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Control | A Wisdom Archive on Control | | Control A selection of articles related to Control | |
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control, Control
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO Control | | | |  Control: Encyclopedia II - Motor controller - Types of motor controllersAn electric motor controller can be classified by the type of motor it is to drive such as permanent magnet, servo, series, separately excited, and alternating current.
A motor controller is connected to a power source such as a battery pack or power supply, and control circuitry in the form of analog or digital input signals.
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See also:Motor controller, Motor controller - Scope of motor controller applications, Motor controller - Domestic applications, Motor controller - Office equipment medical equipment etc., Motor controller - Commercial applications, Motor controller - Industrial applications, Motor controller - Vehicle applications, Motor controller - Power tools, Motor controller - Hobby equipment, Motor controller - Types of motor controllers, Motor controller - Specific motor controller descriptions, Motor controller - H-bridge, Motor controller - Servo controllers, Motor controller - Stepper motor controllers, Motor controller - References Read more here: » Motor controller: Encyclopedia II - Motor controller - Types of motor controllers |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Game controller - Types of game controller
Game controller - Gamepad.
Main article: Gamepad
A gamepad, also known as a joypad, is a type of game controller held with both hands where the thumbs are used to provide input. Gamepads generally feature a set of action buttons handled with the right thumb and a direction controller handled with the left.
Most modern game controllers are a variation of a standard gamepad. Some common additions to the standard pad include shoulder buttons placed along the edges of the pad, centrally placed buttons labeled start, select, and < ...
See also:Game controller, Game controller - Concise overview, Game controller - Types of game controller, Game controller - Gamepad, Game controller - Paddle, Game controller - Joystick, Game controller - Steering wheel, Game controller - Keyboard and mouse, Game controller - Light gun, Game controller - Touch screen, Game controller - Others, Game controller - Longevity of hardware, Game controller - Health concerns Read more here: » Game controller: Encyclopedia II - Game controller - Types of game controller |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control flow - Control structures in practice Most programming languages with control structures have an initial keyword which indicates the type of control structure involved (Smalltalk is an exception). Languages then divide as to whether or not control structures have a final keyword.
No final keyword: Algol 60, C, C++, Java, Pascal, PL/1. Such languages need some way of grouping statements together:
Algol 60 and Pascal : begin ... end.
C, C++ and Java: curly brackets { ... }.
PL/1: DO ... EN ...
See also:Control flow, Control flow - Primitives, Control flow - Labels, Control flow - Goto, Control flow - Subroutines, Control flow - Minimal structured control flow, Control flow - Control structures in practice, Control flow - Choice, Control flow - Choice based on specific constant values, Control flow - Choice based on whole numbers 1..N, Control flow - Arithmetic IF, Control flow - Loops, Control flow - Count-controlled loops, Control flow - Condition-controlled loops, Control flow - Collection-controlled loops, Control flow - General iteration, Control flow - Infinite loops, Control flow - Early exit from loops, Control flow - Self-modifying code, Control flow - Structured non-local control flow, Control flow - Conditions in PL/I, Control flow - Exceptions in C++ and derived languages, Control flow - Proposed control structures, Control flow - Loop with test in the middle, Control flow - Multiple early exit/exit from nested loops, Control flow - Anecdotal evidence Read more here: » Control flow: Encyclopedia II - Control flow - Control structures in practice |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Flight controls - Main Control Surfaces The main control surfaces are attached to the airframe on hinges so they may move and thus deflect the air stream passing over them. This redirection of the air stream generates an unbalanced force to rotate the plane about the associated axis.
Ailerons - Ailerons are mounted on the back edge of each wing near the wingtips, and move in opposite directions. When the pilot moves the stick left, or turns the wheel counter-clockwise, the left aileron goes up and the right aileron goes down. A raised aileron reduces lift on that wing ...
See also:Flight controls, Flight controls - Axes of motion, Flight controls - Main Control Surfaces, Flight controls - Secondary effects of controls, Flight controls - Turning the aircraft, Flight controls - Alternate main control surfaces, Flight controls - Secondary control surfaces, Flight controls - Trimming, Flight controls - Other Controls Read more here: » Flight controls: Encyclopedia II - Flight controls - Main Control Surfaces |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control flow - Proposed control structures In a spoof Datamation article (December 1973), R. Lawrence Clark suggested that the GOTO statement could be replaced by the COMEFROM statement, and provides some entertaining examples. This was actually implemented in the INTERCAL programming language, a language designed to make programs as obscure as possible.
