The large intestine comes after the small intestine in the digestive tract and measures approximately 1.5 meters in length. Although there are differences in the large intestine between different organisms, the large intestine is mainly responsible for storing waste, reclaiming water, maintaining the water balance, and absorbing some vitamins, such as vitamin K. By the time the chyme has reached this tube, almost all nutrients and 90% of the water have been absorbed by the body. At this point some electrolytes like sodium, magnesium, ...

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Colon anatomy, Colon anatomy - Role in digestion, Colon anatomy - Diseases of the colon

Read more here: » Colon anatomy: Encyclopedia II - Colon anatomy - Role in digestion

The symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of conditions that do not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. Most of these conditions are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that are normally controlled by the elements of the immune system that HIV damages. Opportunistic infections are common in people with AIDS [18]. Nearly every organ system is affected. People with AIDS also have an increased risk of developing various cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma, cervical cancer a ...

See also:

AIDS, AIDS - Infection by HIV, AIDS - Diagnosis, AIDS - AIDS and HIV case definitions, AIDS - HIV test, AIDS - Symptoms and Complications, AIDS - The major pulmonary illnesses, AIDS - The major gastro-intestinal illnesses, AIDS - The major neurological illnesses, AIDS - The major HIV-associated malignancies, AIDS - Other opportunistic infections, AIDS - Transmission, AIDS - Prevention, AIDS - Prevention of sexual transmission of HIV, AIDS - Prevention of blood or blood product route of HIV transmission, AIDS - Mother to child transmission, AIDS - Treatment, AIDS - Alternative medicine, AIDS - Epidemiology, AIDS - Origin of HIV/AIDS, AIDS - Alternative theories, AIDS - AIDS News

Read more here: » AIDS: Encyclopedia II - AIDS - Symptoms and Complications

Schulz was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Dena and Carl Schulz. His nickname, "Sparky", was given by his uncle, after the horse Spark Plug in the Barney Google comic strip. He attended St. Paul's Richard Gordon Elementary School, where he skipped two half-grades. As a result, he was the youngest in his class when he attended St. Paul Central High years later, which may have been the reason why he was so shy and isolated as a young teenager. After his mother died in February, 1943, he was drafted into the army and sent to Cam ...

See also:

Charles M. Schulz, Charles M. Schulz - Life and career, Charles M. Schulz - Influences

Read more here: » Charles M. Schulz: Encyclopedia II - Charles M. Schulz - Life and career

Cells cannot tolerate DNA damage that compromises the integrity and accessibility of essential information in the genome (but cells remain superficially functional when so-called "non-essential" genes are missing or damaged). Depending on the type of damage inflicted on the DNA's double helical structure, a variety of repair strategies has evolved to restore lost information. As templates for restoration cells use the unmodified complementary strand of the DNA or the sister chromosome. Without access to template information, DNA repair is er ...

See also:

DNA repair, DNA repair - DNA damage, DNA repair - Nuclear versus mitochondrial DNA damage, DNA repair - Sources of damage, DNA repair - Types of damage, DNA repair - DNA repair mechanisms, DNA repair - Single strand damage, DNA repair - Double strand breaks, DNA repair - DNA repair in disease and aging, DNA repair - Poor DNA repair induces pathology, DNA repair - DNA repair rate is variable, DNA repair - Hereditary DNA repair disorders, DNA repair - Chronic DNA repair disorders, DNA repair - Longevity genes and DNA repair, DNA repair - Caloric restriction increases DNA repair, DNA repair - DNA repair and evolution, DNA repair - DNA repair mechanisms are ancient, DNA repair - Disease death and evolution, DNA repair - Medicine & DNA repair modulation, DNA repair - Cancer treatment, DNA repair - Gene therapy, DNA repair - Gene repair

Read more here: » DNA repair: Encyclopedia II - DNA repair - DNA repair mechanisms

Indications for colonoscopy include gastrointestinal hemorrhage, unexplained changes in bowel habit or suspicion of malignancy. Colonoscopies are often used to diagnose or rule out colon cancer, but are also frequently used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease. In older patients (sometimes even younger ones) an unexplained drop in hematocrit (one sign of anemia) is an indication to do a colonoscopy, usually along with an EGD (gastroscopy), even if no obvious blood ...

