In control theory there are two basic types of control. These are feedforward and feedback. The input to a feedback controller is the same as what it is trying to control - the controlled variable is "fed back" into the controller. The thermostat of a house is an example of a feedback controller. This controller relies on measuring the controlled variable, in this case the temperature of the house, and then adjusting the output, whether or not the heater is on. However, feedback control usually results in intermediate periods where the contr ...

See also:

Controller control theory, Controller control theory - Basic Principles, Controller control theory - Types of Control, Controller control theory - Types of Controllers

Read more here: » Controller control theory: Encyclopedia II - Controller control theory - Types of Control

Air Traffic Control (ATC) is a service provided by ground based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air to ensure safe, orderly and expeditious traffic flow. In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) provides this service to all aircraft in the National Airspace System (NAS). The FAA is responsible for all aspects of U.S. Air Traffic Control including hiring and training ...

Including:

• Air traffic control - Terminal Control
• Air traffic control - Ground Control
• Air traffic control - Local Control
• Air traffic control - Clearance Delivery
• Air traffic control - TRACON Control
• Air traffic control - En-route Control
• Air traffic control - Visual flight rules VFR
• Air traffic control - Instrument Flight Rules IFR
• Air traffic control - General Characteristics
• Air traffic control - Radar Coverage
• Air traffic control - Problems
• Air traffic control - Traffic
• Air traffic control - Weather
• Air traffic control - Call signs
• Air traffic control - Technology
• Air traffic control - Major Accidents
• Air traffic control - Air Traffic Control Internationally
• Air traffic control - Air Navigation Service Providers ANSPs
• Air traffic control - Related Topics

Read more here: » Air traffic control: Encyclopedia - Air traffic control

In computing, a Control key is a key, which when pressed in conjunction with another key, will perform a special operation. The Control key is a modifier key, it is used in the same fashion as the Shift key. Like the Shift Key, it is unusual for the control key to do anything when pressed by itself. The control key is located on or near the bottom left side of most keyboards. It is usually labeled Ctrl but sometimes Control or Ctl is seen. Control key - History. On teletypewriters ...

Including:

• Control key - History
• Control key - Notation
• Control key - Examples
• Control key - Similar concepts
• Control key - External link

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Mind control is a general term for a number of controversial theories proposing that an individual's thinking, behavior, emotions or decisions can, to a greater or lesser extent, be manipulated at will by outside sources. People who believe they are subject to mind-control are usually psychotic. Suitable doses of anti-psychotic drugs remove the delusion or make it less obtrusive. The principal feasibility of such control and the methods by which it might be attained (either direct or more subtle) are both subject to hot ...

Including:

• Mind control - Theoretical models and methods
• Mind control - Failed attempts: Drugs physical methods Silva method
• Mind control - Subliminal advertising
• Mind control - Lifton brainwashing model
• Mind control - Margaret Singer's conditions for mind control
• Mind control - BITE model of Steven Hassan
• Mind control - Mind Control and the Battered Women Syndrome
• Mind control - Evolutionary Psychology approach
• Mind control - Social psychology tactics
• Mind control - Social psychological conditioning by Stahelski
• Mind control - Cults and mind control controversies
• Mind control - Scholarly points of view
• Mind control - Mind control and exit counseling
• Mind control - Mind control and recruitment rates
• Mind control - Mind control and faith
• Mind control - Counter-cult movement and mind control
• Mind control - Legal issues
• Mind control - Mind control in conspiracy theory
• Mind control - Mind control in fiction
• Mind control - Mind control as entertainment

Read more here: » Mind control: Encyclopedia - Mind control

The CONTROLLER is involved in the goal education process. In co-operation with the highest leadership level it unites the partial goals of the ranges to a ganzheitlichen and co-ordinated target system. The target system forms the starting point for the actual planning , in which measures and resources are specified for zielerreichung. The CONTROLLER is responsible for the arrangement of the planning system and for the plan co-ordination, while contentwise planning takes place via the high-level personnel of the ranges. To the Controll ...

See also:

Controlling, Controlling - Introduction, Controlling - Tasks of planning of the Controlling, Controlling - Information and service tasks of the Controlling, Controlling - Controllings and control tasks of the Controlling, Controlling - Tasks of co-ordination of the Controlling

Read more here: » Controlling: Encyclopedia II - Controlling - Tasks of planning of the Controlling

The states of a system is a collection of variables that at any given time completely describes the system. In particular, no information on the past of a system will help in predicting the future, if the states at the present time are known. Thus state controllability is usually taken to mean that it is possible - by admissible inputs - to steer the states from any initial value to any final value within some time window. Note that controllability does not mean that once you reach a state that you will be able to keep it there, merely that you can reach that state. < ...

