Confrontation

Buffalo Soldier - Music. The song "Buffalo Soldier", co-written by Bob Marley and King Sporty and one of their best known songs, first appeared in the 1983 album Confrontation. Many Jamaicans, especially Rastafarians like Marley, identified with the "Buffalo Soldiers" as an example of prominent black men who performed with courage, honor and distinction in a field long dominated by whites, and ...

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Buffalo Soldier, Buffalo Soldier - Origins of the name, Buffalo Soldier - Their service, Buffalo Soldier - Systemic prejudice, Buffalo Soldier - Korean War and integration, Buffalo Soldier - Cultural references, Buffalo Soldier - Music, Buffalo Soldier - Films

Read more here: » Buffalo Soldier: Encyclopedia II - Buffalo Soldier - Cultural references

The "Buffalo Soldiers" were often confronted with racial prejudice from both other members of the US Army and civilians in the areas in which they were stationed and occasionally responded with violence. Elements of the "Buffalo Soldiers" were involved in racial disturbances in Rio Grande City, Texas in 1899[3],Brownsville, Texas in 1906 [4], and at Houston, Texas in 1917[5]; [6]](connects to 4 other Police killed in 1917 riot). The "Buffalo Soldiers" did not participate as organized units during World War I but experienced non-commissioned officers were provided to other segregated black units for ...

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Buffalo Soldier, Buffalo Soldier - Origins of the name, Buffalo Soldier - Their service, Buffalo Soldier - Systemic prejudice, Buffalo Soldier - Korean War and integration, Buffalo Soldier - Cultural references, Buffalo Soldier - Music, Buffalo Soldier - Films

Read more here: » Buffalo Soldier: Encyclopedia II - Buffalo Soldier - Systemic prejudice

The Banana Splits' bubblegum pop rock and roll was provided by studio professionals, including Al Kooper ("You're the Lovin' End"), Barry White ("Doin' the Banana Split") and Gene Pitney ("Two Ton Tessie"). The music director was prolific songwriter and producer Mark Barkan who also wrote the main theme. David Mook produced some of the tracks. At least three singles, "The Tra La La Song", "Wait Till Tomorrow" and "Long Live Love" were released by the Splits along with an album, We're the Banana Splits. Two 45 RPM EP records with four songs each were available via an offer ...

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Banana Splits, Banana Splits - U.S. Format, Banana Splits - Animated segments, Banana Splits - Live action segment, Banana Splits - U.K. Format, Banana Splits - Music, Banana Splits - Trivia, Banana Splits - Cast

Read more here: » Banana Splits: Encyclopedia II - Banana Splits - Music

The 24th Infantry Regiment saw combat during the Korean War and was the last segregated regiment to engage in combat. The 24th was deactivated in 1951 and its soldiers were integrated into other units in Korea. There is a monument to the Buffalo soldiers in the state of Kansas at Fort Leavenworth. Then-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Colin Powell was guest speaker for the unveiling in July 1992. ...

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Buffalo Soldier, Buffalo Soldier - Origins of the name, Buffalo Soldier - Their service, Buffalo Soldier - Systemic prejudice, Buffalo Soldier - Korean War and integration, Buffalo Soldier - Cultural references, Buffalo Soldier - Music, Buffalo Soldier - Films

Read more here: » Buffalo Soldier: Encyclopedia II - Buffalo Soldier - Korean War and integration

Bob Marley's music and legend have gone from strength to strength in the years since his early death and continue to produce a huge stream of revenue for his estate, while also bringing him a nearly mythic status in music history. He remains enormously popular and well known all over the world, and particularly so in Africa. In 1993, Marley was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Time magazine chose Marley and the Wailers' album "Exodus" as the greatest album of the 20th century. See also:

