Computer vision

List of publications in computer science - The Phase Correlation Image Alignment Method. C.D. Kuglin and D.C. Hines IEEE 1975 Conference on Cybernetics and Society, 1975, New York, pp. 163–165, September Description: A correlation method based upon the inverse Fourier transform Importance: Influence List of publications in computer science - An Iterative Image Registration Technique with an Application to Stereo Vision. See also:

List of publications in computer science, List of publications in computer science - Computability, List of publications in computer science - On computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem, List of publications in computer science - On certain formal properties of grammars, List of publications in computer science - Finite automata and their decision problem, List of publications in computer science - Introduction to Automata Theory Languages and Computation, List of publications in computer science - Computability: An introduction to recursive function theory, List of publications in computer science - Computational complexity theory, List of publications in computer science - On the computational complexity of algorithms, List of publications in computer science - The complexity of theorem proving procedures, List of publications in computer science - Reducibility among combinatorial problems, List of publications in computer science - Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness, List of publications in computer science - Theory and Applications of Trapdoor functions, List of publications in computer science - The Knowledge Complexity of Interactive Proof Systems, List of publications in computer science - How to Construct Random Functions, List of publications in computer science - IP = PSPACE, List of publications in computer science - Computational Complexity, List of publications in computer science - Algorithms, List of publications in computer science - A machine program for theorem proving, List of publications in computer science - A Machine-Oriented Logic Based on the Resolution Principle, List of publications in computer science - Optimization by simulated annealing, List of publications in computer science - The Art of Computer Programming, List of publications in computer science - Introduction to Algorithms, List of publications in computer science - The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms, List of publications in computer science - Algorithms, List of publications in computer science - Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs, List of publications in computer science - Algorithmic information theory, List of publications in computer science - A formal theory of inductive inference, List of publications in computer science - Algorithmic information theory, List of publications in computer science - Information theory, List of publications in computer science - A mathematical theory of communication, List of publications in computer science - Error detecting and error correcting codes, List of publications in computer science - A Method for the Construction of Minimum Redundancy Codes, List of publications in computer science - A Universal Algorithm for Sequential Data Compression, List of publications in computer science - Elements of Information Theory, List of publications in computer science - Operating system, List of publications in computer science - An experimental timesharing system., List of publications in computer science - The UNIX Time-Sharing System, List of publications in computer science - Operating Systems: Design and implementation, List of publications in computer science - Scheduling Techniques for Concurrent Systems, List of publications in computer science - Databases, List of publications in computer science - A relational model for large shared data bank, List of publications in computer science - The Entity Relationship Model – Towards a Unified View of Data, List of publications in computer science - Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases, List of publications in computer science - Cryptography, List of publications in computer science - Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems, List of publications in computer science - New directions in cryptography, List of publications in computer science - A Method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public Key Cryptosystems, List of publications in computer science - How to Share a Secret, List of publications in computer science - How to Prove all NP-Statements in Zero-Knowledge and a Methodology of Cryptographic Protocol Design, List of publications in computer science - How to Play any Mental Game or A Completeness Theorem for Protocols with Honest Majority, List of publications in computer science - Artificial intelligence, List of publications in computer science - Computing machinery and intelligence, List of publications in computer science - A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, List of publications in computer science - Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks of Plausible Inference, List of publications in computer science - Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, List of publications in computer science - Unformatted list of reading considered as seminal works in the field of artificial intelligence, List of publications in computer science - Machine learning, List of publications in computer science - Language identification in the limit, List of publications in computer science - On the uniform convergence of relative frequencies of events to their probabilities, List of publications in computer science - A theory of the learnable, List of publications in computer science - Learnability and the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension, List of publications in computer science - Cryptographic limitations on learning boolean formulae and finite automata, List of publications in computer science - The strength of weak learnability, List of publications in computer science - Learning in the presence of malicious errors, List of publications in computer science - Computer vision, List of publications in computer science - The Phase Correlation Image Alignment Method, List of publications in computer science - An Iterative Image Registration Technique with an Application to Stereo Vision, List of publications in computer science - The Laplacian Pyramid as a compact image code, List of publications in computer science - Snakes: Active contour models, List of publications in computer science - Condensation -- conditional density propagation for visual tracking, List of publications in computer science - Compilers, List of publications in computer science - YACC: Yet another compiler-compiler, List of publications in computer science - Compilers: Principles Techniques and Tools, List of publications in computer science - Formal verification, List of publications in computer science - Assigning meanings to programs, List of publications in computer science - An axiomatic basis for computer programming, List of publications in computer science - The temporal logic of programs, List of publications in computer science - Abstract interpretation: a unified lattice model for static analysis of programs by construction or approximation of fixpoints, List of publications in computer science - Model Checking, List of publications in computer science - History of Computation, List of publications in computer science - The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann, List of publications in computer science - A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century, List of publications in computer science - Software engineering, List of publications in computer science - Software engineering: Report of a conference sponsored by the NATO Science Committee, List of publications in computer science - Go To Statement Considered Harmful, List of publications in computer science - On the criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules, List of publications in computer science - The Mythical Man-Month: Essays on Software Engineering, List of publications in computer science - No Silver Bullet: Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering, List of publications in computer science - The Cathedral and the Bazaar, List of publications in computer science - Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object Oriented Software, List of publications in computer science - Parallel computing, List of publications in computer science - The Structure of THE-Multiprogramming System, List of publications in computer science - How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer That Correctly Executes Multiprocess Programs, List of publications in computer science - LogP: Towards a realistic model of parallel computation, List of publications in computer science - Computer networks, List of publications in computer science - Ethernet: Distributed packet switching for local computer networks, List of publications in computer science - A Dynamic Network Architecture, List of publications in computer science - Computer Networks, List of publications in computer science - Distributed computing, List of publications in computer science - The Byzantine Generals Problem