See also:

Colonoscopy, Colonoscopy - Uses, Colonoscopy - Procedure, Colonoscopy - Preparation, Colonoscopy - The investigation, Colonoscopy - Risks

Read more here: » Colonoscopy: Encyclopedia II - Colonoscopy - Uses

She is best known for both her tendency to wear a great deal of mascara in public, from The PTL Club (aka The Jim And Tammy Show), as well as the infidelity (see one time PTL employee Jessica Hahn) and later the financial scandals of her former husband. She is also known for Heritage USA, the resort/theme park they built in the Charlotte, North Carolina area at nearby Fort Mill, South Carolina. She and Jim Bakker had been involved with television from their departure from Minneapolis, Minnesota (where they met and later ...

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Tammy Faye, Tammy Faye - PTL Club and Scandal, Tammy Faye - After PTL, Tammy Faye - The Surreal Life, Tammy Faye - Tammy Faye's involvement with the IRS, Tammy Faye - Tammy Faye in popular culture

Read more here: » Tammy Faye: Encyclopedia II - Tammy Faye - PTL Club and Scandal

Marshall's final appearances for West Indies came in One-Day International cricket - the 1992 World Cup - but there was to be no last hurrah: in his five matches in the tournament he took just two wickets, both in the penultimate game against South Africa at Christchurch. This was the only time Marshall played for West Indies against South Africa in his career, though played provincial cricket for Natal in both 1992/93 and 1993/94. Whilst playing at Natal his eperience was invaluable and his guidance was an influential spark in the early car ...

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Malcolm Marshall, Malcolm Marshall - Early years, Malcolm Marshall - International debut, Malcolm Marshall - At the peak of his powers, Malcolm Marshall - Later career, Malcolm Marshall - Illness and death

Read more here: » Malcolm Marshall: Encyclopedia II - Malcolm Marshall - Later career

Soybeans are one of the crops that are being genetically modified, and GMO soybeans are being used in an increasing number of products. Monsanto is the world's leader in genetically modified soy for the commercial market. In 1995, Monsanto introduced "Roundup Ready" (RR) soybeans that have had a complete copy of a gene(plasmid) from the bacteria, Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, inserted, by means of a gene gun, into its genome that allows the transgenic plant to survive being sprayed by this non-selective, glyphosate-based herbicide. Ro ...

See also:

Soybean, Soybean - Physical characteristics, Soybean - Cultivation, Soybean - Uses, Soybean - Oil, Soybean - Meal, Soybean - Flour, Soybean - Infant formula, Soybean - Substitute for existing products, Soybean - Other products, Soybean - Genetic modification, Soybean - Nutrition, Soybean - Protein, Soybean - Vitamins and Minerals, Soybean - Health, Soybean - Isoflavones, Soybean - Reduce cholesterol, Soybean - Cancer

Read more here: » Soybean: Encyclopedia II - Soybean - Genetic modification

Known risks of GH are few and rare. Few reasonable parents or physicians would incur a high risk of harm to a child to add a few inches to height. Most of the complications have been reported in children over 10 years of age or in adults. Though rare, the following harmful side effects have been reported during GH treatment often enough to be assumed noncoincidental. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) causes hip pain due to separation of the head of the femur from the shaft. Incidence in GH-treated children may be about 1 ...

See also:

Growth hormone treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Terminology and glossary, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of GH deficiency in children, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of adult GH deficiency, Growth hormone treatment - Other GH uses and treatment indications, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other types of shortness, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other benefits beyond height, Growth hormone treatment - Risks of GH treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Ethical issues, Growth hormone treatment - History, Growth hormone treatment - Extraction for treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Synthetic HGH=

Read more here: » Growth hormone treatment: Encyclopedia II - Growth hormone treatment - Risks of GH treatment

She has since remarried, to former Heritage USA contractor and felon, Roe Messner in 1993. She now goes by the name Tammy Faye Messner, and still resides in the Charlotte area. Her husband was diagnosed with prostate cancer years ago, but reportedly lacked health insurance for treatment. Tammy Faye was the subject of a 1999 documentary film entitled The Eyes of Tammy Faye (Lions Gate Films, Toronto). In 1996, she co-hosted another TV talk show entitled The Jim J. and Tammy Faye Show, with JM J. Bullock, an HIV-positive and openly gay actor. The syn ...

