Ironically, the ground for Bonaparte's coup may have been laid more by his few defeats than by his many victories. In November 1799, France was suffering the effects of military reverses brought on by Bonaparte's adventurism in the Middle East. The looming threat of opportunistic invasion by the Second Coalition had provoked internal unrest, with Bonaparte stuck in Egypt. The coup was first prepared not by Bonaparte, but by the Abbé Sieyès, then one of the five Directors, attempting to head off a return to Jacobinism. Dazzled by Bon ...

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18 Brumaire, 18 Brumaire - Context, 18 Brumaire - The events of 18 Brumaire in the year VIII, 18 Brumaire - The events of 19 Brumaire, 18 Brumaire - Aftermath, 18 Brumaire - External references

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In the 15th century, Spain was not a single state but a confederation of realms, each with their own administrations, such as the Crown of Aragon and the Crown of Castile, ruled by Ferdinand and Isabella, respectively. In the Crown of Aragon, a confederation of the Kingdom of Aragon, Baleares, Catalonia and Valencia, there was a local inquisition from the Middle Ages, as in the rest of the European countries ...

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Spanish Inquisition, Spanish Inquisition - Context, Spanish Inquisition - Origin, Spanish Inquisition - The Inquisition and the expulsion of the Jews, Spanish Inquisition - Operation of the Inquistion, Spanish Inquisition - Torture techniques used, Spanish Inquisition - Death tolls, Spanish Inquisition - The Spanish Inquisition in the arts

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Although the main reason for the plagues appears to be Pharaoh's repeated refusal to release the Jewish people from slavery, according to the Torah, God deliberately made Pharaoh unwilling to release the people, so that God could manifest his great power and cause it to be declared among the nations (Ex 9:14, 16), so that other peoples would discuss it for generations afterward (Jos 2:9-11; 9:9; Isa 4:8; 6:6). In this view, the plagues were proof that the gods ...

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Plagues of Egypt, Plagues of Egypt - The plagues, Plagues of Egypt - Context, Plagues of Egypt - Textual issues, Plagues of Egypt - Traditional views, Plagues of Egypt - According to critical scholarship, Plagues of Egypt - Historicity, Plagues of Egypt - Archaeology, Plagues of Egypt - Natural explanations, Plagues of Egypt - Morality, Plagues of Egypt - The Plagues in Popular Culture

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The KD was written by an ecumenical group of pastors in Soweto, though their names have never (officially) become public: there appears to have been a conscious decision at the time to make this an anonymous document, perhaps for security reasons, since the Apartheid regime frequently harassed, detained, or tortured clergy who opposed the government. It is widely thought though that Frank Chikane (a black pentecostal pastor and theologian) and Albert Nolan (a white Roman Catholic priest and member of the Dominican order) belonged to this gro ...

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Kairos Document, Kairos Document - Context, Kairos Document - Summary, Kairos Document - Chapter One: The Moment of Truth, Kairos Document - Chapter Two: Critique of State Theology, Kairos Document - Chapter Three: Critique of 'Church Theology', Kairos Document - Chapter Four: Towards a Prophetic Theology, Kairos Document - Chapter Five: Challenge to Action, Kairos Document - Conclusion, Kairos Document - Reactions, Kairos Document - Literature

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In linguistics and computer science, a context-free grammar (CFG) is a formal grammar in which every production rule is of the form V → w where V is a non-terminal symbol and w is a string consisting of terminals and/or non-terminals. The term "context-free" comes from the fact that the non-terminal V can always be replaced by w, regardless of the context in which it occurs. A formal language is context ...

Including:

Context-free grammar - Formal definition Context-free grammar - Examples
Context-free grammar - Example 1 Context-free grammar - Example 2 Context-free grammar - Example 3 Context-free grammar - Example 4 Context-free grammar - Other examples
Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees Context-free grammar - Normal forms Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

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Context speaking budgies are budgerigars (budgies, or parakeets) that are believed by some to possess the ability to speak coherently and with a comprehension of what they are saying. Victor was a notable budgie once owned by Ryan B. Reynolds of Ontario, Canada who first received notoriety in 2001. In 2001 Reynolds first released to the press, many recordings of his bird's apparent ability to speak coherently in which the bird appeared to possess a contextual understanding of what he was actually saying. Since that time, he and his re ...