Read more here: » List of publications in computer science: Encyclopedia II - List of publications in computer science - Computer vision

Computer vision is the study and application of methods which allow computers to "understand" image content or content of multidimensional data in general. The term "understand" means here that specific information is being extracted from the image data for a specific purpose: either for presenting it to a human operator (e. g., if cancerous cells have been detected in a microscopy image), or for controlling some process (e. g., an industry robot or an autonomous vehicle). The image data that is fed into a computer vision system is of ...

Including:

• Computer vision - State of the art
• Computer vision - Examples of applications for computer vision
• Computer vision - Typical tasks of computer vision
• Computer vision - Object Recognition
• Computer vision - Optical Character Recognition
• Computer vision - Tracking
• Computer vision - Scene interpretation
• Computer vision - Egomotion
• Computer vision - Computer Vision Systems
• Computer vision - Image acquisition
• Computer vision - Preprocessing
• Computer vision - Feature extraction
• Computer vision - Registration
• Computer vision - Related Fields
• Computer vision - A University Video Communication on Model-Based Computer Vision
• Computer vision - Applications

Read more here: » Computer vision: Encyclopedia - Computer vision

The field of computer vision can be characterized as immature and diverse. Even though earlier work exists, it was not until the late 1970's that a more focused study of the field started when computers could manage the processing of large data sets such as images. However, these studies usually originated from various other fields, and consequently there is no standard formulation of the "computer vision problem". Also, and to an even larger extent, there is no standard formulation of how computer vision problems should be solved. Instead, ...

See also:

Computer vision, Computer vision - State of the art, Computer vision - Examples of applications for computer vision, Computer vision - Typical tasks of computer vision, Computer vision - Object Recognition, Computer vision - Optical Character Recognition, Computer vision - Tracking, Computer vision - Scene interpretation, Computer vision - Egomotion, Computer vision - Computer Vision Systems, Computer vision - Image acquisition, Computer vision - Preprocessing, Computer vision - Feature extraction, Computer vision - Registration, Computer vision - Related Fields, Computer vision - A University Video Communication on Model-Based Computer Vision, Computer vision - Applications

Read more here: » Computer vision: Encyclopedia II - Computer vision - State of the art

Because of the computational load of dealing with images containing millions of pixels, digital image processing was largely of academic interest until the 1970s, when dedicated hardware became available that could process images in real time, for some dedicated problems such as television standards conversion. As general-purpose computers became faster, they started to take over the role of dedicated hardware for all but th ...