Bob Marley, Bob Marley - Music, Bob Marley - Early career, Bob Marley - Shot in election violence, Bob Marley - Later career, Bob Marley - Battle with cancer, Bob Marley - Diagnosis, Bob Marley - Collapse and treatment, Bob Marley - Death, Bob Marley - Legacy, Bob Marley - Posthumous reputation, Bob Marley - Controversy over burial place, Bob Marley - Awards and honors, Bob Marley - Discography, Bob Marley - Studio One recordings, Bob Marley - Beverly's recordings, Bob Marley - Upsetter recordings marketed by Trojan Records, Bob Marley - Island/Tuff Gong, Bob Marley - Heartbeat Records – Compilations of material recorded at Studio One 1963–1966, Bob Marley - JAD/Universal Records – Compilations of material recorded 1966–1971, Bob Marley - Official albums containing remixes, Bob Marley - Sound samples

Read more here: » Bob Marley: Encyclopedia II - Bob Marley - Posthumous reputation

The Indonesian Civil War came after two decades of independence and rule by the leader of the Indonesian Nationalists, President Sukarno. As president of the newly independent republic, Sukarno stressed socialist policies domestically and an avidly anti-imperialist international policy, underpinned by an authoritarian style of rule dependent upon his charismatic personality. These policies led him to create alliances with the Soviet bloc, People's Republic of China, and to pioneer the creation of the Non-Aligned Movement of post-colonial states at the Bandung Conference. It also created a domes ...

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Indonesian Civil War, Indonesian Civil War - Prelude to civil war, Indonesian Civil War - Military split, Indonesian Civil War - Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation, Indonesian Civil War - G30S and retaliation, Indonesian Civil War - Accusations and counter-accusations, Indonesian Civil War - Internal military power-struggle, Indonesian Civil War - Retaliatory campaign, Indonesian Civil War - Toppling of Sukarno, Indonesian Civil War - Consequences, Indonesian Civil War - Political imprisonment, Indonesian Civil War - Anti-Chinese laws, Indonesian Civil War - Military rule, Indonesian Civil War - Rise of Islamism, Indonesian Civil War - Improved ties with the West, Indonesian Civil War - Revelations and mysteries, Indonesian Civil War - Was PKI actually involved in the G30S?, Indonesian Civil War - The Anderson theory, Indonesian Civil War - British psyops, Indonesian Civil War - American assistance to Suharto

Read more here: » Indonesian Civil War: Encyclopedia II - Indonesian Civil War - Prelude to civil war

Since his resignation, Suharto has retired to a family compound in Central Jakarta, making few public appearances. Efforts to prosecute Suharto have mostly centered around alleged mismanagement of funds, and their force has been blunted due to health concerns. In May 1999, Time Asia reported that the Suharto family fortune is worth an estimated US$15 billion in cash, shares, corporate assets, real estate, jewelery and fine art. US$9 billion of this is reported to have been deposited in an Austrian bank. The family is said to co ...

See also:

Suharto, Suharto - Background & career, Suharto - A troubled and mysterious childhood, Suharto - Pre-Independence military career, Suharto - Service in the Indonesian National Revolution, Suharto - Expulsion of the Japanese, Suharto - Return of the Dutch, Suharto - Guerrilla warfare and victory, Suharto - Post-Independence military career, Suharto - Indonesian Civil War, Suharto - Crisis and opportunity, Suharto - Power struggle, Suharto - Consequences, Suharto - Suharto's New Order Government, Suharto - Institutionalisation of the New Order, Suharto - Unitary state and regional unrest, Suharto - Politics and dissent, Suharto - Reformation protests and Suharto's resignation, Suharto - After the fall, Suharto - Related legal cases, Suharto - Notes, Suharto - Bibliography

Read more here: » Suharto: Encyclopedia II - Suharto - After the fall

Since his resignation, Suharto has retired to a family compound in Central Jakarta, making few public appearances. Efforts to prosecute Suharto have mostly centered around alleged mismanagement of funds, and their force has been blunted due to health concerns. In May 1999, Time Asia reported that the Suharto family fortune is worth an estimated US$15 billion in cash, shares, corporate assets, real estate, jewelery and fine art. US$9 billion of this is reported to have been deposited in an Austrian bank. The family is said to co ...