Including:

Context speaking budgies - Reynolds' 'transcription' process Context speaking budgies - Laboratory verification of claims still pending

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There are several scenarios where a context switch needs to occur. Context switch - Multitasking. Most commonly, within some scheduling schema, one process needs to be switched out of the CPU so another process can run. Within a preemptive multitasking operating system, the scheduler allows every task to run for some certain amount of time, called its time slice. However, if a process does not voluntarily yield the CPU (for example, by performing an I/O operation), a timer interrupt fires, an ...

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Context switch, Context switch - When to switch?, Context switch - Multitasking, Context switch - Interrupt handling, Context switch - User and kernel mode switching, Context switch - Context switch: steps, Context switch - Software vs hardware context switching

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Context-free grammar - Example 1. A simple context-free grammar is S → aSb | ε where | is a logical OR, and is used to separate multiple options for the same non-terminal—ε stands for an empty string. This grammar generates the language which is not regular. Context-free grammar - Example 2. Here is a context-free grammar for syntactically correct infix algebraic expressions in the variables x, y and z: S → x | y | z | S + S | S - S | S * S | S/S | (S) This grammar can, for example, generat ...

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Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

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Just as any formal grammar, a context-free grammar G can be defined as a 4-tuple: G = (Vt,Vn,P,S) where Vt is a finite set of terminals Vn is a finite set of non-terminals P is a finite set of productions rules S is an e ...

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Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

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Every context-free grammar which does not generate the empty string can be transformed into an equivalent one in Chomsky normal form or Greibach normal form. "Equivalent" here means that the two grammars generate the same language. Because of the especially simple form of production rules in Chomsky Normal Form grammars, this normal form has both theoretical and practical implications. For instance, given a context-free grammar, one can use the Chomsky Normal Form to construct a polynomial-time algorithm which decides whether a given string is in the language re ...

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Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

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Although some operations on context-free grammars are decidable due to their limited power, unlike finite automata CFGs do have interesting undecidable problems. One of the simplest and most cited is the problem of deciding whether a CFG accepts the language of all strings. A reduction can be demonstrated to this problem from the well-known undecidable problem of determining whether a Turing machine accepts a particular input. The reduction uses the concept of a computation history, a string describing an entire computation of a Turin ...

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Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

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There are basically two ways to describe how in a certain grammar a string can be derived from the start symbol. The simplest way is to list the consecutive strings of symbols, beginning with the start symbol and ending with the string, and the rules that have been applied. If we introduce a strategy such as "always replace the left-most nonterminal first" then for context-free grammars the list of applied grammar rules is by itself sufficient. This is called the leftmost derivation of a string. For example, if we take the follow ...

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Context-free grammar, Context-free grammar - Formal definition, Context-free grammar - Examples, Context-free grammar - Example 1, Context-free grammar - Example 2, Context-free grammar - Example 3, Context-free grammar - Example 4, Context-free grammar - Other examples, Context-free grammar - Derivations and syntax trees, Context-free grammar - Normal forms, Context-free grammar - Undecidable problems, Context-free grammar - Properties of context-free languages

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Katrina produced slightly above average rains for a tropical cyclone, with nearly 16 1/2 inches of rain falling between South Miami and Perrine in South Florida, with totals of up towards 15 inches in Louisiana. A storm total rainfall map can be found here: [1] ...

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Hurricane Katrina in historical context, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Rainfall, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - By death toll, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Other USA city devastations/disasters, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Other disasters in New Orleans, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Other levee and flood disasters, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Comparison to other evacuations/refugee crises

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2005 Atlantic hurricane season Timeline Economic effects Damage to infrastructure Political effects Criticism of gov't response Social effects Humanitarian effects Effects by region Effects on Mississippi Effects on New Orleans N.O. hurricane preparedness Superdome—Astrodome Civil disturbances Infrastructure repairs Disaster relief International respon ...

