C-reactive protein (CRP) is a plasma protein, an acute phase protein produced by the liver. It is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins. C-reactive protein - History and nomenclature. CRP was originally discovered by Tillett and Francis in 1930 as a substance in the serum of patients with acute inflammation that reacted with the C polysaccharide of pneumococcus. acute phase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, immunology C-reactive prot ...

Including:

• C-reactive protein - History and nomenclature
• C-reactive protein - Genetics
• C-reactive protein - Function
• C-reactive protein - Diagnostic use
• C-reactive protein - Role in cardiovascular disease
• C-reactive protein - Role in colon cancer

Read more here: » C-reactive protein: Encyclopedia - C-reactive protein

See also:

C-reactive protein, C-reactive protein - History and nomenclature, C-reactive protein - Genetics, C-reactive protein - Function, C-reactive protein - Diagnostic use, C-reactive protein - Role in cardiovascular disease, C-reactive protein - Role in colon cancer

Read more here: » C-reactive protein: Encyclopedia II - C-reactive protein - Role in colon cancer

CRP is used mainly as a marker of inflammation. Measuring and charting C-reactive protein values can prove useful in determining disease progress or the effectiveness of treatments. Blood, usually collected in a serum-separating tube, is analysed in a medical laboratory or at the point of testing. Various analytical methods are available for CRP determination, such as ELISA, immunoturbidometry, rapid immunodiffusion and visual agglutination. Viral infections ten ...

See also:

C-reactive protein, C-reactive protein - History and nomenclature, C-reactive protein - Genetics, C-reactive protein - Function, C-reactive protein - Diagnostic use, C-reactive protein - Role in cardiovascular disease, C-reactive protein - Role in colon cancer

Read more here: » C-reactive protein: Encyclopedia II - C-reactive protein - Diagnostic use

Colorectal cancer, also called colon cancer or bowel cancer, includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. It is the third most common form of cancer and the second leading cause of death among cancers in the Western world. Many colorectal cancers are thought to arise from adenomatous polyps in the colon. These mushroom-like growths are usually benign, but some may develop into cancer over time. The majority of the time, the diagnosis of localized colon cancer is through colonoscopy. Therapy is usually th ...

Including:

• Colorectal cancer - Symptoms
• Colorectal cancer - Risk factors
• Colorectal cancer - Diagnosis screening and monitoring
• Colorectal cancer - Identification of malignancy
• Colorectal cancer - Pathology
• Colorectal cancer - Staging
• Colorectal cancer - TNM or Duke's
• Colorectal cancer - AJCC stage groupings
• Colorectal cancer - Pathogenesis
• Colorectal cancer - Treatment
• Colorectal cancer - Surgery
• Colorectal cancer - Chemotherapy
• Colorectal cancer - Radiation therapy
• Colorectal cancer - Immunotherapy
• Colorectal cancer - Support therapies
• Colorectal cancer - Prognosis
• Colorectal cancer - Prevention
• Colorectal cancer - Surveillance
• Colorectal cancer - Lifestyle
• Colorectal cancer - Chemoprevention

Read more here: » Colorectal cancer: Encyclopedia - Colorectal cancer

Adenocarcinoma is a form of carcinoma that originates in glandular tissue. To be classified as adenocarcinoma, the cells don't necessarily need to be part of a gland, as long as they have secretory properties. It can first present as an adenoma (a glandular tumor that is benign.) It is frequently associated with cancers such as: colon cancer lung cancer prostate cancer stomach cancer pancreatic canc ...

Including:

• Adenocarcinoma - Famous patients

Read more here: » Adenocarcinoma: Encyclopedia - Adenocarcinoma

Dr. Alberto Magno Romero Rivera was an anti-Catholic religious activist who was the source of many of fundamentalist Christian author Jack Chick's stories about the Vatican. Romero was born in Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain in 1935 and died of colon cancer in 1997. Chick promised to promote Alberto's claims even after he died and claims that the Jesuits murdered him. Rivera claims to have been a Jesuit before becoming a Fundamentalist Protestant, a ...