See also:

Digital image processing, Digital image processing - History, Digital image processing - Digital processing of camera images, Digital image processing - Uses, Digital image processing - External link

Read more here: » Digital image processing: Encyclopedia II - Digital image processing - History

In 1950, David Shepard, a cryptanalyst at AFSA, the forerunner of the United States National Security Agency (NSA), was asked by Frank Rowlett, who had broken the Japanese PURPLE diplomatic code, to work with Dr. Louis Tordella to recommend data automation procedures for the Agency. This included the problem of converting printed messages into machine language for computer processing. Shepard decided it must be possible to build a machine to do this, and, with the help of Harvey Cook, a friend, built "Gismo" in his attic during evenings and ...

See also:

Optical character recognition, Optical character recognition - Optical versus digital character recognition, Optical character recognition - Training, Optical character recognition - Brief history of OCR, Optical character recognition - Typewritten OCR, Optical character recognition - Hand print OCR, Optical character recognition - Cursive OCR, Optical character recognition - Music OCR, Optical character recognition - Research areas, Optical character recognition - MICR

Read more here: » Optical character recognition: Encyclopedia II - Optical character recognition - Brief history of OCR

A few decades ago, image processing was done largely in the analog domain, chiefly by optical devices. These optical methods are still essential to applications such as holography because they are inherently parallel; however, due to the significant increase in computer speed, these techniques are increasingly being replaced by digital image processing methods. Digital image processing techniques are generally more versatile, reliable, and accurate; they have the additional benefit of being easier to implement than their analog counte ...

See also:

Image processing, Image processing - Solution Methods, Image processing - Commonly Used Signal Processing Techniques, Image processing - One-Dimensional Techniques, Image processing - Two-Dimensional Techniques, Image processing - Typical Problems, Image processing - Applications, Image processing - Related Concepts

Read more here: » Image processing: Encyclopedia II - Image processing - Solution Methods

Artificial intelligence (AI) is defined as intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity. Such a system is generally assumed to be a computer. Although AI has a strong science fiction connotation, it forms a vital branch of computer science, dealing with intelligent behavior, learning and adaptation in machines. Research in AI is concerned with producing machines to automate tasks requiring intelligent behavior. Examples include control, planning and scheduling, the ability to answer diagnostic and consumer questions, h ...

Including:

• Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought
• Artificial intelligence - History
• Artificial intelligence - Philosophy
• Artificial intelligence - Science fiction
• Artificial intelligence - Links to researchers projects & institutions

Read more here: » Artificial intelligence: Encyclopedia - Artificial intelligence

An artificial neural network (ANN), also called a simulated neural network (SNN) (but the term neural network (NN) is grounded in biology and refers to very real, highly complex plexus), is an interconnected group of artificial neurons that uses a mathematical or computational model for information processing based on a connectionist approach to computation. There is no precise agreed definition among researchers as to what a neural network is, but most would agree that it involves a network of highly complex processing ...

Including:

• Artificial neural network - Background
• Artificial neural network - Models
• Artificial neural network - Learning
• Artificial neural network - Learning paradigms
• Artificial neural network - Learning algorithms
• Artificial neural network - Employing artificial neural networks
• Artificial neural network - Applications
• Artificial neural network - Real life applications
• Artificial neural network - Types of neural networks
• Artificial neural network - Feedforward neural network
• Artificial neural network - Recurrent network
• Artificial neural network - Stochastic neural networks
• Artificial neural network - Modular neural networks
• Artificial neural network - Other types of networks
• Artificial neural network - Theoretical properties
• Artificial neural network - Capacity
• Artificial neural network - Convergence
• Artificial neural network - Generalisation and statistics
• Artificial neural network - Dynamical properties
• Artificial neural network - Related topics
• Artificial neural network - Patents
• Artificial neural network - Bibliography

Read more here: » Artificial neural network: Encyclopedia - Artificial neural network

A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components (e.g. RGB and CMYK are color models). However, a color model with no associated mapping function to an absolute color space is a more or less arbitrary color system with little connection to the requirements of any given application. Adding a certain mapping function between the color model and a certain reference color space results in a definite "footpr ...

