Asthma is a disease of the human respiratory system in which the airways narrow, often in response to a “trigger” such as exposure to an allergen, cold air, exercise, or emotional stress. This narrowing causes symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, which are the hallmarks of asthma. Between episodes, most patients feel fine. The disorder is a chronic inflammatory condition in which the airways develop increased responsiveness to various stimuli, characterized by bronchial hyper-respon ...

Including:

Asthma - History Asthma - Signs and symptoms Asthma - Diagnosis
Asthma - Differential diagnosis
Asthma - Pathophysiology
Asthma - Bronchoconstriction Asthma - Bronchial inflammation Asthma - The immune response Asthma - Pathogenesis
Asthma - Treatment
Asthma - Relief medication Asthma - Prevention medication Asthma - Long-acting β2-agonists Asthma - Emergency treatment Asthma - Alternative medicine
Asthma - Prognosis Asthma - Epidemiology
Asthma - US Socioeconomic Factors Asthma - Asthma and athletics

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Including:

Bowel obstruction - Causes
Bowel obstruction - Small bowel obstruction Bowel obstruction - Large bowel obstruction Bowel obstruction - Differential diagnosis
Bowel obstruction - Signs symptoms and causes Bowel obstruction - Diagnosis Bowel obstruction - Treatment

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Achalasia or acalasia is a failure of a ring of muscle (as a sphincter) to relax (completely). It refers most commonly to esophageal achalasia, which is a neuromuscular disorder of the esophagus characterized by the reduced ability to move food down the esophagus (peristalsis). In addition, the inability of the cardia ( also called lower esophageal sphincter)- to relax in response to swall ...

Including:

Achalasia - Signs and symptoms Achalasia - Diagnosis Achalasia - Complications Achalasia - Treatment and new expectations

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Aspergillosis is an infection or an allergic response caused by a fungus of the Aspergillus type. It may play a role in allergy, but is best known for causing serious pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients, e.g. those with HIV/AIDS, on chemotherapy or longterm antibiotics. Aspergillosis - Causes incidence and risk factors. Aspergillosis is caused by a fungus (Aspergillus), which is commonly found growing on dead leaves, stored grain, compost piles, or in other decaying vegetation. It caus ...

Including:

Aspergillosis - Causes incidence and risk factors Aspergillosis - Symptoms Aspergillosis - Signs and tests Aspergillosis - Treatment Aspergillosis - Prognosis Aspergillosis - Complications Aspergillosis - Prevention Aspergillosis - Nosocomial aspergillosis Aspergillosis - Source

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A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted. In brain tissue, a reduction of blood flow, ischemia, leads to an ischemic cascade that can damage or kill brain cells. Death of brain tissue can lead to loss of the function controlled by that tissue. Thus stroke is the third leading cause of death and leading cause of adult disability in the US and industrialized European nations (Jauch, 2005), and is a medical emergency. To underscore the seriousness ...

Including:

Stroke - Types of stroke
Stroke - Ischemic stroke Stroke - Hemorrhagic stroke Stroke - Watershed stroke Stroke - Rarer types of stroke
Stroke - Causes
Stroke - Ischemic stroke Stroke - Hemorrhagic stroke Stroke - Watershed stroke
Stroke - Signs and symptoms Stroke - Diagnosis Stroke - Pathophysiology Stroke - Prevention Stroke - Treatment
Stroke - Early assessment Stroke - Ischemic stroke Stroke - Hemorrhagic stroke Stroke - Care and rehabilitation
Stroke - Prognosis Stroke - Risk factors Stroke - History

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Archaeopteryx lithographica (ahr-kee-OP-ter-ix) meaning "ancient wing", because it resembled an ancient bird (Greek archaio = ancient + pteryx = wing), refers to a Jurassic fossil with both bird and dinosaur features, and is widely accepted as the earliest and most primitive known bird. The discovery of the first intact specimen in 1861, two years after Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species, set off a firestorm of debate about evolution and the ro ...

Including:

Archaeopteryx - Primitive bird Archaeopteryx - Fly or hop? Archaeopteryx - Taxonomy

Read more here: » Archaeopteryx: Encyclopedia - Archaeopteryx

An aortic aneurysm is a general term for any swelling (dilatation or aneurysm) of the aorta, usually representing an underlying weakness in the wall of the aorta at that location. While the stretched vessel may occasionally cause discomfort, it is the risk of rupture causing severe pain, massive internal hemorrhage and, without prompt treatment, resulting in a quick death. In addition the aneurysm may split (Aortic dissection) which may block vessels that branch off from the aorta or release blood clots (emboli) causing ...

