Teodorescu, a high-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - A Rough Sketch Of Ceauşism
While the term Ceauşism became widely used inside Romania, usually as a pejorative, it never achieved status in academia. This feature c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - The Convert/proselyte
See also the main article proselyte A person who has undergone conversion is called a convert or proselyte. A proselyte (from the Latin w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Islam
One becomes a Muslim by believing Allah (Allah is the unique name of God in Islam) is the only God and Muhammad is Allah 's messenger. A ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Proselytism
The English language word proselytism is derived ultimately from the Greek language verb προσέρχομαι 'to approach, to come tow...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Other
The Ceauşescus had one adopted son, Valentin Ceauşescu (he was adopted in order to give a personal example of how people should take ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Personal Background
Ann Coulter was born in New York City into a Catholic family that she has described as "upper middle class". She was born on December 8, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ann Coulter: Encyclopedia Ii - Ann Coulter - Quotations
The following quotes are examples of Coulter's flamboyant and often inflammatory polemical style. Some view these quotes as humorous exam...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Religious Conversion In International Law
The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights defines religious conversion as a human right: "Everyone has the right to freedo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Judaism
Religious conversion - Procedure. Jewish law guidelines for accepting new converts to Judaism are called "giur". Potential converts sho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Christianity
Telling non-Christians about Christianity has been seen as a duty of Christians since the time of Jesus. According to the New Testament, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Religions Of Indic Origin
Religions of Indic origin such as Hinduism, Sikhism and Buddhism do not believe in conversion as a form of expansion, although they welco...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Ceauşescu's Statesmanship
Under Ceauşescu, Romania was Europe's fourth biggest exporter of weapons. Nevertheless, several of Ceauşescu's actions suggest that one...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Foreign Debt
Despite his increasingly totalitarian rule, Ceauşescu's political independence from the Soviet Union and his protests against the invasi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Revolution
Ceauşescu's regime collapsed after a series of violent events in Timişoara and Bucharest in December 1989. In November 1989 the XIVth C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - The End Of Ceauşescu
Ceauşescu and his wife Elena fled the capital by helicopter together with Emil Bobu and Manea Manescu. They headed for Ceauşescu's Snag...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Other Names
His first name is also transliterated as Josif. His original surname, ჯუღაშვილი (Jughashvili), is also transliterated a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Rise To Power
In 1912 Stalin was co-opted to the Bolshevik Central Committee at the Prague Party Conference. In 1917 Stalin was editor of Pravda, the o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Islam
One becomes a Muslim by believing Allah (Allah is the unique name of God in Islam) is the only God and Muhammad is Allah 's messenger. A ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Proselytism
The English language word proselytism is derived ultimately from the Greek language verb προσέρχομαι 'to approach, to come tow...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - The Convert/proselyte
See also the main article proselyte A person who has undergone conversion is called a convert or proselyte. A proselyte (from the Latin w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Mission In The Catholic Church
Opus Dei was founded by a Roman Catholic priest, Josemaria Escrivá, on 2 October 1928 in Madrid, Spain. According to his personal accoun...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Other
The Ceauşescus had one adopted son, Valentin Ceauşescu (he was adopted in order to give a personal example of how people should take ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Revolution: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Revolution - Background
Cultural Revolution - Great Leap Forward. Main Article: Great Leap Forward In 1957, after China's first Five-Year Plan, Mao Zedong call...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Revolution: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Revolution - The Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution - 1966: The road to democracy begins. On August 8, 1966, the Central Committee of the CCP passed a bill, "Decisions...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Revolution: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Revolution - Time Dominated By Lin Biao
Cultural Revolution - Transition of the party apparatus. On April 1, 1969, at the CCP's Ninth Congress, Lin was the big winner, officia...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Revolution: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Revolution - Time Of The Gang Of Four
Cultural Revolution - Developments and Criticize Confucius Criticize Lin Biao Campaign. Mao Zedong was busy trying to find a new succes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Revolution: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Revolution - After The Revolution
Even though Hua Guofeng publicly denounced and arrested the Gang of Four in 1976, he continued to invoke Mao's name to justify his polici...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Revolution: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Revolution - Effect