Including:

• Color space - Understanding the concept
• Color space - Notes
• Color space - Color space density
• Color space - Partial list of color spaces
• Color space - Generic color models
• Color space - Commercial color spaces
• Color space - Special-purpose color spaces
• Color space - Obsolete color spaces

Read more here: » Color space: Encyclopedia - Color space

Computer graphics (CG) is the field of visual computing, where one utilizes computers both to generate visual images synthetically and to integrate or alter visual and spatial information sampled from the real world. The first major advance in computer graphics was the development of the Sketchpad in 1962 by Ivan Sutherland. This field can be divided into several areas: real-time 3D rendering (often used in video games), computer animation, video capture and video creation rendering, special effects editing (often ...

Including:

• Computer graphics - Computer graphics 2D
• Computer graphics - Computer graphics 3D
• Computer graphics - Shading
• Computer graphics - Texturing
• Computer graphics - Toolkits and APIs

Read more here: » Computer graphics: Encyclopedia - Computer graphics

Visual perception is one of the senses, consisting of the ability to detect light and interpret (see) it as the perception known as sight or naked eye vision. Vision has a specific sensory system, the visual system. There is disagreement as to whether or not this constitutes one, two or even three distinct senses. Some people make a distinction between "black and white" vision and the perception of colour, and others point out that vision using rod cells uses different physical detectors on the retina from ...

Including:

• Visual perception - The visual system
• Visual perception - Sources of information
• Visual perception - Individual and group differences in visual perception
• Visual perception - Theoretical perspectives in the study of visual perception
• Visual perception - Unconscious inference
• Visual perception - Gestalt
• Visual perception - Ecological psychology
• Visual perception - Types of visual perception
• Visual perception - Disorders/Dysfuntions

Read more here: » Visual perception: Encyclopedia - Visual perception

A particularly difficult problem for computers and humans is that of old church baptismal and marriage records containing mostly names. The pages may be damaged by age, water or fire and the names may be obsolete or contain rare spellings. Another reseach area is cooperative approaches, where computers assist humans and vice-versa. Computer image processing techniques can assist humans in reading extremely difficult ...

See also:

Optical character recognition, Optical character recognition - Optical versus digital character recognition, Optical character recognition - Training, Optical character recognition - Brief history of OCR, Optical character recognition - Typewritten OCR, Optical character recognition - Hand print OCR, Optical character recognition - Cursive OCR, Optical character recognition - Music OCR, Optical character recognition - Research areas, Optical character recognition - MICR

Read more here: » Optical character recognition: Encyclopedia II - Optical character recognition - Research areas

and many more. Besides static two-dimensional images, the field also covers the processing of time-varying signals such as video and the output of tomographic equipment. Some techniques, such as morphological image processing, are specific to binary or grayscale images. ...

See also:

Image processing, Image processing - Solution Methods, Image processing - Commonly Used Signal Processing Techniques, Image processing - One-Dimensional Techniques, Image processing - Two-Dimensional Techniques, Image processing - Typical Problems, Image processing - Applications, Image processing - Related Concepts

Read more here: » Image processing: Encyclopedia II - Image processing - Typical Problems

Most of the signal processing concepts that apply to one-dimensional signals also extend to the two-dimensional image signal. Some of these one-dimensional signal processing concepts become significantly more complicated in two-dimensional processing. Image processing brings some new concepts, such as connectivity and rotational invariance, that are meaningful only for two-dimensional signals. The fast fourier transform is often used for image processing oper ...

See also:

Image processing, Image processing - Solution Methods, Image processing - Commonly Used Signal Processing Techniques, Image processing - One-Dimensional Techniques, Image processing - Two-Dimensional Techniques, Image processing - Typical Problems, Image processing - Applications, Image processing - Related Concepts

Read more here: » Image processing: Encyclopedia II - Image processing - Commonly Used Signal Processing Techniques

Digital image processing allows the use of much more complex algorithms for image processing, and hence can offer both more sophisticated performance at simple tasks, and the implementation of methods which would be impossible by analog means. In particular, digital image processing is the only practical technology for: Classification Feature extraction Pattern recognition Proje ...

See also:

Digital image processing, Digital image processing - History, Digital image processing - Digital processing of camera images, Digital image processing - Uses, Digital image processing - External link

Read more here: » Digital image processing: Encyclopedia II - Digital image processing - Uses

Computer science - Mathematical foundations. Cryptography algorithms for protecting private data, including encryption Graph theory Mathematical logic Type Theory formal analysis of the types of data, and the use of these types to understand properties of programs, especially program safety Computer science - Theory of computation. Automata theory Computability theory Computational complexity theory fundamen ...