Including:

Aortic aneurysm - Pathology Aortic aneurysm - Signs symptoms and diagnosis Aortic aneurysm - Location Aortic aneurysm - Medical Treatment Aortic aneurysm - Surgical Treatment Aortic aneurysm - Prevention

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Appendicitis is a condition characterised by inflammation of the appendix. While mild cases may resolve without treatment, most require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. Untreated, mortality is high, mainly due to peritonitis and shock. Appendicitis - Causes. The cause of appendicitis is generally unknown, but the leading theory is that obstruction of the appendiceal orifice is the inciting factor. Obstruction may come from fecal matter lodged in the appendix, impaction ...

Including:

Appendicitis - Causes Appendicitis - Signs symptoms and findings Appendicitis - Diagnosis Appendicitis - Treatment Appendicitis - Prognosis

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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. It is commonly due to impaction (sticking) of a gallstone within the neck of the gall bladder, leading to inspissation of bile, bile stasis, and infection by gut organisms. Cholecystitis may be a cause of right upper quadrant pain. The pain may actually manifest in the right flank or scapular region at first. In severe cases, the gall bladder can rupture and form an abscess. In severe cases, it may lead to a life-threatening infection of the liver called cholangitis. In other cases, it ...

Including:

Cholecystitis - Diagnosis Cholecystitis - Radiology
Cholecystitis - References
Cholecystitis - Therapy Cholecystitis - Complications
Cholecystitis - of cholecystitis Cholecystitis - of cholecystectomy

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Please also visit our sister project, Wikinews, to read and write news articles in more detail. (DST adjusted):  Bangkok: +7 Cairo: +2   Frankfurt: +1   Hong Kong: +8 Johannesburg: +2   London: +0   Melbourne: +11 Mexico City: -6   Moscow: +3   New Delhi: +5.5 New York: -5   Rio de Janeiro: -2   Singapore: +8 Tokyo: +9& ...

Including:

Current events - 8 January 2006 Sunday Current events - 7 January 2006 Saturday Current events - 6 January 2006 Friday Current events - 5 January 2006 Thursday Current events - 4 January 2006 Wednesday Current events - 3 January 2006 Tuesday Current events - 2 January 2006 Monday Current events - 1 January 2006 Sunday
Current events - Events by month

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A headache (medically known as cephalgia) is a condition of mild to severe pain in the head; sometimes upper back or neck pain may also be interpreted as a headache. Headache is the second-most common form of local pain. (The most common is molar pain, i.e. toothache in one or more of the flat-crowned teeth used for grinding food.) Headaches have a wide variety of causes, ranging from eyestrain to inflammation of the sinus cavities to life-threatening conditions such as encephalitis, brain cancer, meningitis, and cerebra ...

Including:

Headache - Pathophysiology Headache - Types Headache - Causes Headache - Diagnosis Headache - Treatment

Read more here: » Headache: Encyclopedia - Headache

The most effective treatment for asthma is identifying triggers, such as pets or aspirin, and limiting or eliminating exposure to them. Desensitization is commonly attempted, but has not been shown to be effective. As is common with respiratory disease, smoking adversely affects asthmatics in several ways, including an increased severity of symptoms, a more rapid decline of lung function, and decreased response to preventive medications.[9] Asthmatics wh ...

See also:

Asthma, Asthma - History, Asthma - Signs and symptoms, Asthma - Diagnosis, Asthma - Differential diagnosis, Asthma - Pathophysiology, Asthma - Bronchoconstriction, Asthma - Bronchial inflammation, Asthma - The immune response, Asthma - Pathogenesis, Asthma - Treatment, Asthma - Relief medication, Asthma - Prevention medication, Asthma - Long-acting β2-agonists, Asthma - Emergency treatment, Asthma - Alternative medicine, Asthma - Prognosis, Asthma - Epidemiology, Asthma - Socioeconomic factors, Asthma - Asthma and athletics

Read more here: » Asthma: Encyclopedia II - Asthma - Treatment

Nosocomial infection is defined as the acquisition of clinical infection as a result of medical intervention, and is usually applied to infections acquired in hospital. Due to almost constant need for updating and expanding of medical services, renovation and construction are common occurrences in health care facilities. Fungal spores are released during repair, maintenance and construction. The spores are small and stay airborne for considerable periods of time. They may also spread long distances. Exposure to fungal spores constitut ...

See also:

Aspergillosis, Aspergillosis - Causes incidence and risk factors, Aspergillosis - Symptoms, Aspergillosis - Signs and tests, Aspergillosis - Treatment, Aspergillosis - Prognosis, Aspergillosis - Complications, Aspergillosis - Prevention, Aspergillosis - Nosocomial aspergillosis, Aspergillosis - Source

Read more here: » Aspergillosis: Encyclopedia II - Aspergillosis - Nosocomial aspergillosis

Bowel obstruction - Small bowel obstruction. Causes of small bowel obstruction include: Adhesions from previous abdominal surgery Hernias containing bowel Neoplasms, benign or malignant Inflammatory bowel disease causing adhesions or inflammatory strictures Intussusception in children Volvulus Ischaemic strictures Foreign bodies (e.g. gallstones in gallstone ileus, swallowed objects) Bowel o ...