The effects of the Cultural Revolution directly or indirectly touched essentially all of China's populace. During the Cultural Revolution...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Vocation, Membership, And Training
Opus Dei - Vocation and membership. In "Vocation to Opus Dei as Vocation in the Church," F. Ocariz (Opus Dei in the Church 1994) says t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Doctrine, Demands, And Consequences
Opus Dei - Novelty of doctrine and controversies. Opus Dei's teachings have received both support and criticisms. John Paul II said Opu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Opus Dei In Society
Opus Dei - Mission and general strategy. From the critics' point of view, Opus Dei is a secretive, right-wing group interested in sprea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Spiritual Teachings: An Overview
One of the central teachings of the Catholic Church's Second Vatican Council is that "All the faithful, whatever their condition or state...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Vocation Membership And Training
Opus Dei - Vocation and membership. In "Vocation to Opus Dei as Vocation in the Church," F. Ocariz (Opus Dei in the Church 1994) says t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Opus Dei: Encyclopedia Ii - Opus Dei - Doctrine Demands And Consequences
Opus Dei - Novelty of doctrine and controversies. Opus Dei's teachings have received both support and criticisms. John Paul II said Opu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Death
On March 1, 1953, after an all-night dinner with interior minister Lavrenty Beria and future premiers Georgi Malenkov, Nikolai Bulganin a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Policies And Accomplishments
Overall, under Stalin's rule the Soviet Union was transformed from an agricultural nation to a global superpower. The USSR's industrialis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Marriages And Family
Stalin's first wife was called Ekaterina Svanidze, he married for just three years until her death in 1907. At her funeral, Stalin said t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Stalin And Changes In Soviet Society
Joseph Stalin - Industrialization. Main article: Industrialization of the USSR. The Russian Civil War and War communism had a devastati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - World War Ii
After declining Franco-British missions to Moscow in hopes that the USSR would enter a treaty of Polish defense with them, Stalin began t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Post-war Era
Following World War II, the Red Army occupied much of the territory that had been formerly held by the Axis countries: there were Soviet ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Joseph Stalin: Encyclopedia Ii - Joseph Stalin - Stalin As Theorist
Stalin made few contributions to Communist (or, more specifically, Marxist-Leninist) theory, but the contributions he did make were accep...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Landmark Education: Encyclopedia Ii - Landmark Education - Results
As noted above, Landmark Education claims that the majority of course participants report dramatic results in the areas of communication,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Religious Conversion In International Law
The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights defines religious conversion as a human right: "Everyone has the right to freedo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Judaism
Religious conversion - Procedure. Jewish law guidelines for accepting new converts to Judaism are called "giur". Potential converts sho...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Religious Conversion: Encyclopedia Ii - Religious Conversion - Conversion To Christianity
Telling non-Christians about Christianity has been seen as a duty of Christians since the time of Jesus. According to the New Testament, ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Early Life And Career
Born in the village of Scorniceşti, Olt County (in the informal region of Oltenia), Ceauşescu moved to Bucharest at the age of 11 to be...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Leadership Of Romania
Three days after the death of Gheorghiu-Dej in March 1965, Ceauşescu became first secretary of the Romanian Workers' Party. One of his f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Ceauşescu's Statesmanship
Under Ceauşescu, Romania was Europe's fourth biggest exporter of weapons. Nevertheless, several of Ceauşescu's actions suggest that one...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Foreign Debt
Despite his increasingly totalitarian rule, Ceauşescu's political independence from the Soviet Union and his protests against the invasi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Leadership Weaknesses
Ceauşescu's Stalinist control of every aspect of religious, educational, commercial, social, and civic life further aggravated the situa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Tensions Grow
By 1989, Ceauşescu was showing signs of complete denial of reality. While the country was going through extremely difficult times with l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Revolution
Ceauşescu's regime collapsed after a series of violent events in Timişoara and Bucharest in December 1989. In November 1989 the XIVth C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - Coup
See main article Romanian Revolution of 1989. The events of December 1989 remain controversial. Many, including Filip Teodorescu, a high-...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nicolae Ceauşescu: Encyclopedia Ii - Nicolae Ceauşescu - The End Of Ceauşescu
Ceauşescu and his wife Elena fled the capital by helicopter together with Emil Bobu and Manea Manescu. They headed for Ceauşescu's Snag...   » Read the article