cosmopolitanism - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia - Nationalism
The most general definition of nationalism is broad, and has been controversial throughout history. Specific examples of nationalism are ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Human Rights: Encyclopedia - Human Rights
Human rights refers to the concept of human beings as having universal rights, or status, regardless of legal jurisdiction, and likewise ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia - Stoicism
Stoicism is a school of philosophy founded (308 BC) in Athens by Zeno of Citium (Cyprus). It teaches self-control and detachment from dis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia - World Government
This article discusses the speculative idea of a world government. While, theoretically, such government may take several forms (such as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Identity: Encyclopedia - Cultural Identity
Cultural identity is the (feeling of) identity of a group or culture, or of an individual as far as she/he is influenced by her/his belon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Khorramshahr: Encyclopedia Ii - Khorramshahr - History
Its development dates back to the late 19th century, when steam navigation on the Karun was started. In ancient times it had been known a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Allegations Of Bias
The Times, like many major news organizations, has often been accused of giving too little or too much play to various events for reasons...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Rise To Power
Beria was born, the son of a peasant, in Merkheuli, near Sukhumi in the Abkhazian region of Georgia. He was educated at a technical schoo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pamyat: Encyclopedia Ii - Pamyat - History
In the end of 1970s, a historical association Vityaz (Витязь), sponsored by the Soviet Society for the Protection of Historical and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Guerneville California: Encyclopedia Ii - Guerneville California - Local Politics
Guerneville is politically in much the same Progessive/Liberal/Green space as the nearby city of Sebastopol, California. However, Guernev...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Democratic Federal World Government
Democratic federal world government is simply an extension of the idea of democratic federation to the global level. One exception is tha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Historical Background
World government - History of the world government idea. The need for a supranational authority to preserve the peace between nations h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Georg Forster: Encyclopedia Ii - Georg Forster - Biography
Georg Forster - Childhood and first journeys. Georg Forster was born in the small village of Mokry Dwór (German Nassenhuben), near Gda...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Internationalism Politics: Encyclopedia Ii - Internationalism Politics - The Various Trends Of Internationalism
Internationalism politics - The left vs right balance. Contemporary free market globalization is not internationalist. It promotes pure...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Allegations Of Bias
The Times, like many major news organizations, has often been accused of giving too little or too much play to various events for reasons...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Human Rights: Encyclopedia Ii - Human Rights - Human Rights In International Law
The 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights resolution was adopted virtually unanimously by the United Nations General Assembly. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stoicism - Quotations
Collection of various Stoic quotes: Epictetus: “Wherever I go, it will be well with me.” "When I see a man in a state of anxiety, I ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Types Of Nationalism
Nationalism may manifest itself as part of official state ideology or as a popular (non-state) movement and may be expressed along civic,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Paris Ii: Panthéon-assas: Encyclopedia Ii - University Of Paris Ii: Panthéon-assas - Students And Alumni
Like in better institutions of higher education the world over, sociologically most students of Assas come from upper and middle-upper cl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Identity: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Identity - Threats To Cultural Identity
Therefore every culture is continually forced to determine its position(s) toward alien elements, in order to preserve or redefine its id...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vasily Grossman: Encyclopedia Ii - Vasily Grossman - Biography
Born Iosif Solomonovich Grossman in Berdichev, Ukraine into an emancipated Jewish family, he did not receive a traditional Jewish educati...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stoicism - Quotations
Collection of various Stoic quotes: Epictetus: “Wherever I go, it will be well with me.” "When I see a man in a state of anxiety, I ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Types Of Nationalism
Nationalism may manifest itself as part of official state ideology or as a popular (non-state) movement and may be expressed along civic,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Paris Ii: Panthéon-assas: Encyclopedia Ii - University Of Paris Ii: Panthéon-assas - Campus
As most universities in Paris, Assas takes its formal name Paris II (Panthéon-Assas) from the places where it is located. The administra...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Georg Forster: Encyclopedia Ii - Georg Forster - Forster And Nations
Forster had Scottish roots and was born in Polish Royal Prussia. He worked in Russia, England, Poland and in several German countries of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Resources
World government - Published Works. The Politics of World Federation by Joseph P. Baratta presents a history of the practical, politic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stoicism - Stoic Ethics And Virtues
The ancient Stoics are often misunderstood because the terms they used meant different things in the past than they do today. The word st...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Georg Forster: Encyclopedia Ii - Georg Forster - Forster's Heritage
After the death of Forster his works were almost completely forgotten, except in professional circles. This was partly due to his involve...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stoicism - History
Stoicism first appeared in Athens in the Hellenistic period around 301 BC and was introduced by Zeno of Citium. He taught in the famous s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Paris Ii: Panthéon-assas: Encyclopedia Ii - University Of Paris Ii: Panthéon-assas - About Assas
Assas likes to think of itself as France's Oxbridge or Harvard: it is the country's premier law and business university, and a breeding g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - The Current Global Governance System
The principle of territorial state sovereignty underlies nearly all global political actions and policies. The preceived need for interna...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Famous Mistakes
In 1920, a New York Times editorial ridiculed Robert Goddard and his claim that a rocket would work in space: That Professor Goddard, wi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Recent Controversies
The day after the Israel Day Parade in 2002, the Times featured a picture of the event on the front page. The photo, however, focused on ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Management And Employees
The New York Times - Publishers. Adolph Ochs (1896-1935) Arthur Hays Sulzberger (1935-1961) Orvil Dryfoos (1961-1963) Punch Sulzberger...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Historical Evolution Of Nationalism
Nationalism - Prior to 1900. Most theories of nationalism assume a European origin of the nation-state. The modern state is often seen ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Times Today
Today The New York Times is probably the most prominent American daily newspaper, sometimes being referred to as America's "newspaper of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - History
