Cool (African philosophy)

Cultural appropriation, also referred to as cultural theft by its detractors or as a subset of acculturation by others, is the adoption of elements of cultural expression of one societal group, such as forms of dress or personal adornment, music and art, religion, language, or behavior, by an external group, without regard to the underlying aspects of what is being appropriating. It is possible for ...

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• Cultural appropriation - Examples
• Cultural appropriation - Resources

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A common sort of cultural appropriation is the adoption of the iconography of another culture. Obvious examples include tattoos of Hindu gods, Polynesian tribal iconography, Chinese characters, or Celtic bands worn by people who have no interest in, or understanding of, their cultural significance. When these artifacts are regarded as objects that merely "look cool," or when they are mass produced cheaply as consumer kitsch, people who venerate and wish to preserve th ...

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Cultural appropriation, Cultural appropriation - Examples, Cultural appropriation - Resources

Read more here: » Cultural appropriation: Encyclopedia II - Cultural appropriation - Examples

It is commonly believed that Lewis Hallam, Jr., an Anglo-American comedic actor, brought blackface to prominence as a theatrical device when playing the role of an inebriated black man onstage in 1789. The play attracted notice, and other performers adopted the style. White comedian Thomas D. Rice later popularized blackface, introducing the song "Jump Jim Crow" accompanied by a dance in his stage act in 1828. The song had a syncopated rhythm and purportedly recreated the dancing of a crippled, black stable hand, Jim Cuff, or "Jim Crow", who ...

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Blackface, Blackface - History and the shaping of racist archetypes, Blackface - Blackface and darky iconography, Blackface - Modern-day manifestations, Blackface - The Netherlands' Zwarte Piet, Blackface - The coons of Cape Town and Auckland, Blackface - In the U.S., Blackface - Blackface minstrelsy and world popular culture, Blackface - Blackface spinoffs, Blackface - Compare, Blackface - Bibliography

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Cool has its roots in Middle English "cole", from Old English "col" and indicates aloofness, composure and absence of excitement in a person, especially in times of stress. The usage of cool as a general positive epithet or interjection has been part of English slang since World War II, and has been incorporated into other languages, such as French and German. Use of the term in this manner has its origin in African-American slang, in which, among other things, it can mean "excellent", "intriguing", or "superlative," having first been recorded in written English in the early 1930s. More contemporar ...

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Aesthetics (also esthetics and æsthetics) is the subfield of philosophy concerning beauty and art. An aesthetic (also esthetic and æsthetic) is the philosophical theory of a particular school of philosophy concerning beauty and art; for example, "he despised the aesthetic of minimalism". Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy. Thinkers and sages over the world have pondered beauty and art for millennia, but the subject was formally distinguished as an i ...

Including:

• Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy
• Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Arts
• Aesthetics - Visual arts
• Aesthetics - Music
• Aesthetics - Performing Arts
• Aesthetics - Literature
• Aesthetics - Gastronomy
• Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Sciences
• Aesthetics - Information Technology
• Aesthetics - Digital Aesthetics
• Aesthetics - Mathematics
• Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics
• Aesthetics - Aesthetics in Engineering
• Aesthetics - Industrial Design
• Aesthetics - Architecture
• Aesthetics - Urban Life
• Aesthetics - Landscape Design
• Aesthetics - Schools of Aesthetics

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Despite its racist portrayals, blackface minstrelsy was the conduit through which African-American and African-American-influenced music, comedy, and dance first reached the American mainstream. It played a seminal role in the introduction of African-American culture to world audiences. Wrote jazz historian Gary Giddings in Bing Crosby: A Pocketful of Dreams, The Early Years 1903-1940: Though antebellum (minstrel) troupes were white, the form developed in a form of racial collaboration, illustrating the axiom that defines—and ...