See also:

Tammy Faye, Tammy Faye - PTL Club and Scandal, Tammy Faye - After PTL, Tammy Faye - The Surreal Life, Tammy Faye - Tammy Faye's involvement with the IRS, Tammy Faye - Tammy Faye in popular culture

Read more here: » Tammy Faye: Encyclopedia II - Tammy Faye - After PTL

Soybeans are an important global crop, with political ramifications. It is grown for its oil and protein. The bulk of the crop is solvent extracted for vegetable oil and the defatted soy meal is used for animal feed. A very small proportion of the crop is consumed directly for food by humans. Soybeans and were used as food in eastern Asia long before written records, and it is still a major crop in China, Japan and Korea. They were first introduced to Europe in the early 1700s and the United States in 1765, where it was first grown fo ...

See also:

Soybean, Soybean - Physical characteristics, Soybean - Cultivation, Soybean - Uses, Soybean - Oil, Soybean - Meal, Soybean - Flour, Soybean - Infant formula, Soybean - Substitute for existing products, Soybean - Other products, Soybean - Genetic modification, Soybean - Nutrition, Soybean - Protein, Soybean - Vitamins and Minerals, Soybean - Health, Soybean - Isoflavones, Soybean - Reduce cholesterol, Soybean - Cancer

Read more here: » Soybean: Encyclopedia II - Soybean - Cultivation

Research has shown that GH treatment can provide a number of measurable benefits to severely GH-deficient adults, such as enhanced energy and strength, and improved bone density. Muscle mass may increase at the expense of adipose tissue. Blood lipid levels improve, but long term mortality benefit has not yet been demonstrated. GH for severe adult deficiency is usually prescribed as daily injections at a weekly dose about 25% of children's doses and comparably lower cost. Despite the potential benefits, most adults with GH deficiency a ...

See also:

Growth hormone treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Terminology and glossary, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of GH deficiency in children, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of adult GH deficiency, Growth hormone treatment - Other GH uses and treatment indications, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other types of shortness, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other benefits beyond height, Growth hormone treatment - Risks of GH treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Ethical issues, Growth hormone treatment - History, Growth hormone treatment - Extraction for treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Synthetic HGH=

Read more here: » Growth hormone treatment: Encyclopedia II - Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of adult GH deficiency

As McDermott's baseball career started winding down he began to drink more. Eventually, he was drinking every night even when he was scheduled to pitch the next day. After kicking around the minor leagues for a while and taking odd jobs to make ends meet, McDermott's second wife, fed up with his alcoholic ways, divorced him. McDermott was hired by the California Angels in 1967 as an assistant pitching coach and batting practice pitcher. He was let go with the rest of the coaching staff after the 1968 season. McDermott participated in a few b ...

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Mickey McDermott, Mickey McDermott - Pre-professional career, Mickey McDermott - Professional career, Mickey McDermott - Minor leagues, Mickey McDermott - Major leagues, Mickey McDermott - Post-playing career, Mickey McDermott - Note, Mickey McDermott - Reference, Mickey McDermott - External link

Read more here: » Mickey McDermott: Encyclopedia II - Mickey McDermott - Post-playing career

Mickey McDermott was the third son of Maurice McDermott Sr., a police officer and former minor league baseball player. Maurice, replaced at first base on the Hartford Senators in the Eastern League by future Hall of Famer Lou Gehrig, had determined one of his three sons would grow up to be a baseball player and fulfill his dream. The first son, Jimmy, died at the age of seven and his second son, Billy, was born with deformed leg ...