The New York Times was founded on September 18, 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones. Raymond was also a founding director of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Guerneville California: Encyclopedia Ii - Guerneville California - Geography
Guerneville is located in western Sonoma County, along the Russian River on State Route 116, between Monte Rio to the west and Forestvill...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Background And Problems
The most general definition of nationalism is broad, and has been controversial throughout history. Specific examples of nationalism are ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Opposition And Critique
Nationalism is an extremely assertive ideology, which makes far-reaching demands, including the disappearance of entire states. It is not...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations Against Beria
Although Beria was formally convicted for being a British spy, the Communist Leadership has early on sought to spice up the charges with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations Against Beria
Although Beria was formally convicted for being a British spy, the Communist Leadership early on sought to spice up the charges with info...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Guerneville California: Encyclopedia Ii - Guerneville California - In The Media
Guerneville's older metal truss bridge can be filmed from the newer bridge as seen in this page's photo and made an appearance in the mov...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Principles Of World Federalism
While substantial differences exist between advocates of world federalism regarding the best approach to take in bringing about a world f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Human Rights: Encyclopedia Ii - Human Rights - Philosophical Basis Of Human Rights
Numerous theoretical approaches have been advanced to explain how human rights become part of social expectations. The biological theory ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Internationalism Politics: Encyclopedia Ii - Internationalism Politics - The Modern Ideal Of Internationalism
In today's world, Internationalism is most commonly expressed as an appreciation for the diverse cultures in the world, and a desire for ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Internationalism Politics: Encyclopedia Ii - Internationalism Politics - Other Uses Of The Term
In a less restricted sense, internationalism is a word describing the impetus and motivation for the creation of any international organi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Postwar Politics
With Stalin nearing 70, the postwar years were dominated by a concealed struggle for the succession among his lieutenants. At the end of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Beria At The Nkvd
In August 1938 Stalin brought Beria to Moscow as deputy head of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD), the ministry which...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Human Rights: Encyclopedia Ii - Human Rights - Types Of Human Rights
Human rights are typically divided into two categories: negative human rights (rights to be free from) and positive human rights (rights ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cultural Identity: Encyclopedia Ii - Cultural Identity - Constructing Cultural Identity
Common characteristics and ideas may be clear markers of a shared cultural identity but essentially it is determined by difference: we fe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Historical Evolution Of Nationalism
Nationalism - Prior to 1900. Most theories of nationalism assume a European origin of the nation-state. The modern state is often seen ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Background And Problems
The most general definition of nationalism is broad, and has been controversial throughout history. Specific examples of nationalism are ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nationalism: Encyclopedia Ii - Nationalism - Opposition And Critique
Nationalism is an extremely assertive ideology, which makes far-reaching demands, including the disappearance of entire states. It is not...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stoicism - History
Stoicism first appeared in Athens in the Hellenistic period around 301 BC and was introduced by Zeno of Citium. He taught in the famous s...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Stoicism: Encyclopedia Ii - Stoicism - Stoic Ethics And Virtues
The ancient Stoics are often misunderstood because the terms they used meant different things in the past than they do today. The word st...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - After Stalin
On March 5, 1953 Stalin died four days after collapsing during the night following a dinner with Beria and other Soviet leaders. The poli...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Beria's Fall
Accounts of Beria's fall vary considerably. According to the most recent accounts Khrushchev convened a meeting of the Praesidium on June...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - The Current Global Governance System
The principle of territorial state sovereignty underlies nearly all global political actions and policies. The preceived need for interna...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Human Rights: Encyclopedia Ii - Human Rights - History Of Human Rights
The best-known histories of the human rights movement tend to begin with the ancient religions and societies and show the evolution of co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - The Case For Fwg
The two principal arguments in favour of establishing a FWG are that it would (1) eliminate the need for violent means in resolving large...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Common Critiques
This section details the main objections to promoting the idea of a FWG, each with a typical response of FWG advocates. These Objections ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Resources
World government - Published Works. The Politics of World Federation by Joseph P. Baratta presents a history of the practical, politic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - Approaches To Effecting A Fwg
While sharing a similar objective, FWG activists promote a number of different, sometimes conflicting, approaches, which may be broadly g...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pamyat: Encyclopedia Ii - Pamyat - Ideology
The recurring motive of the groups's ideology were the alleged "Ziono-Masonic plot" against Russia as "the main source of the misfortunes...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Management And Employees
The New York Times - Publishers. Adolph Ochs (1896-1935) Arthur Hays Sulzberger (1935-1961) Orvil Dryfoos (1961-1963) Punch Sulzberger...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - History
The New York Times was founded on September 18, 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones. Raymond was also a founding director of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lavrenty Beria: Encyclopedia Ii - Lavrenty Beria - Allegations Against Beria
Since Beria's death many more accusations have been made against him. These include allegations that he raped numerous women, and that he...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Times Today
Today The New York Times is probably the most prominent American daily newspaper, sometimes being referred to as America's "newspaper of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Famous Mistakes
In 1920, a New York Times editorial ridiculed Robert Goddard and his claim that a rocket would work in space: That Professor Goddard, wi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - The New York Times: Encyclopedia Ii - The New York Times - Recent Controversies
The day after the Israel Day Parade in 2002, the Times featured a picture of the event on the front page. The photo, however, focused on ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - World Government: Encyclopedia Ii - World Government - History Of The World Government Idea
The need for a supranational authority to preserve the peace between nations has been recognized in ancient Greek and Roman times, and, i...   » Read the article