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Blackface, Blackface - History and the shaping of racist archetypes, Blackface - Blackface and darky iconography, Blackface - Modern-day manifestations, Blackface - The Netherlands' Zwarte Piet, Blackface - The coons of Cape Town and Auckland, Blackface - In the U.S., Blackface - Blackface minstrelsy and world popular culture, Blackface - Blackface spinoffs, Blackface - Compare, Blackface - Bibliography

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The darky icon itself—googly-eyed, with inky skin; exaggerated white, pink or red lips; and bright, white teeth—became a common motif first in the U.S., then worldwide, in entertainment, children's literature, mechanical banks and other toys and games of all sorts, cartoons and comic strips, advertisements, jewelry, textiles, postcards, sheet music, food branding and packaging, and other consumer goods. In 1895, the Golliwogg surfaced in Great Britain, the product of American-born children's book illustrator Florence Kate Upton, w ...

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Blackface, Blackface - History and the shaping of racist archetypes, Blackface - Blackface and darky iconography, Blackface - Modern-day manifestations, Blackface - The Netherlands' Zwarte Piet, Blackface - The coons of Cape Town and Auckland, Blackface - In the U.S., Blackface - Blackface minstrelsy and world popular culture, Blackface - Blackface spinoffs, Blackface - Compare, Blackface - Bibliography

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Over time, blackface and darky iconography became artistic and stylistic devices associated with art deco and the Jazz Age. By the 1950s and '60s, particularly in Europe, where it was more widely tolerated, blackface became a kind of outré, camp convention in some artistic circles. The Black and White Minstrel Show was a popular British musical variety show that featured blackface performers, and remained on British television until 1978. Actors and dancers in blackface appeared in music videos such as Taco Ockerse's "Puttin' on the Ritz" and Grace Jones's "Slave to the ...

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Blackface, Blackface - History and the shaping of racist archetypes, Blackface - Blackface and darky iconography, Blackface - Modern-day manifestations, Blackface - The Netherlands' Zwarte Piet, Blackface - The coons of Cape Town and Auckland, Blackface - In the U.S., Blackface - Blackface minstrelsy and world popular culture, Blackface - Blackface spinoffs, Blackface - Compare, Blackface - Bibliography

Read more here: » Blackface: Encyclopedia II - Blackface - Modern-day manifestations

Aesthetics - Visual arts. The field of aesthetics has enjoyed a rebirth in recent years. Modern art, particularly post-WWII up through the 1980s, in fact strongly reacted against notions of beauty. Some theorists (Hal Foster) have described this as an "anti-aesthetic." As media such as painting were deconstructed and explored to their very foundational or essential elements, creating an aesthetically beautiful work was no longer the key. Instead, artists focused on conceptual questions such as 'what is art?' or ' ...

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Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the sciences, Aesthetics - Information technology, Aesthetics - Digital aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics including Programming, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban life, Aesthetics - Landscape design, Aesthetics - Schools of aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the arts

Aesthetics - Visual arts. The field of aesthetics has enjoyed a rebirth in recent years. Modern art, particularly post-WWII up through the 1980s, in fact strongly reacted against notions of beauty. Some theorists (Hal Foster) have described this as an "anti-aesthetic." As media such as painting were deconstructed and explored to their very foundational or essential elements, creating an aesthetically beautiful work was no longer the key. Instead, artists focused on conceptual questions such as 'what is art?' or ' ...

See also:

Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing Arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Sciences, Aesthetics - Information Technology, Aesthetics - Digital Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in Engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial Design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban Life, Aesthetics - Landscape Design, Aesthetics - Schools of Aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Arts

Aesthetics - Information technology. The push to make all aspects of information technology as user-friendly as possible has led to a number of advances during the study of human-computer interaction. The design of the graphical user interface has been shown to have a great effect on productivity and the design of the computer hardware has seen unappealing boxes develop into common devices that no longer seem out of place in a living room. Software itself has aesthetic dimensions ("software aesthetics"), as do information-technology-mediated pr ...

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Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the sciences, Aesthetics - Information technology, Aesthetics - Digital aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics including Programming, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban life, Aesthetics - Landscape design, Aesthetics - Schools of aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the sciences

Thinkers and sages over the world have pondered beauty and art for millennia, but the subject was formally distinguished as an independent philosophical discipline in the 18th Century by German philosophers. Before this period authors viewed the study as inseparable from other main topics, such as ethics in the Western tradition and religion in the Eastern. The word in English was not widely used until the beginning of the 19th Century. Its use comes from the German ästhetisch or French esthétique, (both from the Greek ...

