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  This article is about the year 4. For other uses of 4, see 4 (number). 4 - Events. Rome: Emperor Caesar Augustus summons Tiberius to Rome, and names him his heir and future emperor. Tiberius also adopts Germanicus as his own heir. Sextus Aelius Catus becomes consul. The Lex Aelia Sentia regulates the manumission of slaves. Namhae Chachaung succeeds Bak Hyeokgeose as king of the Korean kingdom of Silla (traditional date)Including:

• 4 - Events
• 4 - Births
• 4 - Deaths

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The sum total of the Roman population was divided into two classes, the Senate and the Roman People (as seen in the famous abbreviation SPQR); the Roman People consisted of all Roman citizens who were not members of the Senate, such as the plebeians and proletarians. Domestic power was vested in the Roman People, through the Centuriate Assembly (Comitia Centuriata), the Tribal Assembly (Comitia Populi Tributa), and the Council of the People (Concilium Plebis.) Contrary to popular belief, the Senate was not a legislature; ...

See also:

Roman Senate, Roman Senate - Foundation, Roman Senate - Authority, Roman Senate - Membership, Roman Senate - Late Republican Senate, Roman Senate - Hierarchy, Roman Senate - Notable practices, Roman Senate - Style of dress, Roman Senate - The Equestrian class, Roman Senate - Decline of the Senate 1st century BC - 6th century AD, Roman Senate - Eastern Roman Senate

Read more here: » Roman Senate: Encyclopedia II - Roman Senate - Authority

The play opens in Rome, shortly after the expulsion of the Tarquin kings. There are riots in progress, after stores of grain were withheld from ordinary citizens. The rioters are particularly angry at Caius Martius, a brilliant Roman general who they blame for the grain being taken away. The rioters encounter a patrician named Menenius Agrippa, as well as Caius Martius himself. Menenius tries to calm the rioters, while Martius is openly contemptuous, and says that the plebeians were not worthy of the grain because of their lack of military s ...

See also:

Coriolanus play, Coriolanus play - The Plot, Coriolanus play - Text of the play, Coriolanus play - Dramatis Personae, Coriolanus play - Critical Appraisal

Read more here: » Coriolanus play: Encyclopedia II - Coriolanus play - The Plot

Brutus is a Roman cognomen used by several politicians of the Junii family, especially in the Roman Republic. Brutus - Ancient Romans with this name. For the Brutus who was the most famous of Julius Caesar's assassins, see Marcus Junius Brutus. Other notable ancient Romans with this cognomen include: Tiberius Junius Brutus — rebel; son of Lucius Junius Brutus Titus Junius Brutus — rebel; son of Lucius Junius Brutus Gnaeus Junius Brutus — first plebeian Jun ...

Including:

• Brutus - Ancient Romans with this name
• Brutus - Other people called Brutus

Read more here: » Brutus: Encyclopedia - Brutus

August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 132 days remaining. August 21 - Events. 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the de facto ruler of Japan. (Traditional Japanese date: July 12, 1192) 1680 - Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt 1770 - James Cook formally claims eastern Australia for Great Britain, naming it New South Wales. 17 ...

Including:

• August 21 - Events
• August 21 - Births
• August 21 - Deaths
• August 21 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 21: Encyclopedia - August 21

Attila the Hun (Old Norse: Atle, Atli; German: Etzel; ca. 406–453 AD) was the last and most powerful king of the Huns. He reigned over what was then Europe's largest empire, from 434 until his death. His empire stretched from Central Europe to the Black Sea and from the Danube River to the Baltic. During his rule he was among the direst enemies of the Eastern and Western Roman Empires: he invaded the Balkans twice and encircled Constantinople in the second invasion. He marched through France as far as Orleans before being turned back at Chalons; and he drove the western empero ...

Including:

• Attila the Hun - Background and beginnings
• Attila the Hun - Shared kingship
• Attila the Hun - Sole ruler
• Attila the Hun - Attila in the west
• Attila the Hun - Invasion of Italy and death
• Attila the Hun - Appearance character and name
• Attila the Hun - Notes

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The Basilica of San Clemente is a complex of buildings in Rome centered around a 12th century Roman Catholic church dedicated to Pope Clement I. The site is notable as being an archeological record of Roman architectural, political and religious history from the early Christian era to the Middle Ages. Basilica di San Clemente - History. This ancient church was transformed over the centuries from a private home that was the site of clandestine Christian worship in the 1st century to a grand public basilica b ...