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Hurricane Katrina in historical context, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Rainfall, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - By death toll, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Other USA city devastations/disasters, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Other disasters in New Orleans, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Other levee and flood disasters, Hurricane Katrina in historical context - Comparison to other evacuations/refugee crises

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During the "War Against Batista" in Cuba this term was applied to the essential scouts and pickets that ranged from the Sierra Maestra and other mountain ranges to the plains (Morán Arce, 1980). The much despised "escopeteros," "come vacas" (eaters of cows) were responsible for semi-continuously holding terrain against smaller sized Batista patrols [5]. The escopeteros provided first alerts, communications, protected supply routes, provided essential intelligence and often captured weapons which were sent up to the ...

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Escopeteros, Escopeteros - 1950s context, Escopeteros - 1960s context

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An archetypical context-free language is , the language of all non-empty even-length strings, the entire first halves of which are a's, and the entire second halves of which are b's. L is generated by the grammar , and is accepted by the pushdown automaton M = ({q0,q1,qf},{a},{a,b,z},δ,q0,{qf}) where See also:

Context-free language, Context-free language - Examples, Context-free language - Closure Properties

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Context-Free Languages are closed under the following operations. That is, if "L" and "P" are Context-Free Languages and "D" is a Regular Language, the following languages are Context-Free as well: the Kleene star L* of L the homomorphism φ(L) of "L" the concatenation LP of L and P the union L∪P of "L" and "P" the intersection (with a Regular Language) L∩D of "L" and "D" Context-Free Languages a ...

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Context-free language, Context-free language - Examples, Context-free language - Closure Properties

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Also see: Officer Cadet In the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries, a cadet is a member of one of the cadet forces. In the UK these are: the Combined Cadet Force, the Sea Cadets, Army Cadets and the Air Training Corps. In the United States, cadet refers to an officer in training. The United States Navy and United States Marine Corps use the term midshipman, while the United States Coast Guard, United States Air Force, and United States Army all indeed use the term cadet. See Office ...

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Cadet, Cadet - Military context, Cadet - Civilian context, Cadet - Other usage

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In the United States, cadet refers to an officer in training for the police, firefighter and EMT services. Similar usage exists in the UK for personnel in training for the positions of fire and rescue service officers. In Switzerland, cadet (German:Kadett) refers to a participant of the programm of the corps of cadets (German:Kadettenkorps). Kadettenkorps are maintained by public schools or private associations. From the late 18th century to the mid of 20th century, the Kadettenkorps used to prepare ...

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Cadet, Cadet - Military context, Cadet - Civilian context, Cadet - Other usage

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Amongst humans, particularly in a social context, the term diversity refers to the presence in one population of a (wide) variety of Cultures, Ethnic groups Physical features, especially if they are recognized by members of that population to constitute characterstics of a race - (see also human variability) Socio-economic backgrounds Opinions Religious beliefs Possible attitudes to this sit ...

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Diversity, Diversity - Human context, Diversity - Planetary context, Diversity - Ecological context, Diversity - Radio and telecommunications, Diversity - Business context, Diversity - Evolutionary computation, Diversity - Texas Instruments Diversity Initiatives, Diversity - Politics

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Amongst humans, particularly in a social context, the term diversity refers to the presence in one population of a (wide) variety of Cultures, Ethnic groups Physical features, especially if they are recognized by members of that population to constitute characterstics of a race - (see also human variability) Socio-economic backgrounds Opinions Religious beliefs Sexuality Gender Identity Possible attitudes to this sit ...

See also:

Diversity, Diversity - Human context, Diversity - Planetary context, Diversity - Ecological context, Diversity - Radio and telecommunications, Diversity - Business context, Diversity - Evolutionary computation, Diversity - Texas Instruments Diversity Initiatives, Diversity - Politics

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