Shivajiraje was born in 1630, in the Shivneri Fort, 60 km north of Pune. His father, Shahaji raje, was a jagirdar of the sultan of Bijapur in present-day Karnataka. His mother was Jijabai, the daughter of Lakhuji Jadhav from Sindkhedraja in present-day Buldhana district of Maharashtra, one of the most influential amongst the Yadav (respected kshatreeya) rulers. When the Mughals and Adilshah completed their conquest of the Nizamshahi kingdom of Ahmednagar in 1636, Shahaji was forced to leave the region around Pune. He was inducted by A ...

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Shivaji, Shivaji - The political scene before Shivaji, Shivaji - Early life, Shivaji - Confrontation with the local Sultanates, Shivaji - Afzal Khan, Shivaji - Siddi Jauhar, Shivaji - Clash with the Moghuls, Shivaji - Shahista Khan, Shivaji - Surat, Shivaji - Coronation, Shivaji - Shivaji's rule, Shivaji - Shivaji's forts, Shivaji - The Epilogue, Shivaji - Remembering Shivaji, Shivaji - Associates of Shivaji

Read more here: » Shivaji: Encyclopedia II - Shivaji - Early life

The Mughals had defeated Shahaji and annexed territories which Shivaji now wanted to recover. He frequently raided the Mughal territory to the north of his small kingdom, carrying out guerilla attacks against an empire at the height of its power. Shivaji - Shahista Khan. Shahista Khan, Aurangzeb's maternal uncle, seized Pune and the fort of Chakan. His vast army was more than a match for Shivaji's troops and he was an experienced commander, who had defeated Shahaji in this region in 1636. But though he held Pune for almost a year, he had little further success and his t ...

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Shivaji, Shivaji - The political scene before Shivaji, Shivaji - Early life, Shivaji - Confrontation with the local Sultanates, Shivaji - Afzal Khan, Shivaji - Siddi Jauhar, Shivaji - Clash with the Moghuls, Shivaji - Shahista Khan, Shivaji - Surat, Shivaji - Coronation, Shivaji - Shivaji's rule, Shivaji - Shivaji's forts, Shivaji - The Epilogue, Shivaji - Remembering Shivaji, Shivaji - Associates of Shivaji

Read more here: » Shivaji: Encyclopedia II - Shivaji - Clash with the Moghuls

A thread ceremony (Upanayanam) took place on May 29, 1674, and then a Vratya Stoma ceremony was performed. Shivaji was formally crowned Chatrapati ("Holder of the Umbrella", representing the protection he bestowed on his people) on June 6, 1674 at the Raigad fort, and given the title, Kshatriya Kulavantas Simhasanadheeshwar Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Pandit Gaga Bhatt, renowned as Vedonarayana (Greatest exponent of Vedic discourse) Brahmin from Varanasi, officially presided over the ceremony and traced Sh ...

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Shivaji, Shivaji - The political scene before Shivaji, Shivaji - Early life, Shivaji - Confrontation with the local Sultanates, Shivaji - Afzal Khan, Shivaji - Siddi Jauhar, Shivaji - Clash with the Moghuls, Shivaji - Shahista Khan, Shivaji - Surat, Shivaji - Coronation, Shivaji - Shivaji's rule, Shivaji - Shivaji's forts, Shivaji - The Epilogue, Shivaji - Remembering Shivaji, Shivaji - Associates of Shivaji

Read more here: » Shivaji: Encyclopedia II - Shivaji - Coronation

After his coronation, Shivaji launched a wave of conquests in southern India with a massive force of 50,000 (30,000 cavalry & 20,000 infantry). He defeated and captured the forts at Vellore and Jinji in modern day Tamilnadu. He also signed a friendship treaty with the Kutubshah of Golconda. Shivaji died in 1680 at Raigad, after running a fever for three weeks. Shivaji successfully fought the Mughals to create a powerful independent state. During his early career he was only able to defeat small Mughal contingents stationed in villages. Later on he defeated major Mughal armies ...

