Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract and it can involve any part of it, from the mouth to the anus. It typically affects the caecum and/or the terminal ileum as well as demarcated areas of large bowel, with other areas of the bowel being relatively unaffected. It is often associated with auto-immune disorders outside the bowel, such as aphthous stomatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Crohn's disease should not be confused with a non-progressive and non-degenerative digestive disorder called irri ...

Including:

• Crohn's disease - Symptoms
• Crohn's disease - Epidemiology
• Crohn's disease - Causes
• Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora
• Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA
• Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG
• Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA
• Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection
• Crohn's disease - Complications
• Crohn's disease - Short-term
• Crohn's disease - Long-term risks
• Crohn's disease - Treatment
• Crohn's disease - Medication
• Crohn's disease - Surgery
• Crohn's disease - Dietary
• Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research
• Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis
• Crohn's disease - History and name

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia - Crohn's disease

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name, Crohn's disease - Literature

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Causes

Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora. The efficacy of immunosuppression, as well as scanty reports of complete disease resolution after bone marrow transplant, is highly suggestive of an autoimmune pathogenesis. A definite epitope to which the autoimmunity is directed is unknown, which also hampers the search for a virus or other pat ...

See also:

Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease - Symptoms, Crohn's disease - Epidemiology, Crohn's disease - Causes, Crohn's disease - Barrier problem and autoimmunity to the luminal flora, Crohn's disease - Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies ASCA IgG and IgA, Crohn's disease - Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ANCA IgG, Crohn's disease - OmpC IgA, Crohn's disease - Mycobacterial infection, Crohn's disease - Complications, Crohn's disease - Short-term, Crohn's disease - Long-term risks, Crohn's disease - Treatment, Crohn's disease - Medication, Crohn's disease - Surgery, Crohn's disease - Dietary, Crohn's disease - Helminthic therapy Current research, Crohn's disease - Differential diagnosis, Crohn's disease - History and name

Read more here: » Crohn's disease: Encyclopedia II - Crohn's disease - Causes

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of the bowel that usually affects the distal end of the large intestine and rectum. It has no known cause, although there is a genetic component to susceptibility. Ulcerative colitis - Features. Chronic diarrhoea (sometimes bloody). Other symptoms may include abdominal pain and discomfort, bloating, and nausea. No infective cause of diarrhea found. Inflammatory changes are most often confined to the left side and distal parts of the large ...

Including:

• Ulcerative colitis - Features
• Ulcerative colitis - Comparison to Crohn's disease
• Ulcerative colitis - Cause
• Ulcerative colitis - Diagnosis
• Ulcerative colitis - Course
• Ulcerative colitis - Treatment
• Ulcerative colitis - Current research and treatment alternatives

Read more here: » Ulcerative colitis: Encyclopedia - Ulcerative colitis

Azathioprine is a chemotherapy drug, now rarely used for chemotherapy but more for immunosuppression in organ transplantation and autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease or Crohn's disease. It is a pro-drug, converted in the body to the active metabolite 6-mercaptopurine. Azathioprine was first introduced into clinical practice by Sir Roy Calne, the British pioneer in transplantation. Following the work done by Sir Peter Medawar in discovering the immunological basis of rejection of transpl ...

Including:

• Azathioprine - Reference
• Azathioprine - External link

Read more here: » Azathioprine: Encyclopedia - Azathioprine

An anal fissure is an unnatural crack or tear in the anus, usually extending from the anal opening and the midline of the anus. Anal fissure - Causes. Most anal fissures are caused by stretching of the anal mucosa beyond its capability. Various causes of this fissure include: Straining to defecate, especially if the stool is hard and dry Severe and chronic constipation Severe and chronic diarrhea Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis Rough anal sex ...

Including:

• Anal fissure - Causes
• Anal fissure - Symptoms
• Anal fissure - Prevention
• Anal fissure - Treatment

Read more here: » Anal fissure: Encyclopedia - Anal fissure

The intestine is the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is further subivided into the duodenum, jejunum and ileum while the large intestine is subdivided into the cecum, colon and rectum. The intestine is the part of the body responsible for extracting nutrition from food. While the stomach's role mainly consists in "breaking" food molecules into nutrients, the intestine allows these nutrient ...