See also:

Mickey McDermott, Mickey McDermott - Pre-professional career, Mickey McDermott - Professional career, Mickey McDermott - Minor leagues, Mickey McDermott - Major leagues, Mickey McDermott - Post-playing career, Mickey McDermott - Note, Mickey McDermott - Reference, Mickey McDermott - External link

Read more here: » Mickey McDermott: Encyclopedia II - Mickey McDermott - Pre-professional career

UNAIDS and the WHO estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized in 1981, making it one of the most destructive epidemics in recorded history. Despite recent, improved access to antiretroviral treatment and care in many regions of the world, the AIDS epidemic claimed an estimated 3.1 million (between 2.8 and 3.6 million) lives in 2005 of which more than half a million (570,000) were children.^{See also:}

AIDS, AIDS - Infection by HIV, AIDS - Diagnosis, AIDS - AIDS and HIV case definitions, AIDS - HIV test, AIDS - Symptoms, AIDS - The major pulmonary illnesses, AIDS - The major gastro-intestinal illnesses, AIDS - The major neurological illnesses, AIDS - HIV-associated malignancies, AIDS - Transmission, AIDS - Prevention, AIDS - Prevention of sexual transmission of HIV, AIDS - Prevention of blood or blood product route of HIV transmission, AIDS - Mother to child transmission, AIDS - Treatment, AIDS - Alternative medicine, AIDS - Epidemiology, AIDS - Origin of HIV/AIDS, AIDS - Alternative theories, AIDS - AIDS News

Read more here: » AIDS: Encyclopedia II - AIDS - Epidemiology

Growth hormone deficiency is treated by replacing GH. All GH prescribed in North America, Europe, and most of the rest of the world is a synthetic copy of human GH, manufactured by recombinant DNA technology. As GH is a large protein molecule, it must be injected into subcutaneous tissue or muscle to get it into the blood. Nearly painless insulin syringes make this less trying than is usually anticipated but perceived discomfort is a subjective value. When a person has had a long-standing deficiency of GH, benefits of treatment are of ...

See also:

Growth hormone treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Terminology and glossary, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of GH deficiency in children, Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of adult GH deficiency, Growth hormone treatment - Other GH uses and treatment indications, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other types of shortness, Growth hormone treatment - GH treatment for other benefits beyond height, Growth hormone treatment - Risks of GH treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Ethical issues, Growth hormone treatment - History, Growth hormone treatment - Extraction for treatment, Growth hormone treatment - Synthetic HGH=

Read more here: » Growth hormone treatment: Encyclopedia II - Growth hormone treatment - Treatment of GH deficiency in children

In the form of a series of tetrahydrofolate compounds, folate derivatives are coenzymes in a number of single carbon transfer reactions biochemically, and also is involved in the synthesis of dTMP (2'-deoxythymidine-5'-phosphate) from dUMP (2'-deoxyuridine-5'-phosphate). The pathway in the formation of tetrahydrofolate (FH4) is the reduction of folate (F) to dihydrofolate (FH2) by folate reductase, and then the subsequent reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate ( ...

See also:

Folic acid, Folic acid - History, Folic acid - Biological roles, Folic acid - Biochemistry, Folic acid - Recommended Dietary Allowance for folate, Folic acid - Folate in foods, Folic acid - Folate deficiency, Folic acid - Folic acid and pregnancy, Folic acid - Folic acid supplements and masking of B₁₂ deficiency, Folic acid - Health risk of too much folic acid, Folic acid - Some current issues and controversies about folate, Folic acid - Dietary fortification of folic acid, Folic acid - Folic acid and heart disease, Folic acid - Folic acid and cancer, Folic acid - Folic acid and depression, Folic acid - Folic acid and methotrexate for cancer, Folic acid - Folic acid and methotrexate for non-cancerous diseases, Folic acid - Bibliography

Read more here: » Folic acid: Encyclopedia II - Folic acid - Biochemistry

There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples. Different cultivars are available for temperate and subtropical climates. Apples do not flower in tropical climates because they have a chilling requirement. Commercially-popular apple cultivars are soft but crisp. Other desired qualities in modern commercial apple breeding are a colourful skin, absence of russeting, ease of shipping, lengthy storage ability, high yields, disease resistance, typical 'Red D ...