See also:

Suharto, Suharto - Early life & career, Suharto - Indonesian Civil War, Suharto - Consequences, Suharto - The New Order, Suharto - Institutionalisation of the New Order, Suharto - Unitary state and regional unrest, Suharto - Politics and dissent, Suharto - Reformation protests and the fall of Suharto, Suharto - After the fall, Suharto - Related legal cases, Suharto - Notes

Read more here: » Suharto: Encyclopedia II - Suharto - After the fall

For more details on this topic, see New Order (Indonesia) After being promoted, Suharto was assigned emergency powers on March 11, 1966 through a presidential decree by Sukarno. He would then go on to become president in 1967. Due to Suharto-era censorship and propaganda under his New Order government, the true numbers and ennumeration of casualties from the Civil War are heavily disputed. The estimates of the death toll of the conflict range from over 100,000 to 1.5 million. Other effects of the Indonesian Civil War, however, can be understood in the li ...

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Indonesian Civil War, Indonesian Civil War - Prelude to civil war, Indonesian Civil War - Military split, Indonesian Civil War - Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation, Indonesian Civil War - G30S and retaliation, Indonesian Civil War - Accusations and counter-accusations, Indonesian Civil War - Internal military power-struggle, Indonesian Civil War - Retaliatory campaign, Indonesian Civil War - Toppling of Sukarno, Indonesian Civil War - Consequences, Indonesian Civil War - Political imprisonment, Indonesian Civil War - Anti-Chinese laws, Indonesian Civil War - Military rule, Indonesian Civil War - Rise of Islamism, Indonesian Civil War - Improved ties with the West, Indonesian Civil War - Revelations and mysteries, Indonesian Civil War - Was PKI actually involved in the G30S?, Indonesian Civil War - The Anderson theory, Indonesian Civil War - British psyops, Indonesian Civil War - American assistance to Suharto

Read more here: » Indonesian Civil War: Encyclopedia II - Indonesian Civil War - Consequences

Scale is generally expressed as the approximate height of the figure from base of foot to eyeline (though some count to top of head - hence the possible confusion) in millimeters, as opposed to the ratio values used in scale modeling. Popular sizes include: 54mm, 45mm, 28mm, 25mm, 20mm, 15mm, 10mm and 6mm. These roughly equate to ratios of: 1:32, 1:35, ...

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Miniature wargaming, Miniature wargaming - Scale, Miniature wargaming - Notable Miniature Wargaming Organizations, Miniature wargaming - Notable Miniature Wargamers, Miniature wargaming - Role-playing games, Miniature wargaming - Rulesets

Read more here: » Miniature wargaming: Encyclopedia II - Miniature wargaming - Scale

For more details on this topic, please see Indonesian 1998 Revolution In 1996 Suharto was challenged by a split over the leadership of the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI), a legal party that propped up the regime. Megawati Sukarnoputri, the daughter of Sukarno, had become PDI's chairwoman and was increasingly critical of Suharto's regime. In response, Suharto backed a co-opted faction led by Deputy Speaker of Parliament Suryadi. The Suryadi faction announ ...

See also:

Suharto, Suharto - Background & career, Suharto - A troubled and mysterious childhood, Suharto - Pre-Independence military career, Suharto - Service in the Indonesian National Revolution, Suharto - Expulsion of the Japanese, Suharto - Return of the Dutch, Suharto - Guerrilla warfare and victory, Suharto - Post-Independence military career, Suharto - Indonesian Civil War, Suharto - Crisis and opportunity, Suharto - Power struggle, Suharto - Consequences, Suharto - Suharto's New Order Government, Suharto - Institutionalisation of the New Order, Suharto - Unitary state and regional unrest, Suharto - Politics and dissent, Suharto - Reformation protests and Suharto's resignation, Suharto - After the fall, Suharto - Related legal cases, Suharto - Notes, Suharto - Bibliography

Read more here: » Suharto: Encyclopedia II - Suharto - Reformation protests and Suharto's resignation

Main article: Role-playing game During the 1960s and 1970s, two new trends in wargaming emerged: First were small-unit rules sets which allowed individual players to portray small units down to even a single figure. These rules expanded the abilities of the smaller units accordingly, to magnify their effect on the overall battle. Second was an interest in fantasy miniatures wargaming. J.R.R. Tolkien's novel The Hobbit and his epic cycle The Lord of the Rings were gaining strong interest in the United States ...

