Continental Europe

Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the continent, refers to the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands and peninsulae. Notably, in British English and Hiberno-English usage, the term means Europe excluding the British Isles. Continental Europe - The English concept. In the English mind Continental Europe is foremost represented by the Benelux, Germany, and especially France. A famous (perhaps apocryphal) British newspaper headli ...

Including:

• Continental Europe - The English concept
• Continental Europe - The Nordic concept

Read more here: » Continental Europe: Encyclopedia - Continental Europe

Common law originally developed under the auspices of the adversarial system in historical England from judicial decisions that were based in tradition, custom, and precedent. Such forms of legal institutions and culture bear resemblance to those which existed historically in continental Europe and other societies where precedent and custom have at times played a substantial role in the legal process, including Germanic law recorded in Roman historical chronicles. The form of reasoning used in common law is known as casuistry or case-based r ...

See also:

Common law, Common law - History of the common law, Common law - Common law legal systems, Common law - Basic principles of common law, Common law - Works on the common law

Read more here: » Common law: Encyclopedia II - Common law - History of the common law

An advocatus was an advocate in the Middle Ages. It was used in Continental Europe as the title of the lay lord charged with the protection and representation in secular matters of an abbey. The office is traceable as early as the beginning of the 5th century in the Roman Empire, the churches being allowed to choose defensores from the body of advocates to represent them in the courts. In the Frankish Kingdom, under the Merovingians, these lay representatives of the churches appear as agentes, defensores and advocati; and under the Ca ...

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1900s 1910s 1920s - 1930s - 1940s 1950s 1960s 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1930s - Events and trends. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. In Australia, this decade was known as the Dirty Thirties. In both Central Europe and Eastern Europe, Fascism, Nazism, Stalinism,dominated as the solution, the first two adopting war-oriented economic policies and the l ...

Including:

• 1930s - Events and trends
• 1930s - Technology
• 1930s - Science
• 1930s - War peace and politics
• 1930s - Economics
• 1930s - Culture religion
• 1930s - Others
• 1930s - People
• 1930s - World leaders
• 1930s - Entertainers
• 1930s - Sports figures

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Air raid shelters are structures for the protection of the civil population as well as military personnel against enemy attacks from the air. Air-raid shelter - The characteristics of the structures serving as air raid shelters in World War Two. Air raid shelters were built specifically to serve as protection against enemy air raids. However, pre-existing edifices designed for other functions, such as underground stations (tube or subway stations), tunnels, or cellars in houses, basements in larger establis ...

Including:

• Air-raid shelter - The characteristics of the structures serving as air raid shelters in World War Two
• Air-raid shelter - Cellars
• Air-raid shelter - Cellars in the UK
• Air-raid shelter - Basements
• Air-raid shelter - Railway arches and subways underpasses
• Air-raid shelter - Underground tube stations
• Air-raid shelter - Other tunnels
• Air-raid shelter - Street communal shelter
• Air-raid shelter - Anderson shelter
• Air-raid shelter - Morrison shelter
• Air-raid shelter - Military citadels under London
• Air-raid shelter - Hochbunker
• Air-raid shelter - Brick-built shelter
• Air-raid shelter - Other constructions

Read more here: » Air-raid shelter: Encyclopedia - Air-raid shelter

British literature is literature from the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The largest part of this literature is written in the English language, but there are also separate literatures in the Welsh language, Scottish Gaelic, Scots and other languages. Northern Ireland is the only part of Ireland still part of the United Kingdom and it possesses literature in English, Ulster Scots and Irish. Irish writers have also played an important part in the development of English-language literature. Britis ...