Including:

• Basilica di San Clemente - History
• Basilica di San Clemente - Roman buildings
• Basilica di San Clemente - The first basilica
• Basilica di San Clemente - The second basilica

Read more here: » Basilica di San Clemente: Encyclopedia - Basilica di San Clemente

Attalus I (Soter "Savior") (269 BCE–197 BCE)1 ruled Pergamon, a Greek city state in present-day Turkey, from 241 BCE to 197 BCE. He was the second cousin and the adoptive son of Eumenes I2, whom he succeeded, and was the first of the Attalid dynasty to assume the title of king.3 He won an important victory over the Galatians, newly arrived Celtic tribes from Thrace, who had been, for more than a generation, plundering and exacting tribute thr ...

Including:

• Attalus I - Early life
• Attalus I - Defeat of the Galatians
• Attalus I - Conquests in Seleucid Asia Minor
• Attalus I - First Macedonian War
• Attalus I - Macedonian hostilities of 201 BCE
• Attalus I - Second Macedonian War
• Attalus I - Wife and sons
• Attalus I - The introduction of the cult of the Magna Mater to Rome
• Attalus I - Notes

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The Battle of the Allia was a battle of the first Gallic invasion of Italy. The battle was fought near the Allia river, and the defeat of the Roman army opened the route for the Gauls to sack Rome. It was fought in 390/387 BC Battle of the Allia - Background. Prior to the battle, the Gauls invaded the Etruscan province of Siena and attacked the town of Clusium. The Clusians, overwhelmed by the size of the enemy in numbers and ferocity, called on Rome for help, though they were not allies or friends. Rome, w ...

Including:

• Battle of the Allia - Background
• Battle of the Allia - Roman Disaster
• Battle of the Allia - Recovery and Reform

Read more here: » Battle of the Allia: Encyclopedia - Battle of the Allia

George Bryan Brummell (June 7, 1778 – March 30, 1840), better known as Beau Brummell, was an arbiter of fashion in Regency England and a friend of the Prince Regent. He led the trend for men to wear understated but beautifully cut clothes, adorned with elaborately tied neckwear. Brummell is credited with introducing and bringing to fashion the modern man's suit worn with tie. The suit is now worn throughout the world for business and formal occasions, even though its origin is England. He claimed to take five hours to dress, and recommended that boots be polished with champag ...

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Flavius Belisarius (505-565) was one of the greatest generals of the Byzantine Empire and one of the greatest generals in history. Belisarius is not particularly well known today (certainly nowhere as near as well-known as Julius Caesar, or Alexander the Great), but this is due more to a lack of attention to Byzantine history than to his skill and accomplishments, which were matched by few, if any, military commanders. Belisarius - Early life and career. Belisarius was probably born in Germane or ...

Including:

• Belisarius - Early life and career
• Belisarius - Campaigns against the Vandals
• Belisarius - Campaigns against the Ostrogoths
• Belisarius - His later life and campaigns
• Belisarius - The legend of Belisarius as a blind beggar
• Belisarius - Belisarius in fiction
• Belisarius - Named after him

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The Basilica of St. John Lateran — in Italian, the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano — is the cathedral church of Rome and the official ecclesiastical seat of the Pope. Officially named Archibasilica Sanctissimi Salvatoris (Archbasilica of the Most Holy Savior), it is the oldest and ranks first among the five major basilicas, and holds the title of ecumenical motherchurch among Catholics. An inscription on the façade, Christo Salvatore, dedicates the Lateran as Archbasilica of the Most Holy Saviour, ...

Including:

• Basilica of St. John Lateran - Lateran Palace
• Basilica of St. John Lateran - Reconstruction
• Basilica of St. John Lateran - Architectural history
• Basilica of St. John Lateran - Lateran cloister
• Basilica of St. John Lateran - Lateran baptistry
• Basilica of St. John Lateran - Catholic liturgy

Read more here: » Basilica of St. John Lateran: Encyclopedia - Basilica of St. John Lateran

The Appian Way (Latin: Via Appia) is the most important Roman road. It was called regina viarum, "the queen of the roads." Its construction was started in 312 BC by the consul Appius Claudius Caecus on an existing track that connected Rome with the Alban Hills (this road has been thought to be the one that originally brought Latins from Alba Longa to the future capital). The original track of the Appian Way connected Rome (from Porta San Sebastiano in the Aurelian Walls, near the Baths of Caracalla) with Ariccia, Forum Appii, Terracina, Fondi, Formia, Minturnae (Mi ...