Including:

• Intestine - Diseases of the intestine

Read more here: » Intestine: Encyclopedia - Intestine

In medicine, clubbing (or digital clubbing) is a deformity of the fingers and fingernails that is associated with a number of diseases, mostly of the heart and lungs. Idiopathic clubbing can also occur. Hippocrates was probably the first to document clubbing as a sign of disease, and the phenomenon is therefore occasionally called Hippocratic fingers. Clubbing - Signs and diagnosis. Clubbing develops in five steps:[1]Including:

• Clubbing - Signs and diagnosis
• Clubbing - Disease associations
• Clubbing - Isolated clubbing
• Clubbing - HPOA
• Clubbing - Primary HOA
• Clubbing - Pathophysiology

Read more here: » Clubbing: Encyclopedia - Clubbing

Nausea (Greek Ναυτεία) is the sensation of unease and discomfort in the stomach with an urge to vomit. Nausea - Causes. Nausea is a symptom of many conditions. It is also an adverse effect of many drugs. In medicine, nausea is a particular problem during some chemotherapy regimens and following general anaesthesia. Nausea is also a common symptom of pregnancy. Other causes include: altitude sickness, angina, brain tumor, cirrhosis, clinical depression, coeliac disea ...

Including:

• Nausea - Causes
• Nausea - Treatment

Read more here: » Nausea: Encyclopedia - Nausea

In anatomy of the digestive system, the colon or large intestine or large bowel is the part of the intestine from the cecum to the rectum. Its primary purpose is to extract water from feces. In mammals, it consists of the cecum, ascending colon and approximately the first two-thirds of the transverse colon on the right (or proximal) side and the last third of the transverse colon to the splenic flexure, the descending colon, the sigmo ...

Including:

• Ascending colon - Diseases of the colon
• Ascending colon - Role in digestion

Read more here: » Ascending colon: Encyclopedia - Ascending colon

An abscess is a collection of pus collected in a cavity formed by the tissue on the basis of an infectious process (usually caused by bacteria or parasites) or other foreign materials (e.g. splinters or bullet wounds). It is a defensive reaction of the tissue to prevent the spread of infectious materials to other parts of the body. The organisms or foreign materials that gain access to a part of tissue kill the local cells, release toxins and trigger an inflammatory response by drawing huge amounts of white blood cells to the a ...

Including:

• Abscess - Manifestations
• Abscess - Treatment
• Abscess - Perianal abscess

Read more here: » Abscess: Encyclopedia - Abscess

In physiology, corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. Glucocorticoids such as cortisol control carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and are anti-inflammatory by preventing phospholipid release, decreasing eosinophil action and a number of o ...

Including:

• Corticosteroid - Uses
• Corticosteroid - History

Read more here: » Corticosteroid: Encyclopedia - Corticosteroid

Enteritis is the inflammation of the small intestine (inflammation of the large intestine is termed colitis, while enterocolitis refers to an inflammation of both the large and small intestine.). Enteritis - Signs and symptoms. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension and hematochezia. If there is vomiting, gastroenteritis is the more correct diagnosis. Enteropathy Enteritis - Diagnosis. Generally a good h ...

Including:

• Enteritis - Signs and symptoms
• Enteritis - Diagnosis
• Enteritis - Treatment

Read more here: » Enteritis: Encyclopedia - Enteritis

Autoimmune diseases arise from an overactive immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body. In other words, the body attacks its own cells. Today there are more than 40 human diseases classified as either definite or probable autoimmune diseases, and they affect 5% to 7% of the population. Almost all autoimmune diseases appear without warning or apparent cause, and most patients suffer from fatigue. The causes of autoimmune diseases are still obscure: Some are thought to be either examp ...

