Thalidomide (C13H10N2O4; phthalimido-glutarimide; one of a number of systematic names is 2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione) is a sedative and hypnotic drug. Thalidomide was synthesized at Chemie Grünenthal in West Germany in 1953. Thalidomide is racemic — it contains both left and right handed isomers in equal amounts: one enantiomer is effective against morning sickness, and the other is teratogenic. The enantiomers are converted to each other in vivo. That is ...

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Thalidomide, Thalidomide - The thalidomide tragedy, Thalidomide - Clinical uses, Thalidomide - Side effects, Thalidomide - Technical details, Thalidomide - Teratogenic mechanism, Thalidomide - Famous children of thalidomide

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The mother usually receives regional anaesthesia (spinal or epidural), allowing her to remain awake for the delivery and avoiding sedation of the infant. In modern practice, general anesthesia for caesarean section is becoming increasingly rare as scientific research has now clearly established the benefits of regional aneasthesia for both the mother and baby. ...

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Caesarean section, Caesarean section - Etymology, Caesarean section - Types, Caesarean section - Indications, Caesarean section - Risks, Caesarean section - Prevalence, Caesarean section - Anaesthesia, Caesarean section - Vaginal births after caesarean, Caesarean section - History, Caesarean section - Caesareans in fiction

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The only treatment is a life-long gluten-free diet. No medications are required, and none have proven useful; trials with immunosuppressive medicines (to control the bowel inflammation) have been largely unsuccessful. Therefore, coeliacs do not need any medication; the disease can be controlled by strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, which allows the intestines to heal and resolves all symptoms in the vast majority of cases and, depending on how soon the diet is begun, can also eliminate the heightene ...

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Coeliac disease, Coeliac disease - Signs and symptoms, Coeliac disease - Diagnosis, Coeliac disease - Tests, Coeliac disease - Biopsy appearance, Coeliac disease - Causes, Coeliac disease - Pathophysiology, Coeliac disease - Treatment, Coeliac disease - Epidemiology, Coeliac disease - Social impact, Coeliac disease - Lifelong diet, Coeliac disease - Coeliacs and the Eucharist, Coeliac disease - Coeliacs and Passover, Coeliac disease - Footnotes

Read more here: » Coeliac disease: Encyclopedia II - Coeliac disease - Treatment

Before the widespread use of a vaccine against measles, its incidence was so high that as of 2004, any patient over the age of 55 is assumed to have had measles in the past. Today, because of vaccination, the incidence of measles has fallen to less than one percent of people under the age of 30 in countries with routine childhood vaccination. Measles has a significant complication rate, which includes pneumonitis and encephalitis. Studies, such as a Centers for Disease Control (CDC) report on the effect of vaccination against measles in Africa between 1996-2002, have shown that vaccination markedly r ...

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MMR vaccine, MMR vaccine - Epidemiology, MMR vaccine - The MMR controversy, MMR vaccine - Dr. Andrew Wakefield's report, MMR vaccine - Recent studies

Read more here: » MMR vaccine: Encyclopedia II - MMR vaccine - Epidemiology

Biogen Idec's principal competitors include Teva, Serono, and Schering AG/Berlex. As of 2004, Biogen Idec derives most of its income from sales of multiple sclerosis treatment Avonex and from partnership royalties on Rituxan from Genentech, which markets Rituxan) in the US. Roche markets Rituxan outside the US as Mabthera. As of 2005, Biogen Idec derives most of its income from sales of multiple sclerosis treatment Avonex, and from partnership royalties from its product Rituxan, market in the US by Genentech. Outside of the US, Rituxan ...

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Biogen Idec, Biogen Idec - Locations of operation, Biogen Idec - Competitors, Biogen Idec - Management, Biogen Idec - News

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Anastacia singer - Albums. Total sales UK: 3 million US: 725,000 Worldwide: 31 million Anastacia singer - Singles. ...

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Anastacia singer, Anastacia singer - Not That Kind - The Beginning, Anastacia singer - Freak of Nature, Anastacia singer - Anastacia & Pieces of a Dream: Best Of, Anastacia singer - Discography, Anastacia singer - Albums, Anastacia singer - Singles, Anastacia singer - Links

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Crohn's disease - Short-term. The bowel shows segmental "hose pipe" thickening and shows full thickness chronic inflammation, giant cell granulomas, and fissures with acute inflammation. Fistula formation is quite common in Crohn's. Bowel obstruction is a known complication which may require surgical resection. Approximately 50% of surgical cases require additional surgery within five years because the disease tends to reappear at the site where the bowel was rejoined, and some patients eventually develop short b ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name, Crohn's disease - Literature

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Complications

Crohn's disease - Medication. Steroids are often necessary in initial stages and during flare-ups, although long-term steroid therapy is discouraged because of its well-known side effects. Traditionally, corticosteroids such as prednisone are used because they have the longest medical history of anti-inflammatory use. However, their side-effects are also the most severe, causing insulin resistance and frank diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), glaucoma, osteoporosis, severe psychological issues, and man ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name, Crohn's disease - Literature

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Treatment

The disease typically first appears in young adults in their late teens and twenties, although it is not unknown for symptoms to first appear quite late in life. Additionally, there has been an increase in cases occurring in young children. Recent studies suggest that up to 30% of all newly diagnosed cases are in children and teens under the age of 18. Estimates suggest that up to 60,000 people in the UK (about 1 in 1200) and 1,000,000 Americans have the disease (around 1 in 300). Some ethnic groups (such as Ashkenazi Jews) have a significan ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name, Crohn's disease - Literature

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Epidemiology

Crohn's disease - Short-term. The bowel shows segmental "hose pipe" thickening and shows full thickness chronic inflammation, giant cell granulomas, and fissures with acute inflammation. Fistula formation is quite common in Crohn's. Bowel obstruction is a known complication which may require surgical resection. Approximately 50% of surgical cases require additional surgery within five years because the disease tends to reappear at the site where the bowel was rejoined, and some patients eventually develop short b ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Complications

Crohn's disease - Medication. Steroids are often necessary in initial stages and during flare-ups, although long-term steroid therapy is discouraged because of its well-known side effects. Traditionally, corticosteroids such as prednisone are used because they have the longest medical history of anti-inflammatory use. However, their side-effects are also the most severe, causing insulin resistance and frank diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), glaucoma, osteoporosis, severe psychological issues, and man ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Treatment

The disease typically first appears in young adults in their late teens and twenties, although it is not unknown for symptoms to first appear quite late in life. Additionally, there has been an increase in cases occurring in young children. Recent studies suggest that up to 30% of all newly diagnosed cases are in children and teens under the age of 18. Estimates suggest that up to 60,000 people in the UK (about 1 in 1200) and 1,000,000 Americans have the disease (around 1 in 300). Some ethnic groups (such as Ashkenazi Jews) have a significan ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Epidemiology

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are quite distinct diseases but in practice there are sometimes difficulties distinguishing between them, especially in mild cases - these are usually simply classified as "chronic inflammatory bowel disease" or "indeterminate colitis". Crohn's disease is often initially misdiagnosed as food poisoning, gastroenteritis, appendicitis (due to the common locus of pain in the lower right-ha ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name, Crohn's disease - Literature

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are quite distinct diseases but in practice there are sometimes difficulties distinguishing between them, especially in mild cases - these are usually simply classified as "chronic inflammatory bowel disease" or "indeterminate colitis". Crohn's disease is often initially misdiagnosed as food poisoning, gastroenteritis, appendicitis (due to the common locus of pain in the lower right-ha ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis

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