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Miniature wargaming, Miniature wargaming - Scale, Miniature wargaming - Notable Miniature Wargaming Organizations, Miniature wargaming - Notable Miniature Wargamers, Miniature wargaming - Role-playing games, Miniature wargaming - Rulesets

Read more here: » Miniature wargaming: Encyclopedia II - Miniature wargaming - Role-playing games

Bob Marley - Studio One recordings. The Wailing Wailers (1966) Bob Marley - Beverly's recordings. The Best of the Wailers (1970) Bob Marley - Upsetter recordings marketed by Trojan Records. Soul Rebels (1970) Soul Revolution (1971) Soul Revolution Part II (1971) African Herbsman (1973) ...

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Bob Marley, Bob Marley - Music, Bob Marley - Early career, Bob Marley - Shot in election violence, Bob Marley - Later career, Bob Marley - Battle with cancer, Bob Marley - Diagnosis, Bob Marley - Collapse and treatment, Bob Marley - Death, Bob Marley - Legacy, Bob Marley - Posthumous reputation, Bob Marley - Controversy over burial place, Bob Marley - Awards and honors, Bob Marley - Discography, Bob Marley - Studio One recordings, Bob Marley - Beverly's recordings, Bob Marley - Upsetter recordings marketed by Trojan Records, Bob Marley - Island/Tuff Gong, Bob Marley - Heartbeat Records – Compilations of material recorded at Studio One 1963–1966, Bob Marley - JAD/Universal Records – Compilations of material recorded 1966–1971, Bob Marley - Official albums containing remixes, Bob Marley - Sound samples

Read more here: » Bob Marley: Encyclopedia II - Bob Marley - Discography

Suharto was born in the era of Dutch colonial control of Indonesia, in the hamlet of Kemusuk, a part of the larger village of Godean, 15 kilometres west of Yogyakarta, in central Java. Escaping what was by many accounts a troubled childhood, he enrolled as a military officer in the Dutch military academy during at a time when the East Indies became a centre of several armed conflicts, including World War II and the Indonesian National Revolution. Like many natives in the military, Suharto was forced to change allegiances several times, but his training enabled him to become an asset to the side he finally ...

See also:

Suharto, Suharto - Background & career, Suharto - A troubled and mysterious childhood, Suharto - Pre-Independence military career, Suharto - Service in the Indonesian National Revolution, Suharto - Expulsion of the Japanese, Suharto - Return of the Dutch, Suharto - Guerrilla warfare and victory, Suharto - Post-Independence military career, Suharto - Indonesian Civil War, Suharto - Crisis and opportunity, Suharto - Power struggle, Suharto - Consequences, Suharto - Suharto's New Order Government, Suharto - Institutionalisation of the New Order, Suharto - Unitary state and regional unrest, Suharto - Politics and dissent, Suharto - Reformation protests and Suharto's resignation, Suharto - After the fall, Suharto - Related legal cases, Suharto - Notes, Suharto - Bibliography

Read more here: » Suharto: Encyclopedia II - Suharto - Background & career

The arrival of VJ Day, bringing Japanese surrender to the Allies in World War II, brought forth the opportunity for the leaders of the Indonesian Nationalist cause Sukarno and Hatta to hastily declare the complete independence of Indonesia and the beginning of the Indonesian National Revolution. International recognition of Indonesia's sovereignty, however, would only come after armed action - a task at which Suharto would prove himself ...