In his 1974 article "Structured Programming with go to Statements", Donald Knuth identified two situations which were not covered by the control structures listed above, and gave examples of control structures which could handle these situations. Despite their utility, these constructions have not ...
See also:Control flow, Control flow - Primitives, Control flow - Labels, Control flow - Goto, Control flow - Subroutines, Control flow - Minimal structured control flow, Control flow - Control structures in practice, Control flow - Choice, Control flow - Choice based on specific constant values, Control flow - Choice based on whole numbers 1..N, Control flow - Arithmetic IF, Control flow - Loops, Control flow - Count-controlled loops, Control flow - Condition-controlled loops, Control flow - Collection-controlled loops, Control flow - General iteration, Control flow - Infinite loops, Control flow - Early exit from loops, Control flow - Self-modifying code, Control flow - Structured non-local control flow, Control flow - Conditions in PL/I, Control flow - Exceptions in C++ and derived languages, Control flow - Proposed control structures, Control flow - Loop with test in the middle, Control flow - Multiple early exit/exit from nested loops, Control flow - Anecdotal evidence Read more here: » Control flow: Encyclopedia II - Control flow - Proposed control structures |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - An example As an example, consider cruise control. In this case, the system is a car. The goal of cruise control is to keep the car at a constant speed. Here, the output variable of the system is the speed of the car. The primary means to control the speed of the car is the air-fuel mixture being fed into the engine.
A simple way to implement cruise control is to lock the position of the throttle the moment the driver engages cruise control. This is fine if the car is driving on perfectly flat terrain. On hilly terrain, the car will slow down when going uphill and accelerate when going downhill; some ...
See also:Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - An example |
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| | | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Birth control - Birth control methods (Most combined pills and POPs may also be taken as high doses as emergency contraception, also known as the morning after pill.)
Intrauterine methods
Intrauterine Device ("IUD") which may also be used for emergency contraception
IntraUterine System ("IUS")
Fertility Awareness Methods aka Natural family planning
Lactational Amenorrhea Method
Abortion methods (not considered by some to be birth control, since pregnancy occurs)
Surgical abortion ...
See also:Birth control, Birth control - History of birth control, Birth control - Birth control methods, Birth control - Protection against sexually-transmitted infections, Birth control - Religious and cultural attitudes toward birth control, Birth control - Protestant Christianity, Birth control - Catholic Christianity, Birth control - Islam, Birth control - Judaism Read more here: » Birth control: Encyclopedia II - Birth control - Birth control methods |
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| | | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - PID controller - Control loop basics A control loop consists of three parts:
Measurement by a sensor connected to the process,
Decision in a controller element,
Action through an output device ("actuator") such as a control valve.
(Some control loops work in cascaded control, and so produce signals used by other controllers or use signals created by other controllers.)
For example, suppose a water tank is used to supply water for several parts of a plant and it is necessary to control the tank level at a constant value. A sens ...
See also:PID controller, PID controller - Control loop basics, PID controller - Theory, PID controller - Nomenclature, PID controller - Tuning a PID loop, PID controller - Problems, PID controller - How to get one Read more here: » PID controller: Encyclopedia II - PID controller - Control loop basics |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control character - In ASCII The control characters in ASCII still in common use include
7 (bell), which may cause the device receiving it to emit a warning of some kind (usually audible)
8 (backspace), used either to erase the last character printed or to overprint it
9 (horizontal tab), moves the printing position some spaces to the right
10 (line feed), used as the end_of_line marker in most UNIX systems and variants
12 (form feed), to cause a printer to eject paper to the top of the next page
13 (carriage ret ...
See also:Control character, Control character - In ASCII, Control character - How control characters map to keyboards, Control character - The design purpose, Control character - Printing and Display control, Control character - Data structuring, Control character - Transmission control, Control character - Miscellaneous Read more here: » Control character: Encyclopedia II - Control character - In ASCII |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - History Although control systems of various types date back to antiquity, a more formal analysis of the field began with a dynamics analysis of the centrifugal governor, conducted by the famous physicist J.C. Maxwell in 1868 entitled "On Governors." This described and analyzed the phenomenon of "hunting" in which lags in the system can lead to overcompensation and unstable behavior. This caused a flurry of interest in the topic, which was followed up by Maxwell's classmate, E.J. Routh, who generalized the results of Maxwell for the general class of linear systems. This res ...
See also:Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - History |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Stability (It seems that here the author assumes that the transfer function of the system is rational. Can someone confirm if this is true also for nonrational transfer functions? References?)