Including:

• British literature - Old Celtic literature
• British literature - Old English literature
• British literature - Late medieval literature in England
• British literature - Other medieval literatures
• British literature - Early modern English literature to 1660
• British literature - English language literature from 1660 to the late 18th century
• British literature - Non English language literatures from the 16th century to the 19th century
• British literature - 19th century English language literature
• British literature - The Romantics
• British literature - The 19th century novel
• British literature - Victorian poets
• British literature - Ireland
• British literature - Wales
• British literature - Scotland
• British literature - English language literature since 1900
• British literature - Non English language literatures since 1900
• British literature - Literary prizes

Read more here: » British literature: Encyclopedia - British literature

1. In common with the rest of the UK. 2. No official anthem. God Save the Queen is traditionally the UK national anthem. See national symbols below. Scotland (Alba in Gaelic) is a nation in northwest Europe and a constituent country of the United Kingdom. The country occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain and shares a land border to the south with England and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the ...

Including:

• Scotland - Etymology
• Scotland - History
• Scotland - Politics
• Scotland - Law
• Scotland - Subdivisions
• Scotland - Geography
• Scotland - Climate
• Scotland - Economy
• Scotland - Demographics
• Scotland - Language
• Scotland - Religion
• Scotland - Education
• Scotland - Culture
• Scotland - Music
• Scotland - Literature
• Scotland - Sport
• Scotland - Media
• Scotland - National symbols
• Scotland - Gallery of Images

Read more here: » Scotland: Encyclopedia - Scotland

The purpose of the Bologna process is to create the European higher education area by harmonising academic degree standards and quality assurance standards throughout Europe for each faculty and its development. The name is based on the fact that the process was proposed at the University of Bologna with the signing, in 1999, of the Bologna declaration by ministers of education from 29 European countries in the Italian city of Bologna. This was opened up to other countries, and further governmental meetings have been held in Prague (2001), Berlin (2003) and Bergen (2005); the ...

Including:

• Bologna process - Framework
• Bologna process - Effects
• Bologna process - Austria
• Bologna process - Belgium
• Bologna process - Denmark
• Bologna process - Estonia
• Bologna process - France
• Bologna process - Germany
• Bologna process - Italy
• Bologna process - Ireland
• Bologna process - Spain
• Bologna process - Sweden
• Bologna process - United Kingdom
• Bologna process - Russia
• Bologna process - Signatories

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A city is an urban area that is differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. City - Introduction. In most parts of the world, cities are generally substantial and nearly always have an urban core, but in the United States many incorporated areas which have a very modest population, or a suburban or even mostly rural character, are designated as cities. City can also be a synonym for "downtown" or a "city centre". A city usually consis ...

Including:

• City - Introduction
• City - The difference between towns and cities
• City - Geography
• City - History of cities
• City - Modern conceptions
• City - Traditional approach
• City - Shortcomings
• City - Modern approach
• City - Global cities
• City - Environmental effects
• City - Inner city
• City - Lists
• City - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » City: Encyclopedia - City

The letter Þ (minuscule: þ), which is also known as thorn or þorn is a letter in the Anglo-Saxon and Icelandic alphabets. It was also used in medieval Scandinavia, but was later replaced with th. The letter originated from the rune ᚦ, called "thorn" in Anglo-Saxon and thurs (giant) in Scandinavia. It has the sound of either a voiceless interdental fricative, like 'th' as in the English word "thick", or a voiced dental fricative, like 'th' as in the English word "the". In Icelandic the usage however is restricted to the former; the voic ...

Including:

• Thorn letter - Usage in English
• Thorn letter - Trivia

Read more here: » Thorn letter: Encyclopedia - Thorn letter

White tie (known as full evening dress in the United Kingdom and other areas) is the most formal dress code that exists for civilians today.1 There exists a less formal counterpart known as black tie and a formal day time equivalent known as morning dress. See Formal wear for a complete listing and definition of formal dress codes. A woman must wear a formal ball gown with her best accessories and jewellery when the dress is described as white tie. Where state decorations are specified, tiaras are usual ...

