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Crisis of the Third Century

A Wisdom Archive on Crisis of the Third Century

Crisis of the Third Century

A selection of articles related to Crisis of the Third Century

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Crisis of the Third Century, Crisis of the Third Century - Economic Impact, Crisis of the Third Century - History, Aurelian, Claudius II, Diocletian, Gallienus, Postumus, Roman Emperor (Crisis of the Third Century), Battle of Naissus, Battle of Lake Benacus, Zenobia

ARTICLES RELATED TO Crisis of the Third Century

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - List of Roman Emperors - Crisis of the Third Century

List of Roman Emperors - Emperors during the height of the Crisis. List of Roman Emperors - Gallic Empire 260 to 274. List of Roman Emperors - Illyrian Emperors. ...

See also:

List of Roman Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - The Principate, List of Roman Emperors - Julio-Claudian dynasty, List of Roman Emperors - Year of the four emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Flavian Dynasty, List of Roman Emperors - Nervan-Antonian dynasty - Five Good Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Severan Dynasty African Asian and Syrian Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Crisis of the Third Century, List of Roman Emperors - Emperors during the height of the Crisis, List of Roman Emperors - Gallic Empire 260 to 274, List of Roman Emperors - Illyrian Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Tetrarchies unifications and new splits, List of Roman Emperors - Dominate, List of Roman Emperors - Britannic Empire 286 to 297, List of Roman Emperors - Late Roman Empire

Read more here: » List of Roman Emperors: Encyclopedia II - List of Roman Emperors - Crisis of the Third Century

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Crisis of the Third Century
Crisis of the Third Century (also known as the "Military Anarchy" or the "Imperial Crisis" ) is a commonly applied name for the crumbling and near collapse of the Roman Empire between 235 and 284 caused by the three simultaneous crises of external invasion, internal civil war and economic collapse. The changes in the institutions, society, economic life and eventually religion were so profound and fundamental, the "Crisis of the Third Century" is increasingly seen as the watershed marking the difference between the classic ...

Including:

Read more here: » Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Crisis of the Third Century

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Crisis of the Third Century - Economic Impact

Internally the empire faced runaway hyperinflation caused by years of coinage devaluation. This had started earlier under the Severan emperors who enlarged the army by one quarter and doubled the base pay. As each of the short-lived emperors took power they needed ways to raise money quickly to pay the military's "acession bonus" and the easiest way to do so was by simply cutting the silver in coins with less valuable metals. This had the predictable effect of causing runaway inflation and by the time Diocletian came to power the old coinage ...

See also:

Crisis of the Third Century, Crisis of the Third Century - History, Crisis of the Third Century - Economic Impact

Read more here: » Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Crisis of the Third Century - Economic Impact

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Praetorian Guard - History

The term "Praetorian" came from the tent of the commanding general or praetor of a Roman army in the field—the praetorium. It was a habit of many Roman generals to choose from the ranks a private force of soldiers to act as bodyguards of the tent or the person. They consisted of both infantry and cavalry. In time, this cohort came to be known as the cohors praetoria, and various notable figures possessed one, including Julius Caesar, Mark Antony and Caesar Augustus (Octavian). As Caesar discovered with the Legio X Equestri ...

See also:

Praetorian Guard, Praetorian Guard - History, Praetorian Guard - Early Guard, Praetorian Guard - Political meddling, Praetorian Guard - Guard's Twilight Years, Praetorian Guard - Legacy Of The Guard, Praetorian Guard - Relationships between emperors and their Guard, Praetorian Guard - Organization and conditions of service, Praetorian Guard - Rank and file, Praetorian Guard - Modern analogous uses of the term, Praetorian Guard - External link

Read more here: » Praetorian Guard: Encyclopedia II - Praetorian Guard - History

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (63 BC-12 BC) was a Roman statesman and general. He was close friend, son-in-law and minister to Octavian, the future emperor Caesar Augustus. He was responsible for most of Octavian’s military triumphs, most notably winning the naval Battle of Actium against the forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa - Early Life. Agrippa was of humble birth, being born in the countryside outside of Rome. He was of the same age as Octavian and the two were close childhood f ...

Including:

Read more here: » Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: Encyclopedia - Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of the city-state of Rome, founded on the Italian peninsula in the 8th century BCE. During its twelve-century existence, the Roman civilization shifted from a monarchy to an oligarchic republic to a vast empire. It came to dominate Western Europe and the entire area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea through conquest and assimilation, but eventually succumbed to barbarian invasions in the 5th century, marking the decline of the ...

Including:

Read more here: » Ancient Rome: Encyclopedia - Ancient Rome

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - 3rd century

3rd century - Overview. 3rd century - Events. The Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east, 230 - 232 Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire Emperor Valerian I is taken captive by the Persian King of Kings Shapur I, 260 End of Yayoi era and beginning of Kofun era, the first part of the Yamato period in Japan Sarnath becomes a center of Buddhist arts in India Diffu ...

