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Convention on Psychotropic Substances | A Wisdom Archive on Convention on Psychotropic Substances | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances A selection of articles related to Convention on Psychotropic Substances | |
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Convention on Psychotropic Substances, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Analogs, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Endnotes, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - History, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Medical and other drug uses, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Organic plants, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Penal provisions, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Precursors, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Recent trends, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Schedules of Controlled Substances, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Scheduling process, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Treatment and prevention, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - World Health Organization evaluations of specific drugs, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Canadian noncompliance, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Ephedrine, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Ketamine, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Licit drug problems, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - MDMA, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Methcathinone, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Nicotine, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Rise in stimulant trafficking, Convention on Psychotropic Substances - Tetrahydrocannabinol
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Convention on Psychotropic Substances | | | |  Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - List of United States treaties - Pre-Revolutionary War treatiesAlthough the U.S. is not a party to these, not coming into existence till 1776, these treaties have had some relevance to later U.S. history.
1758 - Treaty of Easton
1763 - Treaty of Paris
1768 - Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768)
1774 - Treaty of Camp Charlotte
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See also:List of United States treaties, List of United States treaties - Pre-Revolutionary War treaties, List of United States treaties - U.S. international treaties, List of United States treaties - 1776-1799, List of United States treaties - 1800-1849, List of United States treaties - 1850-1899, List of United States treaties - 1900-1949, List of United States treaties - 1950-1999, List of United States treaties - 2000-current, List of United States treaties - Pending, List of United States treaties - U.S. Native American treaties Read more here: » List of United States treaties: Encyclopedia II - List of United States treaties - Pre-Revolutionary War treaties |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Dangers The dose-response curve is very steep and as GHB often comes as a salt dissolved in water, actual amount of GHB per "capful" can vary, which makes proper dosing difficult. While small doses of GHB are considered to be safe, higher and ultra high doses can cause unconsciousness, convulsions, vomiting, suppression of the gag reflex and breathing, and death. These effects vary between persons and are dose dependent. Synergy of its sedative effects are seen when combined with other CNS depressants such as alcohol, benzodiazepines (e.g. Valium), ...
See also:Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Uses, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Endogenous, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Medical, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Recreational, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Mode of action, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Dangers, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Addiction, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - History, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - External references Read more here: » Gamma-hydroxybutyrate: Encyclopedia II - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Dangers |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - History GHB was first synthesized in the early 1960s by Dr. Henri Laborit to use in studying the neurotransmitter GABA. It quickly found a wide range of uses due to its minimal side effects and controlled action, the only difficulties being the narrow safe dosage range and the dangers presented by its combination with alcohol and other CNS depressants.
Typically GHB has been synthesized from GBL (Gamma-butyrolactone) by adding sodium hydroxide (lye) in ethanol or water. As of late, GBL has become controlled and more circuitous routes have to be taken s ...
See also:Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Uses, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Endogenous, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Medical, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Recreational, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Mode of action, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Dangers, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Addiction, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - History, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - External references Read more here: » Gamma-hydroxybutyrate: Encyclopedia II - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - History |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Diazepam - Overdose A person who has consumed too much diazepam will have the following symptoms: difficulty staying awake, mental confusion, coma, and diminished reflexes. Overdose of diazepam constitutes a medical emergency and requires the immediate attention of emergency medical personnel. Its antidote is flumazenil (Anexate®). Because flumazenil is a short-acting drug and the effects of Diazepam can last for days, repetitive doses of flumazenil may be necessary. Artificial respiration and stabilization of cardiovascular f ...