See also:

Computer science, Computer science - History, Computer science - Theory and practice, Computer science - Relationship with software engineering, Computer science - Fields of computer science, Computer science - Mathematical foundations, Computer science - Theory of computation, Computer science - Design and analysis of algorithms and data structures, Computer science - Programming languages and compilers, Computer science - Software development, Computer science - Databases, Computer science - Concurrency and distributed systems, Computer science - Artificial intelligence, Computer science - Computer graphics, Computer science - Scientific computing, Computer science - Careers, Computer science - Notes

Read more here: » Computer science: Encyclopedia II - Computer science - Fields of computer science

Artificial neural network - Feedforward neural network. The feedforward neural networks are the first and arguably simplest type of artificial neural networks devised. In this network, the information moves in only one direction, forward, from the input nodes, through the hidden nodes (if any) and to the output nodes. There are no cycles or loops in the network. The earliest kind of neural network is a single-layer perceptron network, which consists of a single layer of output nodes; the inp ...

See also:

Artificial neural network, Artificial neural network - Background, Artificial neural network - Models, Artificial neural network - Learning, Artificial neural network - Learning paradigms, Artificial neural network - Learning algorithms, Artificial neural network - Employing artificial neural networks, Artificial neural network - Applications, Artificial neural network - Real life applications, Artificial neural network - Neural network software, Artificial neural network - Types of neural networks, Artificial neural network - Feedforward neural network, Artificial neural network - Recurrent network, Artificial neural network - Stochastic neural networks, Artificial neural network - Modular neural networks, Artificial neural network - Other types of networks, Artificial neural network - Theoretical properties, Artificial neural network - Capacity, Artificial neural network - Convergence, Artificial neural network - Generalisation and statistics, Artificial neural network - Dynamical properties, Artificial neural network - Patents, Artificial neural network - Bibliography

Read more here: » Artificial neural network: Encyclopedia II - Artificial neural network - Types of neural networks

With the birth of the workstation computers (like LISP machines, paintbox computers and Silicon Graphics workstations) came the 3D computer graphics, based on vector graphics. Instead of the computer storing information about points, lines and curves on a 2-Dimensional plane, the computer stores the location of points, lines and typically faces (to construct a polygon) in 3-Dimensional Space. 3-Dimensional polygons are the life blood of virtually all 3D computer graphics. As a result, most 3D graphics engines are based around storing ...

See also:

Computer graphics, Computer graphics - Computer graphics 2D, Computer graphics - Computer graphics 3D, Computer graphics - Shading, Computer graphics - Texturing, Computer graphics - Toolkits and APIs

Read more here: » Computer graphics: Encyclopedia II - Computer graphics - Computer graphics 3D

With the birth of the workstation computers (like LISP machines, paintbox computers and Silicon Graphics workstations) came the 3D computer graphics, based on vector graphics. Instead of the computer storing information about points, lines and curves on a 2-Dimensional plane, the computer stores the location of points, lines and typically faces (to construct a polygon) in 3-Dimensional Space. 3-Dimensional polygons are the life blood of virtually all 3D computer graphics. As a result, most 3D graphics engines are based around storing ...

See also:

Computer graphics, Computer graphics - Computer graphics 2D, Computer graphics - Computer graphics 3D, Computer graphics - Shading, Computer graphics - Image based rendering, Computer graphics - Texturing, Computer graphics - Toolkits and APIs

Read more here: » Computer graphics: Encyclopedia II - Computer graphics - Computer graphics 3D

AI divides roughly into two schools of thought: Conventional AI and Computational Intelligence (CI). Conventional AI mostly involves methods now classified as machine learning, characterized by formalism and statistical analysis. This is also known as symbolic AI, logical AI, neat AI and Good Old Fashioned Artificial Intelligence (GOFAI). (Also see semantics.) Methods include: Expert systems: apply reasoning capabilities to reach a conclusion. An expert system can process large amounts of known information and provide con ...

See also:

Artificial intelligence, Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought, Artificial intelligence - History, Artificial intelligence - Philosophy, Artificial intelligence - Science fiction, Artificial intelligence - Links to researchers projects & institutions

Read more here: » Artificial intelligence: Encyclopedia II - Artificial intelligence - Schools of thought