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Shivaji, Shivaji - The political scene before Shivaji, Shivaji - Early life, Shivaji - Confrontation with the local Sultanates, Shivaji - Afzal Khan, Shivaji - Siddi Jauhar, Shivaji - Clash with the Moghuls, Shivaji - Shahista Khan, Shivaji - Surat, Shivaji - Coronation, Shivaji - Shivaji's rule, Shivaji - Shivaji's forts, Shivaji - The Epilogue, Shivaji - Remembering Shivaji, Shivaji - Associates of Shivaji

Read more here: » Shivaji: Encyclopedia II - Shivaji - Shivaji's rule

Because of his struggle against an imperial power, Shivaji became an icon of freedom fighters (along with the Rani of Jhansi) in the Indian independence struggle that followed two centuries later. He is remembered as a just and wise king and his rule is called one of the six golden pages in Indian history. A political party, the Shiv Sena, claims to draw inspiration from him. School texts in Maharashtra glorify his period. And in recent years organisations such as the Sambhaji Brigade have adopted a new religion known as Shiv D ...

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Shivaji, Shivaji - The political scene before Shivaji, Shivaji - Early life, Shivaji - Confrontation with the local Sultanates, Shivaji - Afzal Khan, Shivaji - Siddi Jauhar, Shivaji - Clash with the Moghuls, Shivaji - Shahista Khan, Shivaji - Surat, Shivaji - Coronation, Shivaji - Shivaji's rule, Shivaji - Shivaji's forts, Shivaji - The Epilogue, Shivaji - Remembering Shivaji, Shivaji - Associates of Shivaji

Read more here: » Shivaji: Encyclopedia II - Shivaji - Remembering Shivaji

The origins of the civil war lie in the occupation of Greece by Nazi Germany and Bulgaria from 1941 to 1944. King George II and his government escaped to Egypt, where they proclaimed a government-in-exile, recognised by the Western Allies, but not the Soviet Union. The Western Allies actively encouraged, even coerced, the King to appoint moderate ministers; only two of his ministers were members of the dictatorial government that had governed Greece before the Nazi German invasion. Some in the left-wing resistance claimed the government to b ...

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Greek Civil War, Greek Civil War - Introduction, Greek Civil War - Background: 1941-44, Greek Civil War - Confrontation: 1944, Greek Civil War - Interlude: 1945-1946, Greek Civil War - Civil War: 1946-1949, Greek Civil War - The end of the war: 1949

Read more here: » Greek Civil War: Encyclopedia II - Greek Civil War - Background: 1941-44

The fatal blow to the KKE and the DSE, however, was political, not military. In June of that year, the Soviet Union and its satellites broke off relations with Prime Minister Tito of Yugoslavia, who had been the KKE's strongest supporter since 1944. The KKE thus had to choose between their loyalty to Stalin and their relations with their closest and most important ally. Inevitably, after some internal conflict the great majority of them, led by Zachariadis, chose Stalin. In January 1949 Vafiadis was accused of "Titoism" and removed from his poli ...

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Greek Civil War, Greek Civil War - Introduction, Greek Civil War - Background: 1941-44, Greek Civil War - Confrontation: 1944, Greek Civil War - Interlude: 1945-1946, Greek Civil War - Civil War: 1946-1949, Greek Civil War - The end of the war: 1949

Read more here: » Greek Civil War: Encyclopedia II - Greek Civil War - The end of the war: 1949

Jim Ross - Early career. Ross started as a referee for Leroy McGuirk's Tri-State Wrestling in the early to mid 70's. When McGuirk's booker Bill Watts split the territory and started Mid-South Wrestling in 1979, McGuirk made Jim Ross his lead announcer on the show. He stayed there until 1982, when Watts bought out McGuirk. Shortly after, Ross went to work for Watts in Mid-South. In 1986, Ross became the company's lead play-by-play man. It would be re-named Universal Wrestling Federation in the spring ...

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Jim Ross, Jim Ross - Career, Jim Ross - Early career, Jim Ross - World Wrestling Entertainment, Jim Ross - Oklahoma, Jim Ross - Matches, Jim Ross - Other storyline confrontations, Jim Ross - Job titles, Jim Ross - Championships and accomplishments, Jim Ross - Wrestling Observer Newsletter, Jim Ross - Trivia

Read more here: » Jim Ross: Encyclopedia II - Jim Ross - Career

Ross has participated in six wrestling matches during his time in WWE, and has a current win/loss/draw record of 4/2/0: On December 23, 2002 during WWE RAW Jerry Lawler and Jim Ross defeated William Regal and Lance Storm with help from the Dudley Boyz and some brass knuckles. On February 17, 2003 during WWE RAW Eric Bischoff defeated Jim Ross after Chief Morley interfered, and Bischoff smashed a cinder block on J.R.'s face. On September 21, 2003 during WWE Unforgiven The Coach and Al Snow defeated ...