Stability (in control theory) often means that for any bounded input over any amount of time, the output will also be bounded. This is known as BIBO stability (see also Lyapunov stability). If a system is BIBO stable then the output cannot "blow up" if the input remains finite. Mathematically, this means that for a linear continuous-time system to ...
See also:Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Stability |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Stability Stability (in control theory) often means that for any bounded input over any amount of time, the output will also be bounded. This is known as BIBO stability (see also Lyapunov stability). If a system is BIBO stable then the output cannot "blow up" if the input remains finite. Mathematically, this means that for a linear continuous-time system to be stable all of the poles of its transfer function must
lie in the closed left half of the complex plane if the Laplace transform is used (i.e. its rea ...
See also:Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Stability |
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| | | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Birth control - History of birth control Probably the oldest methods of contraception (aside from sexual abstinence) are coitus interruptus, barrier methods, and herbal abortifacients.
Coitus interruptus (withdrawal of the penis from the vagina prior to ejaculation) probably predates any other form of birth control. Once the relationship between the emission of semen into the vagina and pregnancy was known or suspected, some men probably managed to think through the haze of passion and withdraw in time. This is not a particularly reliable method of contraception, as few men have the self-control to correct ...
See also:Birth control, Birth control - History of birth control, Birth control - Birth control methods, Birth control - Religious and cultural attitudes toward birth control, Birth control - Protestant Christianity, Birth control - Catholic Christianity, Birth control - Islam, Birth control - Judaism Read more here: » Birth control: Encyclopedia II - Birth control - History of birth control |
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| | | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Game controller - Gamepad A gamepad, also called joypad, is a type of game controller held with both hands and used to provide input for video games. Gamepads generally feature a set of action buttons handled with the right thumb and a direction controller handled with the left. The direction controller has traditionally been a four-way digital cross (D-pad), but most modern controllers additionally (or as a substitute) feature an analog stick. The analog stick was introduced with the Emerson Arcadia controller, but did not reach popularity until the Nin ...
See also:Game controller, Game controller - Longevity of hardware, Game controller - Health concerns, Game controller - Gamepad, Game controller - Microsoft, Game controller - Nintendo, Game controller - Sega, Game controller - Sony, Game controller - Other gamepads, Game controller - Paddle, Game controller - Joystick, Game controller - Keyboard and mouse, Game controller - Light gun, Game controller - Touch screen, Game controller - Others Read more here: » Game controller: Encyclopedia II - Game controller - Gamepad |
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| | | | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Chaos Control - Teleportation Chaos Control was introduced along with Shadow the Hedgehog in the game Sonic Adventure 2, when Shadow uses a single Chaos Emerald to warp space and time and thereby teleport himself across distances. Shadow used the ability several times, and was even able to use the ability to take other objects or beings with him, with varying amounts of effort. Later, the Biolizard and Sonic the Hedgehog himself both displayed the ability to use Chaos Control (Sonic using a fake emerald), though Sonic ...
See also:Chaos Control, Chaos Control - Teleportation, Chaos Control - Other Uses of Chaos Control, Chaos Control - Other Chaos Powers, Chaos Control - Users of Chaos Control, Chaos Control - History Read more here: » Chaos Control: Encyclopedia II - Chaos Control - Teleportation |
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| | | | | Control: Encyclopedia II - Control flow - Choice
if thing1 > 10:
print'A'
if thing1 > 200:
print 'B'
Control flow - Choice based on specific constant values.
These are usually known as case or switch statements. The effect is to compare a given value with specified constants and take action according to the first constant to match. If the constants form a compact range then this can be implemented very efficiently as if it were a choice based on whole numbers. Th ...
See also:Control flow, Control flow - Primitives, Control flow - Labels, Control flow - Goto, Control flow - Subroutines, Control flow - Minimal structured control flow, Control flow - Control structures in practice, Control flow - Choice, Control flow - Choice based on specific constant values, Control flow - Choice based on whole numbers 1..N, Control flow - Arithmetic IF, Control flow - Loops, Control flow - Count-controlled loops, Control flow - Condition-controlled loops, Control flow - Collection-controlled loops, Control flow - General iteration, Control flow - Infinite loops, Control flow - Early exit from loops, Control flow - Self-modifying code, Control flow - Structured non-local control flow, Control flow - Conditions in PL/I, Control flow - Exceptions in C++ and derived languages, Control flow - Proposed control structures, Control flow - Loop with test in the middle, Control flow - Multiple early exit/exit from nested loops, Control flow - Anecdotal evidence Read more here: » Control flow: Encyclopedia II - Control flow - Choice |
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