See also:Diazepam, Diazepam - Mode of action, Diazepam - Pharmacokinetics, Diazepam - Experimentation, Diazepam - Half-Life, Diazepam - Indications, Diazepam - Veterinary Uses, Diazepam - Contraindications, Diazepam - Side effects, Diazepam - Routine examinations needed under long-term treatment, Diazepam - Interactions, Diazepam - High Risk patients for abuse and dependence, Diazepam - Withdrawal procedure after long-term treatment, Diazepam - Dose Recommendations, Diazepam - Dose Forms, Diazepam - Recreational Use, Diazepam - Overdose, Diazepam - Fatal Reaction, Diazepam - Occurrence in plants, Diazepam - Inventor Read more here: » Diazepam: Encyclopedia II - Diazepam - Overdose |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Diazepam - Recreational Use Diazepam is often used as an adulterant in the heroin sold as street drug (so called 'street lore'). This is because diazepam amplifies greatly the euphoriant effects of heroin. Often users are not aware that they are also taking diazepam and that dependence on diazepam may have developed with chronic use leading to far greater withdrawal problems than with heroin alone.
Sometimes diazepam is used by stimulant abusers to 'come down' and sleep and also by LSD users (or those using other hallucinogens) to help ease their trip without unpleasant after-effects.
Generally, its recreational use is not as ...
See also:Diazepam, Diazepam - Mode of action, Diazepam - Pharmacokinetics, Diazepam - Experimentation, Diazepam - Half-Life, Diazepam - Indications, Diazepam - Veterinary Uses, Diazepam - Contraindications, Diazepam - Side effects, Diazepam - Routine examinations needed under long-term treatment, Diazepam - Interactions, Diazepam - High Risk patients for abuse and dependence, Diazepam - Withdrawal procedure after long-term treatment, Diazepam - Dose Recommendations, Diazepam - Dose Forms, Diazepam - Recreational Use, Diazepam - Overdose, Diazepam - Fatal Reaction, Diazepam - Occurrence in plants, Diazepam - Inventor Read more here: » Diazepam: Encyclopedia II - Diazepam - Recreational Use |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine Methamphetamine is an alkaloid similar in structure to amphetamine and MDMA (Ecstasy). Compared to most illegal drugs, methamphetamine is a simple molecule with a low molecular weight.
Unlike freebase cocaine ("crack"), which is a waxy, smokeable form of cocaine, freebase methamphetamine is an oily liquid that has no use except in the production of street methamphetamine. Before the manufacturer (or "cook") can sell his drug, he must convert the oil to methamphetamine hydrochloride. Usually this is done via an acid/base extracti ...
See also:Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Undesirable effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Methods of use Methamphetamine can be swallowed, snorted, smoked, dissolved in water and injected, or inserted anally (with or without dissolution in water). As with all addictive drugs, the potential for addiction is greater when it is delivered by methods that cause the concentration in the blood to rise quickly, principally because the effects desired by the user are felt more quickly and with a higher intensity than through a moderated delivery mechanism. In fact, studies have shown that the subjective pleasure of drug use (the reinforcing component of ...
See also:Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Undesirable effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Methods of use |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Influence on domestic legislation Since the Single Convention is not self-executing, Parties must pass laws to carry out its provisions. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime works with countries' legislatures to ensure compliance. As a result, most of the national drug statutes in the UNODC's legal library share a high degree of conformity with the Single Convention and its supplementary treaties, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances and the 1988 United ...
See also:Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Influence on domestic legislation, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - History, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Medical and other drug uses, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Penal provisions, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Possession for personal use, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Schedules of drugs, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Power structure, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Limitation of scope, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Regulation of cannabis, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Cultivation, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Rescheduling proposals, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Proposed denunciation, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Related treaties, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Predecessor treaties, Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Supplementary treaties Read more here: » Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs: Encyclopedia II - Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs - Influence on domestic legislation |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Effects Methamphetamine is a potent central nervous system stimulant that affects the brain by acting on the mechanisms responsible for regulating a class of neurotransmitters known as the biogenic amines or monoamine neurotransmitters. This broad class of neurotransmitters is generally responsible for regulating heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, appetite, attention, mood and responses associated with alertness or alarm conditions. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, it is generally believed that methamphetamine causes the ...
See also:Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Undesirable effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Effects |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - History Methamphetamine was first synthesized in 1919 in Japan by the chemist A. Ogata. The method of synthesis was reduction of ephedrine using red phosphorus and iodine. Methamphetamine is closely related to amphetamine, which was first synthesized in the year 1887 by L. Edeleano, a German chemist. Over time, the chemical's use, distribution, and place in society changed from insignificant, to controversially beneficial, to infamous.