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Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the sciences, Aesthetics - Information technology, Aesthetics - Digital aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics including Programming, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban life, Aesthetics - Landscape design, Aesthetics - Schools of aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy

Aesthetics - Industrial design. Beyond providing functional characteristics, designers heed many aesthetic qualities to improve the marketability of manufactured products: smoothness, shininess/reflectivity, texture, pattern, curviness, color, simplicity (or usability), velocity, symmetry, naturalness, and modernism. Aesthetics - Architecture. Applying aesthetic considerations to buildings and related architectural structures is complex, as factors extrinsic to spatial design ( ...

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Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the sciences, Aesthetics - Information technology, Aesthetics - Digital aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics including Programming, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban life, Aesthetics - Landscape design, Aesthetics - Schools of aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in engineering

Aesthetics - Information Technology. The push to make all aspects of information technology as user-friendly as possible has led to a number of advances during the study of human-computer interaction. The design of the graphical user interface has been shown to have a great effect on productivity and the design of the computer hardware has seen unappealing boxes develop into common devices that no longer seem out of place in a living room. Software itself has aesthetic dimensions ("software aesthetics"), as do information-technology-mediated pr ...

See also:

Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing Arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Sciences, Aesthetics - Information Technology, Aesthetics - Digital Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in Engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial Design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban Life, Aesthetics - Landscape Design, Aesthetics - Schools of Aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Sciences

Thinkers and sages over the world have pondered beauty and art for millennia, but the subject was formally distinguished as an independent philosophical discipline in the 18th Century by German philosophers. Before this period authors viewed the study as inseparable from other main topics, such as ethics in the Western tradition and religion in the Eastern. The word in English was not widely used until the beginning of the 19th Century. Its use comes from the German ästhetisch or French esthétique, (both from the Greek ...

See also:

Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing Arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Sciences, Aesthetics - Information Technology, Aesthetics - Digital Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in Engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial Design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban Life, Aesthetics - Landscape Design, Aesthetics - Schools of Aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy

Aesthetics - Industrial Design. Beyond providing functional characteristics, designers heed many aesthetic qualities to improve the marketability of manufactured products: smoothness, shininess/reflectivity, texture, pattern, curviness, color, simplicity (or usability), velocity, symmetry, naturalness, and modernism. Aesthetics - Architecture. Applying aesthetic considerations to buildings and related architectural structures is complex, as factors extrinsic to spatial design ( ...

See also:

Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in History and Philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing Arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the Sciences, Aesthetics - Information Technology, Aesthetics - Digital Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in Engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial Design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban Life, Aesthetics - Landscape Design, Aesthetics - Schools of Aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in Engineering

Thinkers and sages over the world have pondered beauty and art for millennia, but the subject was formally distinguished as an independent philosophical discipline in the 18th Century by German philosophers. Before this period authors viewed the study as inseparable from other main topics, such as ethics in the Western tradition and religion in the Eastern. The word in English was not widely used until the beginning of the 19th Century. It comes from the German ästhetisch or French esthétique, (both from the Greek Π...

See also:

Aesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the arts, Aesthetics - Visual arts, Aesthetics - Music, Aesthetics - Performing arts, Aesthetics - Literature, Aesthetics - Gastronomy, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in the sciences, Aesthetics - Information technology, Aesthetics - Digital aesthetics, Aesthetics - Mathematics including Programming, Aesthetics - Neuroesthetics, Aesthetics - Aesthetics in engineering, Aesthetics - Industrial design, Aesthetics - Architecture, Aesthetics - Urban life, Aesthetics - Landscape design, Aesthetics - Schools of aesthetics

Read more here: » Aesthetics: Encyclopedia II - Aesthetics - Aesthetics in history and philosophy