Including:

• Autoimmune diseases - Autoimmune diseases
• Autoimmune diseases - Accepted
• Autoimmune diseases - Suspected
• Autoimmune diseases - Reference

Read more here: » Autoimmune diseases: Encyclopedia - Autoimmune diseases

In anatomy of the digestive system, the colon, also called the large intestine or large bowel, is the part of the intestine from the cecum to the rectum. Its primary purpose is to extract water from feces. In mammals, it consists of the cecum, ascending colon and approximately the first two-thirds of the transverse colon on the right (or proximal) side and the last third of the transverse colon to the splenic flexure, the descending colon, the sigmo ...

Including:

• Colon anatomy - Role in digestion
• Colon anatomy - Diseases of the colon

Read more here: » Colon anatomy: Encyclopedia - Colon anatomy

Cleanliness is the absence of dirt, including dust, stains and bad smells. In more recent times, since the germ theory of disease, it has also come to mean an absence of germs and other hazardous materials. A recent shift has now taken place to recognise that ‘dirt’ may play a useful role in our immune systems. This shift in thinking can be traced back to 1989, when David Strachan put forth the ‘hygiene hypothesis’ in the British Medicine Journal. Strachan looked at the records of 17,000 British children and foun ...

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A 24 week trial with 29 Crohn's disease patients showed remarkable results. After 24 weeks 79.3% of the patients showed a response to the treatment and 72.4% of the patients were in remission. 100% of patients which were on immunosupressive treatment at the time of the study showed a response to the treatment after 24 weeks.1 A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 59 Ulcerative Colitis patients was done by the same group of researchers. Combining data of the trial, 47.8% of the patients given helminths showed a response compared to 15.4% of those who received a placebo. No side eff ...

See also:

Helminthic therapy, Helminthic therapy - Trial results

Read more here: » Helminthic therapy: Encyclopedia II - Helminthic therapy - Trial results

Although much progress has been made in the last 20 years, in understanding and treating the disease, a definitive treatment or cure for Ulcerative colitis still eludes modern medicine. Therefore, treatment for Ulcerative colitis actually aims at inducing remission, preventing relapse, improving nutritional deficiency, and ensuring normal growth and development in child patients. This is achieved primarily through medication, and sometimes surgery. Anti-inflammatory drugs (such as sulfasalazine or mesalamine) are often used, and ...

See also:

Ulcerative colitis, Ulcerative colitis - Features, Ulcerative colitis - Comparison to Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis - Cause, Ulcerative colitis - Diagnosis, Ulcerative colitis - Course, Ulcerative colitis - Treatment, Ulcerative colitis - Current research and treatment alternatives

Read more here: » Ulcerative colitis: Encyclopedia II - Ulcerative colitis - Treatment

Although great progress has been made in the last 20 years, in understanding and treating the disease, a definitive treatment or cure for Ulcerative colitis still eludes modern medicine. Therefore, treatment for Ulcerative colitis actually aims at inducing remission, preventing relapse, improving nutritional deficiency, and ensuring normal growth and development in child patients. This is achieved primarily through medication, and sometimes surgery. Anti-inflammatory drugs (such as sulfasalazine or mesalamine) are often used, an ...

See also:

Ulcerative colitis, Ulcerative colitis - Symptoms, Ulcerative colitis - Comparison to Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis - Cause, Ulcerative colitis - Diagnosis, Ulcerative colitis - Course, Ulcerative colitis - Treatment, Ulcerative colitis - Current research and treatment alternatives

Read more here: » Ulcerative colitis: Encyclopedia II - Ulcerative colitis - Treatment

Ulcerative colitis - Comparison to Crohn's disease. Ulcerative colitis is similar to Crohn's disease, but there are characteristic differences. Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon and cannot "migrate" to the small intestine, while Crohn's disease can affect the entire digestive tract. Complete colon removal can thus be considered a "cure" for ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is usually confined to the mucosal and submucosal lining of the colon, and affects whole areas of intestine. Crohn's disease, on ...

See also:

Ulcerative colitis, Ulcerative colitis - Features, Ulcerative colitis - Comparison to Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis - Cause, Ulcerative colitis - Diagnosis, Ulcerative colitis - Course, Ulcerative colitis - Treatment, Ulcerative colitis - Current research and treatment alternatives

Read more here: » Ulcerative colitis: Encyclopedia II - Ulcerative colitis - Features