See also:

Bowel obstruction, Bowel obstruction - Causes, Bowel obstruction - Small bowel obstruction, Bowel obstruction - Large bowel obstruction, Bowel obstruction - Differential diagnosis, Bowel obstruction - Signs symptoms and causes, Bowel obstruction - Diagnosis, Bowel obstruction - Treatment

Read more here: » Bowel obstruction: Encyclopedia II - Bowel obstruction - Causes

If non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is diagnosed, the doctor needs to learn the stage, or extent, of the disease. Staging is a careful attempt to find out whether the cancer has spread and, if so, what parts of the body are affected. Treatment decisions depend on these findings. The doctor considers the following to determine the stage of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: The number and location of affected lymph nodes; Whether the affected lymph nodes are above, below, or on both sides of the diaphragm (the thin muscle under the lu ...

See also:

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Symptoms, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Diagnosis, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Etiology, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Staging, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Stages of NHL, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Treatment, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Clinical trials, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Nutrition, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Prognosis, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Followup care, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Etiology, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Notable NHL patients

Read more here: » Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Encyclopedia II - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Staging

Meningitis has a high mortality rate if it goes untreated and is thus a severe medical emergency. All suspected cases, however mild, need emergency medical attention. Early treatment of bacterial meningitis is important to its outcome. Strong doses of general antibiotics may be prescribed first, followed by intravenous antibiotics in more severe cases. Broad spectrum antibiotics should be started even before the culture results are available, on the presumption that all cases are bacterial in nature, until otherwise proven. If lumbar punctur ...

See also:

Meningitis, Meningitis - Features, Meningitis - Diagnosis, Meningitis - Pathophysiology, Meningitis - Pathology, Meningitis - Causes, Meningitis - Infectious, Meningitis - Non-infectious, Meningitis - Treatment, Meningitis - Vaccination, Meningitis - Epidemiology, Meningitis - Western World, Meningitis - The African Meningitis Belt, Meningitis - History

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It consists of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (under its alternative name hydroxydoxorubicin), vincristine (under its brand name Oncovin®), and prednisone. This regimen can also be combined with the monoclonal antibody rituximab if the lymphoma is of B cell origin. Typically, courses are administered at an interval of three weeks. A staging CT scan is generally performed after three cycles to assess wh ...

See also:

CHOP, CHOP - Uses and indications, CHOP - Side-effects and complications, CHOP - History

Read more here: » CHOP: Encyclopedia II - CHOP - Uses and indications

In muscles, cysts cause painless swelling or create nodules under the skin. If cysts form in the eye, they can impair vision by floating in the eye and can cause blindness by causing swelling and detachment of the retina. Heart lesions can lead to abnormal rhythms or heart failure (rare). The most dangerous symptoms are a result of encystment in the central nervous system. According to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Parasitic Diseases, in neurocysticercosis (cysticercosis of the brain), "seizures, and headach ...

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Cysticercosis, Cysticercosis - Symptoms, Cysticercosis - Diagnosis, Cysticercosis - Treatment, Cysticercosis - Prevention, Cysticercosis - References in Popular Culture, Cysticercosis - House, Cysticercosis - Notes

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Silica is the second most common mineral on earth. It is found in concrete, masonry, sandstone, rock, paint, and other abrasives. The cutting, breaking, crushing, drilling, grinding, or abrasive blasting of these materials may produce fine silica dust. It can also be in soil, mortar, plaster, and shingles. Silicosis is due to deposition of fine dust (less than 1μm in diameter) containing crystalline alp ...

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Silicosis, Silicosis - Silica, Silicosis - Pathology, Silicosis - Prevalence, Silicosis - Symptoms, Silicosis - Types of Silicosis, Silicosis - Diagnosis, Silicosis - Treatment, Silicosis - Prevention

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Symptoms of subdural hemorrhage have a slower onset than those of epidural hemorrhages because the lower pressure veins bleed more slowly than arteries. Thus, signs and symptoms may show up within 24 hours but can be delayed as much as 2 weeks (Sanders and McKenna, 2001). If the bleeds are large enough to put pressure on the brain, signs of increased ICP or damage to part of the brain will be present (Wagner, 2004). Other signs and symptoms of subdural hematoma include the following: A history of recent head injury < ...

See also:

Subdural hematoma, Subdural hematoma - Causes, Subdural hematoma - Signs and symptoms, Subdural hematoma - Features, Subdural hematoma - Subtypes, Subdural hematoma - Pathophysiology, Subdural hematoma - Treatment, Subdural hematoma - Risk factors, Subdural hematoma - Prevention

Read more here: » Subdural hematoma: Encyclopedia II - Subdural hematoma - Signs and symptoms