Including:

• White tie - Elements
• White tie - Variations
• White tie - Appropriate occasions
• White tie - Related forms of dress
• White tie - Note

Read more here: » White tie: Encyclopedia - White tie

The History of Ireland is the story of a large island in the north-west of Europe and is heavily influenced by the concurrent History of Britain, its larger neighbour to the east. The first humans inhabited Ireland from around 7500 BC and were later responsible for major Neolithic sites such as Newgrange. Following the arrival of St. Patrick and other Christian missionaries in the mid-fifth century, a syncretized form of Christianity subsumed the indigenous pagan religion by A.D. 600. This led to a golden age of monastic Irish writing and ar ...

Including:

• History of Ireland - Early history: 8000 BC–AD 400
• History of Ireland - Early Christian Ireland 400–800
• History of Ireland - Early medieval era 800–1166
• History of Ireland - Later Medieval Ireland
• History of Ireland - The Coming of the Normans 1167–1185
• History of Ireland - The Lordship of Ireland 1185–1254
• History of Ireland - Gaelic Resurgence Norman Decline 1254–1360
• History of Ireland - Reformation 1536–1654 and Protestant Ascendancy 1654–1801
• History of Ireland - Re-conquest and rebellion
• History of Ireland - Civil Wars and Penal Laws
• History of Ireland - Colonial Ireland
• History of Ireland - Union with Great Britain 1801-1922
• History of Ireland - Home Rule Easter 1916 and the War of Independence
• History of Ireland - Free State/Republic 1922-present
• History of Ireland - Northern Ireland
• History of Ireland - Footnotes

Read more here: » History of Ireland: Encyclopedia - History of Ireland

The most general definition of nationalism is broad, and has been controversial throughout history. Specific examples of nationalism are extremely diverse. Extreme emotions are aroused when discussing nationalism, and that makes it difficult to describe and define nationalism. A recurring problem is that people define nationalism on the basis of their local experience. To a Breton nationalist, the central issue is state nationalism versus cultural nationalism; elsewhere that distinction may be irrelevant. Often supporters of nationalism fear ...

Including:

• Nationalism - Background and problems
• Nationalism - Issues in nationalism theory
• Nationalism - Historical evolution of nationalism
• Nationalism - Prior to 1900
• Nationalism - 20th Century nationalism
• Nationalism - Language and nationalism
• Nationalism - Prominent figures
• Nationalism - Types of nationalism
• Nationalism - Nationalism within nations
• Nationalism - Post-2001 nationalism in the United States
• Nationalism - Patriotism and extremism
• Nationalism - Racism
• Nationalism - Opposition and critique
• Nationalism - Historical effect of nationalism

Read more here: » Nationalism: Encyclopedia - Nationalism

Quarantine is enforced isolation, typically to contain the spread of something considered dangerous (often disease). The word comes from the Italian quaranta giorni, meaning forty days. Quarantine is also used as a general term for blockading (such as the naval blockade during the Cuban missile crisis in the 1960s) or for denying access systematically to a resource. In computer sciences, it is used to name the procedure of isolation of computer viruses into a special directory, until something can be done about it withou ...

Including:

• Quarantine - Practices
• Quarantine - History
• Quarantine - International Conventions

Read more here: » Quarantine: Encyclopedia - Quarantine

The common law forms a major part of the law of many countries, especially those with a history as British territories or colonies. It is notable for its inclusion of extensive non-statutory law reflecting a consensus of centuries of judgments by working jurists. Common law - History of the common law. Common law originally developed under the auspices of the adversarial system in historical England from judicial decisions that were based in tradition, custom, and precedent. Such forms of legal institutions ...

Including:

• Common law - History of the common law
• Common law - Common law legal systems
• Common law - Basic principles of common law
• Common law - Works on the common law

Read more here: » Common law: Encyclopedia - Common law

Procyon cancrivorus Procyon insularis Procyon lotor Raccoons are mammals native to the Americas in the genus Procyon of the Procyonidae family. Raccoons are notable for their thumbs, which (though not opposable) enable them to open many closed containers (such as garbage cans) and doors. They are intelligent omnivores with a reputation for slyness and mischief. Raccoon - Species. There are three species of raccoon. The most widespread is the ...