Including:

• Alberto Rivera - Biography
• Alberto Rivera - Presence in Chick Tracts

Read more here: » Alberto Rivera: Encyclopedia - Alberto Rivera

In anatomy of the digestive system, the colon or large intestine or large bowel is the part of the intestine from the cecum to the rectum. Its primary purpose is to extract water from feces. In mammals, it consists of the cecum, ascending colon and approximately the first two-thirds of the transverse colon on the right (or proximal) side and the last third of the transverse colon to the splenic flexure, the descending colon, the sigmo ...

Including:

• Ascending colon - Diseases of the colon
• Ascending colon - Role in digestion

Read more here: » Ascending colon: Encyclopedia - Ascending colon

In anatomy of the digestive system, the colon, also called the large intestine or large bowel, is the part of the intestine from the cecum to the rectum. Its primary purpose is to extract water from feces. In mammals, it consists of the cecum, ascending colon and approximately the first two-thirds of the transverse colon on the right (or proximal) side and the last third of the transverse colon to the splenic flexure, the descending colon, the sigmo ...

Including:

• Colon anatomy - Role in digestion
• Colon anatomy - Diseases of the colon

Read more here: » Colon anatomy: Encyclopedia - Colon anatomy

The stage of a cancer is a descriptor (usually numbers I to IV) of how much the cancer has spread. The stage often takes into account the size of a tumor, how deep it has penetrated, whether it has invaded adjacent organs, if and how many lymph nodes it has metastasized to, and whether it has spread to distant organs. Staging of cancer is important because the stage at diagnosis is the biggest predictor of survival, and treatments are often changed based on the stage. Cancer staging - Clinical staging and pathological st ...

Including:

• Cancer staging - Clinical staging and pathological staging
• Cancer staging - Systems of staging
• Cancer staging - Blood
• Cancer staging - Solid
• Cancer staging - Overall stage grouping
• Cancer staging - TNM staging
• Cancer staging - Stage migration

Read more here: » Cancer staging: Encyclopedia - Cancer staging

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue (invasion) or by implantation into distant sites (metastasis). This unregulated growth is caused by damage to DNA, resulting in mutations to genes that control cell division. Several mutations may be required to transform a normal cell into a malignant cell. These mutations are often caused by chemicals or physical agents called carcinogens, the best known being tobacco smoke. Some mutations occur spontaneously, or ...

Including:

• Cancer - Terminology
• Cancer - History
• Cancer - Classification and nomenclature
• Cancer - Adult cancers
• Cancer - Childhood cancers
• Cancer - Causes and pathophysiology
• Cancer - Origins of cancer
• Cancer - Molecular biology
• Cancer - Morphology
• Cancer - Heredity
• Cancer - Environment and diet
• Cancer - Epidemiology
• Cancer - Prevention
• Cancer - Diet and cancer
• Cancer - Other chemoprevention agents
• Cancer - Genetic testing
• Cancer - Diagnosing cancer
• Cancer - Signs and symptoms
• Cancer - Biopsy
• Cancer - Screening
• Cancer - Treatment of cancer
• Cancer - Surgery
• Cancer - Chemotherapy
• Cancer - Immunotherapy
• Cancer - Radiation therapy
• Cancer - Hormonal suppression
• Cancer - Symptom control
• Cancer - Treatment trials
• Cancer - Complementary and alternative medicine
• Cancer - Cancer vaccines
• Cancer - Coping with cancer
• Cancer - Social impact
• Cancer - Cancer research

Read more here: » Cancer: Encyclopedia - Cancer

A barium enema, also called a lower gastrointestinal series, is a medical procedure used to examine and dignose problems with the human large intestines. An X-ray examination of the large intestines, pictures are taken after rectal instillation of barium sulfate. Barium enema - How the test is performed. This test may be done in an office or a hospital radiology department. The patient lies on the X-ray table and a preliminary X-ray is taken. The patient is then asked to lie on the side while a well ...