See also:

Suharto, Suharto - Background & career, Suharto - A troubled and mysterious childhood, Suharto - Pre-Independence military career, Suharto - Service in the Indonesian National Revolution, Suharto - Expulsion of the Japanese, Suharto - Return of the Dutch, Suharto - Guerrilla warfare and victory, Suharto - Post-Independence military career, Suharto - Indonesian Civil War, Suharto - Crisis and opportunity, Suharto - Power struggle, Suharto - Consequences, Suharto - Suharto's New Order Government, Suharto - Institutionalisation of the New Order, Suharto - Unitary state and regional unrest, Suharto - Politics and dissent, Suharto - Reformation protests and Suharto's resignation, Suharto - After the fall, Suharto - Related legal cases, Suharto - Notes, Suharto - Bibliography

Read more here: » Suharto: Encyclopedia II - Suharto - Service in the Indonesian National Revolution

On the morning of October 1, 1965, a group of Sukarno's closest guards kidnapped and murdered six of the right-wing anti-Communist generals. Sukarno's guards claimed that they were trying to stop a CIA-backed military coup which was planned to remove Sukarno from power on "Army Day", October 5. Suharto, at the time a Major General, joined surviving right-wing General Abdul Haris Nasution in pointing the blame for the assassinations toward Sukarno-loyalists and the Communist Party of Indonesia - a conspiracy they collectively dubbed the "30 S ...

See also:

Suharto, Suharto - Background & career, Suharto - A troubled and mysterious childhood, Suharto - Pre-Independence military career, Suharto - Service in the Indonesian National Revolution, Suharto - Expulsion of the Japanese, Suharto - Return of the Dutch, Suharto - Guerrilla warfare and victory, Suharto - Post-Independence military career, Suharto - Indonesian Civil War, Suharto - Crisis and opportunity, Suharto - Power struggle, Suharto - Consequences, Suharto - Suharto's New Order Government, Suharto - Institutionalisation of the New Order, Suharto - Unitary state and regional unrest, Suharto - Politics and dissent, Suharto - Reformation protests and Suharto's resignation, Suharto - After the fall, Suharto - Related legal cases, Suharto - Notes, Suharto - Bibliography

Read more here: » Suharto: Encyclopedia II - Suharto - Indonesian Civil War

Bob Marley - Diagnosis. In July 1977, Marley was found to have a wound on his right big toe, which he thought was from a football injury. The wound would not completely heal, and his toenail later fell off during a football game. It was then that the correct diagnosis was made. Marley actually had a form of skin cancer, malignant melanoma, which grew under his toenail. Marley was advised to get his toe amputated, but he refused because of his Rastafarian beliefs that the body must be whole, that to have an ...

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Bob Marley, Bob Marley - Music, Bob Marley - Early career, Bob Marley - Shot in election violence, Bob Marley - Later career, Bob Marley - Battle with cancer, Bob Marley - Diagnosis, Bob Marley - Collapse and treatment, Bob Marley - Death, Bob Marley - Legacy, Bob Marley - Posthumous reputation, Bob Marley - Controversy over burial place, Bob Marley - Awards and honors, Bob Marley - Discography, Bob Marley - Studio One recordings, Bob Marley - Beverly's recordings, Bob Marley - Upsetter recordings marketed by Trojan Records, Bob Marley - Island/Tuff Gong, Bob Marley - Heartbeat Records – Compilations of material recorded at Studio One 1963–1966, Bob Marley - JAD/Universal Records – Compilations of material recorded 1966–1971, Bob Marley - Official albums containing remixes, Bob Marley - Sound samples

Read more here: » Bob Marley: Encyclopedia II - Bob Marley - Battle with cancer

The leader of the Labour Front, David Marshall, became the first Chief Minister of Singapore. He presided over a shaky government, receiving little cooperation from either the colonial government or the other local parties. In May 1955, however, the Hock Lee Bus Riots broke out, killing four people, and consequently would later seriously discredit Marshall's government. In April 1956, he led a delegation to London to negotiate for complete self-rule, but the talks fell through due to British concerns about labour unrest and communist influen ...