Including:

Read more here: » 3rd century: Encyclopedia - 3rd century

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - 235

235 - Events. Maximinus Thrax becomes Roman Emperor. Having a Gothic father and an Alan mother, he is the first foreigner to hold the Roman throne. His accession led to the Crisis of the Third Century. A number of church leaders, among which Pope Pontian and Hippolytus, are exiled to Sardinia. November 21 - Pope Anterus succeeds Pope Pontian. Origen makes revisions to the Septuagint. 235 - Births. 235 - Deaths. < ...

Including:

Read more here: » 235: Encyclopedia - 235

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire

The Western Roman Empire is the name given to the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian in 286 AD. It would exist intermittently in several periods between the 3rd Century and the 5th Century, after Diocletian's Tetrarchy and the reunifications associated with Constantine the Great. Theodosius the Great was the last Roman Emperor who ruled both east and west, and he died in 395 AD. After him the Roman Empire was definitably divided and the Western Roman Empire ended with the abdication of Romulus Augustus under pressur ...

Including:

Read more here: » Western Roman Empire: Encyclopedia - Western Roman Empire

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Victorinus

Marcus Piav(v)onius Victorinus was emperor of the successionist Gallic Empire from 268 to 270 or 271, following the brief reign of Marius. Victorinus, born to a family of great wealth, was a soldier under Postumus, the first of the so-called Gallic emperors. Victorinus held the title of tribunus praetorianorum in 266/267, and was co-consul with Postumus in 267 or 268. Following the death of Marius, Victorinus was declare ...

Including:

Read more here: » Victorinus: Encyclopedia - Victorinus

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Barracks emperor

A Barracks Emperor is a Roman Emperor who seized power by virtue of his command of Imperial military forces (a barracks is a building used to house soldiers). Barracks Emperors were especially common in the period from 235 through 284, during the Crisis of the Third Century. There were approximately fourteen Barracks Emperors in 33 years, producing an average reign of a little over two years apiece. The resulting instability in the Imperial office and the near constant state of civil war and insurrection threatened to destroy the Roma ...

Including:

Read more here: » Barracks emperor: Encyclopedia - Barracks emperor

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Aurelian

Lucius Domitius Aurelianus (September 9, 214–275), known in English as Aurelian, Roman Emperor (270–275), was the second of several highly successful "soldier-emperors" who helped the Roman Empire regain its power during the latter part of the third century and the beginning of the fourth. During his reign, the Empire was reunited in its entirety, following 15 years of rebellion, the loss of two-thirds of its territory to usurpers and devastating barbarian invasions. His success brought an end to the Empire's Crisis of the ...

Including:

Read more here: » Aurelian: Encyclopedia - Aurelian

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire

Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων Roman (Byzantine) Empire Motto: Βασιλεὺς Βασιλέων Βασιλεύων Βασιλευόντων (Greek: King of Kings Ruling Over Rulers) The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. In certain s ...

Including:

Read more here: » Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia - Byzantine Empire

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia - 250s

Centuries: 2nd century - 3rd century - 4th century Decades: 200s - 210s - 220s - 230s - 240s - 250s - 260s - 270s - 280s - 290s - 300s Years: 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 250s - Events. Crisis of the Third Century End of Yayoi era and beginning of Kofun era, the first part of the Yamato period in Japan. Martyrdom of St. Denis. 250s - Significant people. Cniva, King of the Goths Decius, R ...

Including:

Read more here: » 250s: Encyclopedia - 250s

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Tetrarchy - Tetrarchic regions and capitals

The four Tetrarchs based themselves not at Rome but in other cities closer to the frontiers, mainly intended as headquarters for the defence of the empire against bordering rivals (notably Sassanian Persia) and barbarians (mainly Germanic and Berber tribes). These centres are known as the 'Tetrarchic capitals'. Although Rome ceased to be an operational capital, it continued to be nominal capital of the entire empire, not reduced to a province but ...

See also:

Tetrarchy, Tetrarchy - Creation of the Tetrarchy, Tetrarchy - Tetrarchic regions and capitals, Tetrarchy - Public image, Tetrarchy - Military successes, Tetrarchy - Fall of the Tetrarchy, Tetrarchy - Confusion and collapse, Tetrarchy - End of the Tetrarchy, Tetrarchy - Legacy, Tetrarchy - Lesser Tetrarchies, Tetrarchy - Sources and References

Read more here: » Tetrarchy: Encyclopedia II - Tetrarchy - Tetrarchic regions and capitals

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Diocletian - Diocletian's reforms

His position secure, a remarkable feat after over fifty years of internal instability that nearly saw the collapse of the Roman Empire (what has become known as the Crisis of the Third Century), Diocletian believed that going forward under the current system of Roman Imperial government was unsustainable. He initiated a number of reforms to prevent a return to the anarchy of previous generations and maintain the viability of the Empire. These included splitting the Empire into two in order to be more manageable, creating a new system of Impe ...