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Apple, Apple - Botanical origins, Apple - Apple cultivars, Apple - Growing apples, Apple - Apple breeding, Apple - Starting an orchard, Apple - Location, Apple - Pollination, Apple - Thinning, Apple - Pests and diseases, Apple - Harvest, Apple - Commerce and uses, Apple - Health benefits, Apple - Cultural aspects, Apple - Apples as symbols, Apple - Traditions

Read more here: » Apple: Encyclopedia II - Apple - Apple cultivars

O'Neill was born to Thomas Phillip O'Neill, Sr., and Rose Ann (Tolan) O'Neill in the Irish middle-class area of Cambridge, Massachusetts. During his childhood, O'Neill received the nickname "Tip" after the baseball player James "Tip" O'Neill. Educated in Roman Catholic schools, O'Neill first became active in politics at 15, campaigning for Al Smith in his 1928 presidential campaign against Republican Herbert Hoover. Four years later, he helped get out the vote for Franklin D. Roosevelt. As a senior at Boston College, Mr. O'Neill lost his first campaign which was for the ...

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Tip O'Neill, Tip O'Neill - Early life, Tip O'Neill - Representative O'Neill, Tip O'Neill - After Congress, Tip O'Neill - Reference

Read more here: » Tip O'Neill: Encyclopedia II - Tip O'Neill - Early life

The wild ancestor of Malus domestica is Malus sieversii. It has no common name in English, but is known where it is native as "alma"; in fact, the city where it is thought to originate is called Alma-Ata, or "father of the apples". This tree is still found wild in the mountains of Central Asia in southern Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Xinjiang, China. Some individual M. sieversii, recently planted by the US government at a research facility, resist many diseases and pests that affect domestic apples, and are the subject of continuing resear ...

See also:

Apple, Apple - Botanical origins, Apple - Apple cultivars, Apple - Growing apples, Apple - Apple breeding, Apple - Starting an orchard, Apple - Location, Apple - Pollination, Apple - Thinning, Apple - Pests and diseases, Apple - Harvest, Apple - Commerce and uses, Apple - Health benefits, Apple - Cultural aspects, Apple - Apples as symbols, Apple - Traditions

Read more here: » Apple: Encyclopedia II - Apple - Botanical origins

Not all the species in the gut have been identified because some cannot be cultured and DNA isolation and identification is difficult. Populations of species vary widely among different individuals but stay fairly constant within an individual over time. Most bacteria come from the genera Bacteroides, Clostridium, Fusobacterium, Eubacterium, Ruminococcus, Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, and Bifidobacterium. Aerobes such as Escherichia and Lactobacillus are also pre ...

See also:

Gut flora, Gut flora - Localization, Gut flora - Types, Gut flora - Roles, Gut flora - Carbohydrate fermentation and absorption, Gut flora - Trophic effects, Gut flora - Repression of pathogenic bacterial growth, Gut flora - Immunity, Gut flora - Preventing allergy, Gut flora - Preventing Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gut flora - Effects of antibiotics, Gut flora - Probiotics, Gut flora - Role in disease, Gut flora - Cancer, Gut flora - Translocation, Gut flora - Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Gut flora - Colitis

Read more here: » Gut flora: Encyclopedia II - Gut flora - Types

O'Neill retired from his seat in 1987. That same year O'Neill wrote (with author William Novak) about his career in the best-selling book Man of the House. During his retirement, O'Neill made commercials for a credit card company, a motel chain, and the Commodore Amiga personal computer, a notable departure from the tradition of not publicly "cashing in" on the office. Later on in retirement, O'Neill, who had suffered from colon cancer, which led to a colostomy, made public service advertisements about cancer in which he joined athletes and movie stars ...

See also:

Tip O'Neill, Tip O'Neill - Early life, Tip O'Neill - Representative O'Neill, Tip O'Neill - After Congress, Tip O'Neill - Reference

Read more here: » Tip O'Neill: Encyclopedia II - Tip O'Neill - After Congress