Cortical column

The cerebral cortex is a brain structure in vertebrates, including humans. It is the outermost layer of the cerebrum and has a grey color. (Hence the name "grey matter". Grey matter is formed by neurons and their fibers, and white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by nerve fibers interconnecting cortical areas with each other and with subcortical structures.) The human cerebral co ...

Including:

• Cerebral cortex - Development
• Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern
• Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia - Cerebral cortex

The standard areas of cortex (isocortex) is characterized as having six distinct layers. From outside inward: Molecular layer External granular layer External pyramidal layer Internal granular layer Internal pyramidal layer Multiform layer After migration (interestingly, the inner layers are formed first during development), neurons form efferents and receive afferent connections characteristic of its layer. The molecular layer I contains few scattered neuro ...

See also:

Cerebral cortex, Cerebral cortex - Development, Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern, Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia II - Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern

The cerebral cortex develops from the neural plate, a specialised part of the embryonic ectoderm. The neural plate folds and closes to form the neural tube. From the cavity inside the neural tube develops the ventricular system, and from the epithelial cells of its walls, the neurones and glial cells. The most frontal part of the neural tube, the telencephalon gives rise to the cerebral hemispheres and the neocortex. Most cortical neurones are generated within the ventricular zone close to the ventricles. Initially, progenitor cells i ...

See also:

Cerebral cortex, Cerebral cortex - Development, Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern, Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia II - Cerebral cortex - Development

Based on the differences in lamination the cerebral cortex can be classified into two major groups: Isocortex (homotypical cortex), the part of the cortex with six layers. Allocortex (heterotypical cortex) with variable number of layers, e.g., olfactory cortex and hippocampus. Auxiliary classes are: Mesocortex, classification between isocortex and allocortex where layers 2, 3 and 4 are merged. Proisocortex, Brodmann areas 24, 25, 32. Periallocorte ...

See also:

Cerebral cortex, Cerebral cortex - Development, Cerebral cortex - Laminar pattern, Cerebral cortex - Classification

Read more here: » Cerebral cortex: Encyclopedia II - Cerebral cortex - Classification