See also:

Diocletian, Diocletian - Background, Diocletian - Diocletian's reforms, Diocletian - The Tetrarchy, Diocletian - Economic reforms, Diocletian - Military reforms, Diocletian - Retirement and death, Diocletian - Legacy, Diocletian - Dioceses of Diocletian, Diocletian - Diocletian in fiction, Diocletian - Footnotes, Diocletian - Further reading, Diocletian - External links

Read more here: » Diocletian: Encyclopedia II - Diocletian - Diocletian's reforms

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Aurelian - Rise to power

Born to an obscure provincial family in Sirmium (city in Pannonia), his career began during the reign of emperor Valerian, when he earned a consulship. Later on, he served as a general in several wars, and his success ultimately made him the right-hand man and cavalry commander of the army of Emperor Gallienus. In 268, his cavalry routed the powerful cavalry force of the Goths at the battle of Naissus and broke the back of the most fearsome i ...

See also:

Aurelian, Aurelian - Rise to power, Aurelian - Against the Germans, Aurelian - Against the Palmyrene Empire, Aurelian - Against the Gallic Empire, Aurelian - Death, Aurelian - Sources

Read more here: » Aurelian: Encyclopedia II - Aurelian - Rise to power

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I

The reign of Justinian I, which began in 527, saw a period of extensive imperial conquests of former Roman territories (indicated in green on the map below). The 6th century also saw the beginning of a long series of conflicts with the Byzantine Empire's traditional early enemies, such as the Sassanid Persians, Slavs and Bulgars. Theological crises, such as the question of Monophysitism, also dominated the empire. Justinian I had perhaps already exerted effective control during the reign of his predecessor, Justin I (518–527). Justi ...

See also:

Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - The term Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - Identity continuity and consciousness, Byzantine Empire - Origin, Byzantine Empire - Early history, Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I, Byzantine Empire - The fight for survival, Byzantine Empire - Golden era, Byzantine Empire - The Comneni and the crusaders, Byzantine Empire - Underlying reasons for decline, Byzantine Empire - Decline and fall of the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empire - Legacy and importance, Byzantine Empire - Economy, Byzantine Empire - Science, Byzantine Empire - Religion, Byzantine Empire - Bibliography

Read more here: » Byzantine Empire: Encyclopedia II - Byzantine Empire - The age of Justinian I

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - List of Roman Emperors - The Principate

List of Roman Emperors - Julio-Claudian dynasty. List of Roman Emperors - Year of the four emperors. List of Roman Emperors - Flavian Dynasty. List of Roman Emperors - Nervan-Antonian dynasty - Five Good Emperors. List of Roman Emperors - Severan Dynasty African Asian and Syrian Emperors. ...

See also:

List of Roman Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - The Principate, List of Roman Emperors - Julio-Claudian dynasty, List of Roman Emperors - Year of the four emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Flavian Dynasty, List of Roman Emperors - Nervan-Antonian dynasty - Five Good Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Severan Dynasty African Asian and Syrian Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Crisis of the Third Century, List of Roman Emperors - Emperors during the height of the Crisis, List of Roman Emperors - Gallic Empire 260 to 274, List of Roman Emperors - Illyrian Emperors, List of Roman Emperors - Tetrarchies unifications and new splits, List of Roman Emperors - Dominate, List of Roman Emperors - Britannic Empire 286 to 297, List of Roman Emperors - Late Roman Empire

Read more here: » List of Roman Emperors: Encyclopedia II - List of Roman Emperors - The Principate

Crisis of the Third Century: Encyclopedia II - History of Catalonia - Catalonia Aragon and Castile

History of Catalonia - Union with Aragon. Until the middle of the 12th century, the successive counts of Barcelona tried to expand their domain in multiple directions. They incorporated the county of Besalú, part of the county of Empúries, all of the county of Cerdagne, and, briefly, even the county of Provence. The Catalan church, for its part, became independent of the bi ...

See also:

History of Catalonia, History of Catalonia - Prehistory in Catalonia, History of Catalonia - The rise of Iberian culture, History of Catalonia - Roman times, History of Catalonia - From late antiquity to feudalism, History of Catalonia - Visigothic and Muslim rule, History of Catalonia - Carolingian conquest, History of Catalonia - The rise and fall of the aloers, History of Catalonia - First references to the name Catalonia, History of Catalonia - Catalonia Aragon and Castile, History of Catalonia - Union with Aragon, History of Catalonia - The Aragonese-Catalan Empire, History of Catalonia - Crown of Aragon union with Crown of Castile, History of Catalonia - The Reapers' War, History of Catalonia - War of the Spanish Succession, History of Catalonia - Economic recovery, History of Catalonia - The Napoleonic Wars, History of Catalonia - The Carlist wars, History of Catalonia - Industrialization, History of Catalonia - Catalan nationalism and the workers movement, History of Catalonia - Republic and civil war, History of Catalonia - Franco's dictatorship, History of Catalonia - Democracy restored

Read more here: » History of Catalonia: Encyclopedia II - History of Catalonia - Catalonia Aragon and Castile

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