Including:

• Barium enema - How the test is performed
• Barium enema - Preparation
• Barium enema - Why the test is performed
• Barium enema - Normal Values
• Barium enema - What abnormal results mean
• Barium enema - What the risks are
• Barium enema - Special considerations
• Barium enema - External link

Read more here: » Barium enema: Encyclopedia - Barium enema

Colonoscopy is the minimally invasive endoscopic examination of the large colon and the distal part of the small bowel with a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. It may provide a visual diagnosis (e.g. ulceration, polyps) and grants the opportunity for biopsy of suspected lesions. Virtual colonoscopy, which uses 3D imagery reconstructed from computed tomography (CAT) scans, is also possible, as a totally non-invasive medical test, although it is not standard and still under investigation. Colonoscopy is simi ...

Including:

• Colonoscopy - Uses
• Colonoscopy - Procedure
• Colonoscopy - Preparation
• Colonoscopy - The investigation
• Colonoscopy - Risks

Read more here: » Colonoscopy: Encyclopedia - Colonoscopy

BRCA1 (breast cancer 1, early onset) is a human gene that belongs to a class of genes known as tumor suppressor genes. Like many other tumor suppressor genes, BRCA1 regulates the cycle of cell division by keeping cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. In particular, it inhibits the growth of cells that line the milk ducts in the breast. The protein made by the BRCA1 gene is directly involved in the repair of damaged DNA. In the nucleus of many types of normal cells, the BRCA1 protein inter ...

Including:

• BRCA1 - Related conditions

Read more here: » BRCA1: Encyclopedia - BRCA1

Recent research suggests that patients with elevated basal levels of CRP are at an increased risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease, although recent research[1] suggests the correlation is moderate. The amount of CRP produced by the body varies from person to person, and this is affected by lifestyle as well as genetic makeup, which accounts for almost half of the variation in CRP levels between different people. Higher CRP levels tend to be found in smokers and in people who are sedentary, overweight or who have high bloo ...

See also:

C-reactive protein, C-reactive protein - History and nomenclature, C-reactive protein - Genetics, C-reactive protein - Function, C-reactive protein - Diagnostic use, C-reactive protein - Role in cardiovascular disease, C-reactive protein - Role in colon cancer

Read more here: » C-reactive protein: Encyclopedia II - C-reactive protein - Role in cardiovascular disease

Cancers are classified by the type of cell that resembles the tumor and, therefore, the tissue presumed to be the origin of the tumor. The following general categories are usually accepted: Carcinoma: malignant tumors derived from epithelial cells. This group represent the most common cancers, including the common forms of breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer. Lymphoma and Leukemia: malignant tumors derived from blood and bone marrow cells Sarcoma: malignant tumors derived from connective tissue, or mesenchy ...

See also:

Cancer, Cancer - Terminology, Cancer - History, Cancer - Classification and nomenclature, Cancer - Adult cancers, Cancer - Childhood cancers, Cancer - Causes and pathophysiology, Cancer - Origins of cancer, Cancer - Molecular biology, Cancer - Morphology, Cancer - Heredity, Cancer - Environment and diet, Cancer - Epidemiology, Cancer - Prevention, Cancer - Diet and cancer, Cancer - Other chemoprevention agents, Cancer - Genetic testing, Cancer - Diagnosing cancer, Cancer - Signs and symptoms, Cancer - Biopsy, Cancer - Screening, Cancer - Treatment of cancer, Cancer - Surgery, Cancer - Chemotherapy, Cancer - Immunotherapy, Cancer - Radiation therapy, Cancer - Hormonal suppression, Cancer - Symptom control, Cancer - Treatment trials, Cancer - Complementary and alternative medicine, Cancer - Cancer vaccines, Cancer - Coping with cancer, Cancer - Social impact, Cancer - Cancer research

Read more here: » Cancer: Encyclopedia II - Cancer - Classification and nomenclature

Colorectal cancer - TNM or Duke's. Colon cancer staging is an estimate of the condition of a particular cancer for diagnostic and research purposes. The systems for staging colorectal cancers largely depend on the extent of local invasion, the degree of lymph node involvement and whether there is distant metastasis. The most common currently used system for staging is the TNM system, though many doctors still use the older Duke's system. The TNM system assigns a number: T - The degree of invas ...