Later use included its distribution by the Allies and the Axis to troops during World War II under the name ...
See also:Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Undesirable effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - History |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Mode of action The action of GHB has yet to be fully elucidated. GHB clearly has at least two sites of action, stimulating the newly characterized and aptly named "GHB receptor" as well as the GABAB. GHB, if it is indeed a neurotransmitter, will only reach concentrations high enough to act at the GHB receptor, as it only has weak affinity fo the GABAB. However, during recreational usage, GHB can reach very high concentrations in the brain, relative to basal levels, and can act at the GABAB receptor [2]. GHBs action at the G ...
See also:Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Uses, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Endogenous, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Medical, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Recreational, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Mode of action, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Dangers, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Addiction, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - History, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - External references Read more here: » Gamma-hydroxybutyrate: Encyclopedia II - Gamma-hydroxybutyrate - Mode of action |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Prohibition drugs - Methods of enforcement Disrupting the Market relies on eradication, interdiction and domestic law enforcement efforts.
Through cooperation with governments such as Colombia, Mexico and Afghanistan, coca (the plant source for cocaine) and poppy (the plant source for opium and heroin) are eradicated by the United States and other allies such as the United Kingdom, so that the crops cannot be processed into narcotics. Eradication can be accomplished by aerial spraying or manual eradication. The government of Colombian President Alvaro Uribe has resisted critic ...
See also:Prohibition drugs, Prohibition drugs - Scope, Prohibition drugs - History, Prohibition drugs - Early drug laws, Prohibition drugs - Twentieth century, Prohibition drugs - Drug control strategy, Prohibition drugs - Methods of enforcement, Prohibition drugs - Legal provisions, Prohibition drugs - Penalties Read more here: » Prohibition drugs: Encyclopedia II - Prohibition drugs - Methods of enforcement |
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| | | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Drug policy of the Netherlands - Drug law enforcement Despite the high priority given by the Dutch government to fighting narcotics trafficking, the Netherlands continue to be an important transit point for drugs entering Europe, a major producer and exporter of amphetamines and other synthetic drugs, and an important consumer of illicit drugs. The export of the synthetic drug ecstasy to the U.S. during 1999 reached unprecedented proportions. The Netherlands' special synthetic drug unit, set up in 1997 to coordinate the fight against designer drugs, appears to be successful. The government has stepped up ...
See also:Drug policy of the Netherlands, Drug policy of the Netherlands - Hard drugs/soft drugs, Drug policy of the Netherlands - Non-enforcement, Drug policy of the Netherlands - Drug law enforcement, Drug policy of the Netherlands - Implications of international law, Drug policy of the Netherlands - Recent developments Read more here: » Drug policy of the Netherlands: Encyclopedia II - Drug policy of the Netherlands - Drug law enforcement |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Prohibition drugs - Penalties In the U.S., the penalty for illegal drug possession and sale can vary from 1 year to a life sentence. Most non-violent first time offenders guilty of drug possession get a mandatory minimum sentence of 5 years with no parole, or 10 years with no parole if he has a large quantity of drugs. This prison time is doubled (10 or 20 years) if has been imprisoned for drug possession before. Selling drugs, carrying a gun during a drug transaction, and other factors add more prison time. Mandatory minimum sentence can be avoided in rare situations wh ...
See also:Prohibition drugs, Prohibition drugs - Scope, Prohibition drugs - History, Prohibition drugs - Early drug laws, Prohibition drugs - Twentieth century, Prohibition drugs - Drug control strategy, Prohibition drugs - Methods of enforcement, Prohibition drugs - Legal provisions, Prohibition drugs - Penalties Read more here: » Prohibition drugs: Encyclopedia II - Prohibition drugs - Penalties |
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| | | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Flunitrazepam - Adverse effects of use Flunitrazepam is highly addictive. Flunitrazepam use causes several adverse effects in the user, including drowsiness, dizziness, loss of motor control, lack of coordination, slurred speech, confusion, and gastrointestinal disturbances, lasting 12 or more hours. Higher doses produce respiratory depression. Chronic use of flunitrazepam can result in physical dependence and the appearance of withdrawal syndrome when the drug is discontinued. Flunitrazepam impairs cognitive and psychomotor functions affecting reaction time and driving skill. The use of this drug in combination with alcohol is a particular conc ...