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2 BC - Events. 2 BC - Births. 2 BC - Deaths. Iullus Antonius - son of Mark Antony and consul in 10 BC Category: 2 BC ...

Including:

• 2 BC - Events
• 2 BC - Births
• 2 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 2 BC: Encyclopedia - 2 BC

Centuries: 4th century BC - 5th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 500s BC 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC - 450s BC - 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC Years: 465 BC 464 BC 463 BC 462 BC 461 BC - 460 BC - 459 BC 458 BC 457 BC 456 BC 455 BC 460 BC - Events. Egypt revolts against Persia, starting a six year war. An Athenian force sent to attack Cyprus is diverted to support this revolt. Cincinnatus ...

Including:

• 460 BC - Events
• 460 BC - Births
• 460 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 460 BC: Encyclopedia - 460 BC

Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC - 80s BC - 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC Years: 89 BC 88 BC 87 BC 86 BC 85 BC - 84 BC - 83 BC 82 BC 81 BC 80 BC 79 BC 84 BC - Events. End of the First Mithridatic War. 84 BC - Births. Catullus, Roman poet (approximate date) Surena, Parthian General 84 BC - Deaths. Lucius Cornelius Cinn ...

Including:

• 84 BC - Events
• 84 BC - Births
• 84 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 84 BC: Encyclopedia - 84 BC

Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC - 260s BC - 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC Years: 268 BC 267 BC 266 BC 265 BC 264 BC - 263 BC - 262 BC 261 BC 260 BC 259 BC 258 BC 263 BC - Events. First Punic War: The Roman consul Manius Valerius Messalla secures the alliance of Hiero II of Syracuse. Eumenes I succeeds his uncle Philetaerus as king of Pergamon. Including:

• 263 BC - Events
• 263 BC - Births
• 263 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 263 BC: Encyclopedia - 263 BC

Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC - 210s BC - 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC Years: 221 BC 220 BC 219 BC 218 BC 217 BC - 216 BC - 215 BC 214 BC 213 BC 212 BC 211 BC 216 BC - Events. Second Punic War: August 2 - Hannibal crushes the Romans in the Battle of Cannae, one of the greatest tactical masterpiece in military history. As a result, a number of Italian cities allied to R ...

Including:

• 216 BC - Events
• 216 BC - Births
• 216 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 216 BC: Encyclopedia - 216 BC

Marcus Tullius Cicero (standard English pronunciation [ˈsɪsərəʊ]; Classical Latin pronunciation [ˈkikero]) (January 3, 106 BC – December 7, 43 BC) was an orator and statesman of Ancient Rome, and is generally considered the greatest Latin orator and prose stylist. Cicero - Biography. Cicero was born in Arpinum and killed at Formia while fleeing from political enemies. "It is no exaggeration", ...

Including:

• Cicero - Biography
• Cicero - Early life
• Cicero - Consul
• Cicero - Exile and return
• Cicero - Opposition to Mark Antony and death
• Cicero - Works
• Cicero - Speeches
• Cicero - Philosophy
• Cicero - Letters
• Cicero - Sources
• Cicero - Notes

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Mestrius Plutarchus (ca. 46- 127) was a Greek historian, biographer, and essayist. Born in the small town of Chaeronea, in the Greek region known as Boeotia, probably during the reign of the Roman Emperor Claudius, Plutarch travelled widely in the Mediterranean world, including twice to Rome. Due to his parents' wealth, after 67, Plutarchus was able to study philosophy, rhetoric, and mathematics at the Academy of Athens. He had a number of influential friends, including Soscius Senecio and Fundanus, both important Senato ...

Including:

• Plutarch - Work as magistrate and ambassador
• Plutarch - Parallel Lives
• Plutarch - Life of Alexander
• Plutarch - Other works
• Plutarch - The Moralia
• Plutarch - Quaestiones
• Plutarch - Plutarch's influence
• Plutarch - Quotations

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