See also:

History of Singapore, History of Singapore - Ancient times, History of Singapore - Founding of modern Singapore 1819, History of Singapore - Early growth 1819 – 1826, History of Singapore - The Straits Settlements 1826 – 1867, History of Singapore - Singapore as a Crown colony 1867 – 1941, History of Singapore - The Battle of Singapore and the Japanese Occupation 1942 – 1945, History of Singapore - Post-war period 1945 – 1955, History of Singapore - Self-government 1955 – 1963, History of Singapore - Merger with Malaysia 1963 – 1965, History of Singapore - Republic of Singapore 1965 – present, History of Singapore - Problems after independence, History of Singapore - Resolution, History of Singapore - Success and criticism

Read more here: » History of Singapore: Encyclopedia II - History of Singapore - Self-government 1955 – 1963

In 1824 British hegemony in Malaya was formalised by the Anglo-Dutch Treaty, the decisive event in the formation of modern Malaysia. The Dutch evacuated Melaka and renounced all interest in Malaya, while the British recognised Dutch rule over the rest of the East Indies. This imposed an arbitrary frontier on the Malay world, one which has never been overcome. Penang, Melaka and Singapore were united as the Straits Settlements, ruled by a British Governor in Singapore. During the 19th century, the British concluded treaties with the Malay sta ...

See also:

History of Malaysia, History of Malaysia - Overview, History of Malaysia - Malaya under Indian influence, History of Malaysia - Melaka and Islamic Malaya, History of Malaysia - European domination, History of Malaysia - British Malaya, History of Malaysia - Multi-racial Malaya, History of Malaysia - War and Emergency, History of Malaysia - Towards Malaysia, History of Malaysia - Problems of independence, History of Malaysia - The crisis of 1969, History of Malaysia - Modern Malaysia

Read more here: » History of Malaysia: Encyclopedia II - History of Malaysia - British Malaya

The closing of the overland route from Asia to Europe by the Ottoman Empire and the claim towards trade monopoly with India and south-east Asia by Arab traders led the European powers to look for a maritime route. In 1498 Vasco da Gama, sent by King John II of Portugal, found the way around the Cape of Good Hope to India, and in 1511 Afonso de Albuquerque led an expedition to Malaya which seized Melaka after a month-long siege and made it the capital of Portugal’s eastern empire. This was a bitter lesson to the Malay world about the greed and ruthlessness of the ...

See also:

History of Malaysia, History of Malaysia - Overview, History of Malaysia - Malaya under Indian influence, History of Malaysia - Melaka and Islamic Malaya, History of Malaysia - European domination, History of Malaysia - British Malaya, History of Malaysia - Multi-racial Malaya, History of Malaysia - War and Emergency, History of Malaysia - Towards Malaysia, History of Malaysia - Problems of independence, History of Malaysia - The crisis of 1969, History of Malaysia - Modern Malaysia

Read more here: » History of Malaysia: Encyclopedia II - History of Malaysia - European domination

Unlike some colonial powers, the British always saw their empire as primarily an economic concern, and its colonies were expected to turn a profit for British shareholders. Malaya’s obvious attractions were its tin and gold mines, but British planters soon began to experiment with tropical plantation crops – tapioca, gambier, pepper and coffee. But in 1877 the rubber plant was introduced from Brazil, and rubber soon became Malaya’s staple export, stimulated by booming demand from European industry. Rubber was later joined by palm oil a ...

See also:

History of Malaysia, History of Malaysia - Overview, History of Malaysia - Malaya under Indian influence, History of Malaysia - Melaka and Islamic Malaya, History of Malaysia - European domination, History of Malaysia - British Malaya, History of Malaysia - Multi-racial Malaya, History of Malaysia - War and Emergency, History of Malaysia - Towards Malaysia, History of Malaysia - Problems of independence, History of Malaysia - The crisis of 1969, History of Malaysia - Modern Malaysia

Read more here: » History of Malaysia: Encyclopedia II - History of Malaysia - Multi-racial Malaya