See also:Flunitrazepam, Flunitrazepam - Medical uses, Flunitrazepam - Flunitrazepam as a date rape drug, Flunitrazepam - Use for theft, Flunitrazepam - Use as a recreational drug, Flunitrazepam - Adverse effects of use Read more here: » Flunitrazepam: Encyclopedia II - Flunitrazepam - Adverse effects of use |
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| | | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Prohibition drugs - Legal provisions The following frequently used drugs are prohibited or otherwise regulated for recreational use in most countries:
Benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium)
Cannabis products, e.g. marijuana, hashish and hashish oil
Dissociatives such as dextromethorphan (DXM), phencyclidine (pcp), and ketamine
Hallucinogens such as LSD, mescaline, peyote, and psilocybin
Opium, opiates such as heroin and morphine, and opioids such as codeine, hydrocodone (Vicodin), methadone, and oxycodone (Percocet, Oxycontin) ...
See also:Prohibition drugs, Prohibition drugs - Scope, Prohibition drugs - History, Prohibition drugs - Early drug laws, Prohibition drugs - Twentieth century, Prohibition drugs - Drug control strategy, Prohibition drugs - Methods of enforcement, Prohibition drugs - Legal provisions, Prohibition drugs - Penalties Read more here: » Prohibition drugs: Encyclopedia II - Prohibition drugs - Legal provisions |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Legality Methamphetamine is classified as a Schedule II substance by the DEA in the United States. Internationally, methamphetamine is a Schedule II drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances [5]. While there is technically no difference between the laws regarding methamphetamine and other controlled stimulants, most medical professionals are averse to prescribing it due to its status in society. Further, there is some anecdotal evidence that the DEA audits such prescriptions on ...
See also:Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Undesirable effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Legality |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Addiction Methamphetamine is an addictive drug. While withdrawal symptoms are less pronounced than those of alcohol or opiates (such as heroin), they are nonetheless physiological in nature and could include seizures, narcolepsy, and stroke. Furthermore, the mental and social consequences of quitting can be severe and extremely difficult for the addict. As with all addictions, relapse is common.
In an article about his son's addiction to methamphetamine, a California writer who has also experimented with the drug put it this way:
< ...
See also:Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Production, Methamphetamine - History, Methamphetamine - Current controversy, Methamphetamine - Effects, Methamphetamine - Addiction, Methamphetamine - Undesirable effects, Methamphetamine - Physical and chemical properties of Methamphetamine, Methamphetamine - Methods of use, Methamphetamine - Legality, Methamphetamine - Books Read more here: » Methamphetamine: Encyclopedia II - Methamphetamine - Addiction |
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| | | | | Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Encyclopedia II - Methylphenidate - Effects Methylphenidate is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It has a "calming" effect on many children who have ADHD, reducing impulsive behavior and the tendency to "act out", and helps them concentrate on schoolwork and other tasks. Adults who have ADHD often find that MPH increases their ability to focus on tasks and organize their lives.
The means by which methylphenidate helps people with ADHD are not well understood. Some researchers have theorized that ADHD is caused by a dopamine imbalance in the brains of those affected. MPH ...
See also:Methylphenidate, Methylphenidate - History, Methylphenidate - Effects, Methylphenidate - Formulations, Methylphenidate - Criticism, Methylphenidate - Overprescription, Methylphenidate - Addiction and zombification, Methylphenidate - Long-term effects, Methylphenidate - Effects on stature, Methylphenidate - Risk of death, Methylphenidate - Potential Carcinogenic, Methylphenidate - Reference Read more here: » Methylphenidate: Encyclopedia II - Methylphenidate - Effects |
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