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Jim Ross, Jim Ross - Career, Jim Ross - Early career, Jim Ross - World Wrestling Entertainment, Jim Ross - Oklahoma, Jim Ross - Matches, Jim Ross - Other storyline confrontations, Jim Ross - Job titles, Jim Ross - Championships and accomplishments, Jim Ross - Wrestling Observer Newsletter, Jim Ross - Trivia

Read more here: » Jim Ross: Encyclopedia II - Jim Ross - Matches

The unity of the Three Kingdoms under one monarch was quite a recent development. Since 1541, monarchs of England had also ruled the Kingdom of Ireland through a separate Irish Parliament, while Wales was made part of the Kingdom of England. With the Reformation, King Henry VIII made himself head of the Protestant Church of England and Roman Catholicism was outlawed in England and Wales, but remained the religion of most people in Ireland. In the separate Kingdom of Scotland the Protestant Reformation was a popular movement led by Joh ...

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Wars of the Three Kingdoms, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Background, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Religious Confrontation in Scotland, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - England, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Ireland, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - War Breaks Out, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Main events, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Aftermath

Read more here: » Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Encyclopedia II - Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Background

See Also English Civil War Irish Confederate Wars Scottish Civil War Modern historians have emphasised how the Civil Wars were not inevitable, but that all sides resorted to violence in a situation marked by mutual distrust and paranoia. Charles' initial failure to bring the Bishops Wars to a quick end also made other discontented groups feel that force could be used successfully to get what they wanted. Alienated by British Protestant domination and frightened by the rhetoric of the Englis ...

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Wars of the Three Kingdoms, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Background, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Religious Confrontation in Scotland, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - England, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Ireland, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - War Breaks Out, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Main events, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Aftermath

Read more here: » Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Encyclopedia II - Wars of the Three Kingdoms - War Breaks Out

While the Wars of the Three Kingdoms pre-figured many of the changes that would shape modern Britain, in the short term it resolved little. The English Commonwealth was neither a monarchy nor a real republic. In practise Oliver Cromwell exercised power rather informally, and without a written constitution. There was religious freedom under this regime, but not for Roman Catholics. The Church of England was abolished, as was the House of Lords, but power was never given to the House of Commons and there were no fresh elections. Nor did Cromwe ...

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Wars of the Three Kingdoms, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Background, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Religious Confrontation in Scotland, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - England, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Ireland, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - War Breaks Out, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Main events, Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Aftermath

Read more here: » Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Encyclopedia II - Wars of the Three Kingdoms - Aftermath

The roots of the split went back to the 1930s, when the Chinese Communists led by Mao Zedong were simultaneously conducting a war of resistance against the Japanese and a civil war against Chiang Kai-Shek's Nationalist Party. Mao largely ignored advice and instructions from Stalin and the Comintern on how to conduct the revolution in China. Traditional Leninist theory, by this time raised to the level of unquestioned dogma, was based on the revolutionary struggle of the urban working class, a class which barely existed in China. Mao therefore ignored ...

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Sino-Soviet split, Sino-Soviet split - Background, Sino-Soviet split - The onset of the split, Sino-Soviet split - From split to confrontation, Sino-Soviet split - Return to normality, Sino-Soviet split - Conclusion, Sino-Soviet split - Reference

Read more here: » Sino-Soviet split: Encyclopedia II - Sino-Soviet split - Background

Mortuary Dream Symbols:

(Source: Myths - Dreams - Symbols)

Related pages: Dream Symbols, Dream Interpretation, Dream Symbol Mortuary, Dream Dictionary Mortuary, Meaning of dreams about Mortuary, Dream Interpretation Mortuary, Dream Analysis Mortuary, Dreaming of Mortuary

Mortuary, Confronting, Mortality

Chest Dream Symbols:

(Source: Myths - Dreams - Symbols)

Related pages: Dream Symbols, Dream Interpretation, Dream Symbol Chest, Dream Dictionary Chest, Meaning of dreams about Chest, Dream Interpretation Chest, Dream Analysis Chest, Dreaming of Chest

Chest, Confidence, Confrontation, Body, Body parts