Including:

• Raccoon - Species
• Raccoon - Behavior
• Raccoon - Raccoons as pets
• Raccoon - Literature

Read more here: » Raccoon: Encyclopedia - Raccoon

A continent (Latin continere, "to hold together") is a large continuous land mass. There are several conceptions of what a continent is, geographic, geologic, and tectonic. Continent - Geographic continents. Since geography is defined by local convention, there are several conceptions as to which landmasses qualify as continents, and which might be termed supercontinents (e.g. Africa-Eurasia), microcontinents (e.g. Madagascar or New Zealand), or subcontinents (e. ...

Including:

• Continent - Geographic continents
• Continent - Geologic continents
• Continent - Tectonic plates

Read more here: » Continent: Encyclopedia - Continent

To deal with situations where no clear majorities appear, parties either form coalition governments, alliances or agreements with other parties to stay in office. A common situation is governance with "jumping majorities", i.e. that the Cabinet stays as long as it can negotiate support from parliament-majorities which well may be differently formed from issue to issue, from bill to bill. An alternative arrangement is a looser alliance of parties, exemplified with Sweden. There the long governing Social-Democrats have governed w ...

See also:

Minority government, Minority government - Coalitions and alliances, Minority government - First Past the Post, Minority government - Proportional representation, Minority government - Criticism

Read more here: » Minority government: Encyclopedia II - Minority government - Coalitions and alliances

List of Europe-related topics - Other. Crimea England European microstates Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Kaliningrad Oblast Kosovo Montenegro Nagorno-Karabakh Northern Ireland Scotland Serbia Svalbard Vojvodina Wales List of Europe-related topics - Former States. Kingdom of Aragon < ...

See also:

List of Europe-related topics, List of Europe-related topics - States, List of Europe-related topics - Other, List of Europe-related topics - Former States, List of Europe-related topics - Regions, List of Europe-related topics - Geography and the environment, List of Europe-related topics - Geography, List of Europe-related topics - History, List of Europe-related topics - Conflicts, List of Europe-related topics - Economics, List of Europe-related topics - By country, List of Europe-related topics - Central Banks, List of Europe-related topics - Politics, List of Europe-related topics - European alliances, List of Europe-related topics - Media and communications, List of Europe-related topics - Television and radio, List of Europe-related topics - Newspapers, List of Europe-related topics - Communications, List of Europe-related topics - Transport, List of Europe-related topics - Culture, List of Europe-related topics - Food and drink, List of Europe-related topics - Languages, List of Europe-related topics - Religion and ethnicity, List of Europe-related topics - Sports and games, List of Europe-related topics - Education, List of Europe-related topics - Science and technology

Read more here: » List of Europe-related topics: Encyclopedia II - List of Europe-related topics - States

The single was co-written by Carey, Walter Afanasieff, and Boyz II Men members Wanya Morris, Shawn Stockman, Nathan Morris, and Michael McCary. It was co-produced by Carey and Afanasieff. In terms of Billboard charts, the single is the most successful ever for both Carey and Boyz II Men. In this memorial pop anthem, Carey and Boyz II Men lament the deaths of friends, but say that they will be together again "one sweet day". "One Sweet Day" was originally inspired by the death of Carey's friend, co-writer, and co-producer, David Cole ( ...

See also:

One Sweet Day, One Sweet Day - Song information and recording, One Sweet Day - Chart performance, One Sweet Day - Awards, One Sweet Day - Video and remixes, One Sweet Day - Track listings of major single-releases, One Sweet Day - USA CD maxi single cassette maxi single/12 single, One Sweet Day - Charts, One Sweet Day - Official remixes/versions list

Read more here: » One Sweet Day: Encyclopedia II - One Sweet Day - Song information and recording