See also:

Colorectal cancer, Colorectal cancer - Symptoms, Colorectal cancer - Risk factors, Colorectal cancer - Diagnosis screening and monitoring, Colorectal cancer - Identification of malignancy, Colorectal cancer - Pathology, Colorectal cancer - Staging, Colorectal cancer - TNM or Duke's, Colorectal cancer - AJCC stage groupings, Colorectal cancer - Pathogenesis, Colorectal cancer - Treatment, Colorectal cancer - Surgery, Colorectal cancer - Chemotherapy, Colorectal cancer - Radiation therapy, Colorectal cancer - Immunotherapy, Colorectal cancer - Support therapies, Colorectal cancer - Prognosis, Colorectal cancer - Prevention, Colorectal cancer - Surveillance, Colorectal cancer - Lifestyle, Colorectal cancer - Chemoprevention

Read more here: » Colorectal cancer: Encyclopedia II - Colorectal cancer - Staging

The theory that cancer could be caused by a virus began to be developed in 1911 by Peyton Rous. Rouse transmitted solid tumors of chickens by transplanting tissue between them. By the early 1950s it was known that viruses could remove and incorporate genes and genetic material in cells. It was suggested that these new genes inserted into cells could make the cell cancerous. Many of these viral oncogenes have been discovered and identified to cause cancer. Studies since 2000 have found JC virus in malignant colon tumors and suggested that the virus may be linked to colon cancer. There is also a very strong ...

See also:

Virus cancer link, Virus cancer link - History

Read more here: » Virus cancer link: Encyclopedia II - Virus cancer link - History

Main article: Monoclonal antibody Examples of monoclonal antibodies include: Rituximab targets CD20 found on B cells. It is used in non Hodgkin lymphoma Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) targets the Her2/neu (also known as ErbB2) receptor expressed in some types of breast cancer Cetuximab (marketed as Erbitux) targets the epidermal growth factor receptor. It is used in the treatment of colon cancer. ...

See also:

Targeted therapy, Targeted therapy - Small molecules, Targeted therapy - Monoclonal antibodies, Targeted therapy - Progress and future

Read more here: » Targeted therapy: Encyclopedia II - Targeted therapy - Monoclonal antibodies

The test is used to detect colon cancer. The barium enema may also be used to diagnose and evaluate the extent of inflammatory bowel diseases. Barium enema - Normal Values. Barium should fill the colon uniformly and show normal bowel contour, patency (should be freely open), and position. Barium enema - What abnormal results mean. Abnormal findings may include cancer, diverticulitis (small pouches formed on the colon wall that can become inflamed), polyps (a tumor, usual ...

See also:

Barium enema, Barium enema - How the test is performed, Barium enema - Preparation, Barium enema - Why the test is performed, Barium enema - Normal Values, Barium enema - What abnormal results mean, Barium enema - What the risks are, Barium enema - Special considerations, Barium enema - External link

Read more here: » Barium enema: Encyclopedia II - Barium enema - Why the test is performed

An estimated 1-5% of the tested population have a positive fecal occult blood test. Of those, about 2-10% have cancer, while 20-30% have adenomas. Causes for a positive test are: 2-10%: cancer (colorectal cancer, gastric cancer) 20-30% adenoma or polyps Bleeding peptic ulcer Angiodysplasia of the colon ...

See also:

Fecal occult blood, Fecal occult blood - Uses, Fecal occult blood - Methodology, Fecal occult blood - Interpretation, Fecal occult blood - Results, Fecal occult blood - Sources

Read more here: » Fecal occult blood: Encyclopedia II - Fecal occult blood - Results