See also:

Controllability, Controllability - State controllability, Controllability - Linear state controllability, Controllability - Output controllability, Controllability - Controllability in the behavioural framework

Read more here: » Controllability: Encyclopedia II - Controllability - State controllability

A controller is the brain component of a system that monitors certain input variables and adjusts other output variables to achieve the desired operation. For example, a house may have a heating system equipped with a controller known as a thermostat. The thermostat senses when the temperature (input) in the house is too cold, and starts up the heater (controlled output). After a while, the thermostat sen ...

See also:

Controller control theory, Controller control theory - Basic Principles, Controller control theory - Types of Control, Controller control theory - Types of Controllers

Read more here: » Controller control theory: Encyclopedia II - Controller control theory - Basic Principles

The CONTROLLER organized range-spreading the report system and develops this to a comprehensive management information system . By this one understands the regular transmission about economical control information in structured and compressed form to the high-level personnel. They form the basis for the monitoring of economy and for the evaluation of the business development on the basis goal sizes such as profit , profitability and amount covered . In the account systems (financial and accounting department) first for this the number ...

See also:

Controlling, Controlling - Introduction, Controlling - Tasks of planning of the Controlling, Controlling - Information and service tasks of the Controlling, Controlling - Controllings and control tasks of the Controlling, Controlling - Tasks of co-ordination of the Controlling

Read more here: » Controlling: Encyclopedia II - Controlling - Information and service tasks of the Controlling

Controlling is a guidance subsystem within the enterprise , whose kernel function lies according to dominant opinion in the co-ordination (control). (the reduction of the Controlling term on "control" would be misleading thereby!) After a comprehensive definition "Controlling" can be understood as the "procurement, dressing and analysis from data to the preparation of objective-fair decisions " ((Berens, Wolfgang)). In demarcation to the management activity Controlling is to be understood as a decision-support activity. Control ...

See also:

Controlling, Controlling - Introduction, Controlling - Tasks of planning of the Controlling, Controlling - Information and service tasks of the Controlling, Controlling - Controllings and control tasks of the Controlling, Controlling - Tasks of co-ordination of the Controlling

Read more here: » Controlling: Encyclopedia II - Controlling - Introduction

Controllability and observability are main issues in the analysis of a system before deciding the best control strategy to be applied. Controllability is related to the possibility of forcing the system into a particular state by using an appropriate control signal. If a state is not controllable, then no signal will ever be able to force the system to reach a level of controllability. Observability instead is related to the possibility of "observing", through output measurements, the state of a system. If a state is not observable, the controller will never be able to ...

See also:

Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A

Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Controllability and observability

Controllability and observability are main issues in the analysis of system before decide the best control strategy to be applied. Controllability is related to the possibility to force the system in a particular state by using an appropriate control signal. If a state is not controllable, then no signal will ever be able to force the system to reach a level of controllability. Observability instead is related to the possibility to "observe", through output measurements, the system occupying a state. If a state is not observable, the controller will never be able to ...

See also:

Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A

Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Controllability and observability

Several different control strategies have been devised in the past years. These vary from extremely general ones (PID controller), to others devoted to very particular classes of systems (es. Robotics or Aircraft cruise control). A control problem can have several specifications. Stability, of course, is always present: the controller must ensure that the closed-loop system is stable: this both if the open-loop is stable or not. An inaccurate choice of the controller, indeed, can even worsen the stability properties of the open-loop s ...

See also:

Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A

Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Control specifications

Every control system must guarantee first the stability of the closed-loop behaviour. For linear systems, this can be obtained directly placing the poles. Non-linear control systems used instead specific theories (normally based on Lyapunov's Theory) to ensure stability without regard to inner dynamics of the systems. The possibility to fulfil different specifications varies from the model considered and/or the control strategy chosen. Here a summary list of the main control techniques is shown: Control theory - PID controllers. < ...

See also:

Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A

Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Main control strategies

Flight controls - Trimming. Trimming controls allow a pilot to balance the lift and drag being produced by the wings and control surfaces over a wide range of load and airspeed. This reduces the effort required to adjust or maintain a desired flight attitude. Trim Tabs - Trim tabs are used to adjust the position of an associated main control surface. They are often hinged to the back edge of the control surface with a control in the cockpit. Some trim tabs on light aircraft are fixed sheets of metal ...

See also:

Flight controls, Flight controls - Axes of motion, Flight controls - Main Control Surfaces, Flight controls - Secondary effects of controls, Flight controls - Turning the aircraft, Flight controls - Alternate main control surfaces, Flight controls - Secondary control surfaces, Flight controls - Trimming, Flight controls - Other Controls

Read more here: » Flight controls: Encyclopedia II - Flight controls - Secondary control surfaces

To avoid the problems of the open-loop controller, control theory introduces feedback. The output of the system y(t) is fed back to the reference value r(t), through the measurement performed by a sensor. The controller C then takes the difference between the reference and the output, the error e, to change the inputs u to the system under control P. This is shown in the figure. This kind of con ...

See also:

Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A

Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Classical control theory

Neural networks have been used to solve problems in almost all spheres of science of technology. Neural network control basically involves two steps: System identification Control It has been shown that a feedforward network with nonlinear, continuous and differentiable activation functions have universal approximation capability. Recurrent networks have also been used for system identification. Given, a set of input-output data pairs, system identification aims to form a mapping among these data pair ...

See also:

Intelligent control, Intelligent control - Neural network controllers, Intelligent control - Bayesian controllers

Read more here: » Intelligent control: Encyclopedia II - Intelligent control - Neural network controllers

Every control system must guarantee first the stability of the closed-loop behaviour. For linear systems, this can be obtained directly placing the poles. Non-linear control systems used instead specific theories (normally based on Lyapunov Theory) to ensure stability without regard to inner dynamics of the systems. The possibility to fulfil different specifications varies from the model considered and/or the control strategy chosen. He ...

See also:

Control theory, Control theory - An example, Control theory - History, Control theory - Classical control theory, Control theory - Stability, Control theory - Controllability and observability, Control theory - Control specifications, Control theory - Model identification and robustness, Control theory - Main control strategies, Control theory - PID controllers, Control theory - Direct pole placement, Control theory - Optimal control, Control theory - Adaptive control, Control theory - Non-linear control systems, Control theory - Appendix A

Read more here: » Control theory: Encyclopedia II - Control theory - Main control strategies

Pure logic controls were historically implemented by electricians with networks of relays, and designed with a notation called ladder logic. Nowadays, most such systems are constructed with programmable logic controllers. Logic controllers usually respond to switches or photoelectric cells, and cause the machinery to perform some operation. Logic systems are great for sequencing mechanical operations in places like elevators and factories, but notably poor at managing continuous process controls ...

See also:

Control system, Control system - Logic controls, Control system - Linear controls, Control system - Fuzzy logic, Control system - How are these really made?

Read more here: » Control system: Encyclopedia II - Control system - Logic controls

Shadow the Hedgehog- Chaos Control to warp in Sonic Adventure 2, and to stop time in Sonic Adventure 2 2-Player Mode. Chaos Control to stop time in Team Dark's team blast; "Chaos Inferno" in Sonic Heroes. Chaos Control to warp and to slow time, as well as the destructive "Chaos Blast" in Shadow the Hedgehog. Sonic the Hedgehog- Chaos Control to warp in Sonic Adventure 2, most notably with a fake emerald. Biolizard- Chaos Control to merge with the Eclipse Cannon of the Space Colony Ark in Sonic Adventure 2. (Note: The Biolizard did so while surrounded ...

See also:

Chaos Control, Chaos Control - Teleportation, Chaos Control - Other Uses of Chaos Control, Chaos Control - Other Chaos Powers, Chaos Control - Users of Chaos Control, Chaos Control - History

Read more here: » Chaos Control: Encyclopedia II - Chaos Control - Users of Chaos Control

Terminal Control Center control positions usually include a radar controller and a coordinator who generally stands behind the radar position. Terminal Control Center - Radar controller. The radar controller is responsible for ensuring appropriate separation, and issuing traffic and other local aviation information for aircraft under its control. Additionally, the radar controller is responsible for ensuring all required coordination with other controllers in the tower, Terminal Control Center, or en-route center is completed ...

See also:

Terminal Control Center, Terminal Control Center - Terminal Control Center radar facilities, Terminal Control Center - Terminal Control Center Control positions, Terminal Control Center - Radar controller, Terminal Control Center - Coordinator, Terminal Control Center - Data or support controller, Terminal Control Center - Terminal Control Center traffic responsibilities, Terminal Control Center - Departure aircraft, Terminal Control Center - Arrival aircraft, Terminal Control Center - Overflight aircraft, Terminal Control Center - VFR aircraft, Terminal Control Center - Terminal Control Center availability

Read more here: » Terminal Control Center: Encyclopedia II - Terminal Control Center - Terminal Control Center Control positions

Linear controls use negative feedback to keep some desired process within an acceptable hour. For example, a thermostat is a simple negative feedback control- when the temperature goes below a threshold, control starts. In household thermostats, a simple switch turns the furnace on. However, a simple logic control like a home thermostat doesn't respond smoothly. In industrial furnaces, it's often better to turn the fuel valve open proportionally to the coldness of the furnace. This avoids sudden shocks to the furnace that can shatter brickwork or s ...

See also:

Control system, Control system - Logic controls, Control system - Linear controls, Control system - Fuzzy logic, Control system - How are these really made?

Read more here: » Control system: Encyclopedia II - Control system - Linear controls