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Colombia - History | A Wisdom Archive on Colombia - History | | Colombia - History A selection of articles related to Colombia - History | |
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Cartagena, Colombia, Cartagena, Colombia - Climate, Colombia - Geography, Colombia - History
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ARTICLES RELATED TO Colombia - History | | | |  Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Colombia - HistoryAround 1450 BC there was cultural activity near Bogotá, in "El Abra". In 1000 BC, groups of amerindians developed the political system of "cacicazgos" (answering to a figure known as the Cacique) with a pyramidal structure of power, especially in the cases of the Muisca or Chibcha people. They have been considered to have one of the most developed political systems in South America, after the Incas. Spanish explorers made the first exploration of the Caribbean littoral in 1500 led by Rodrigo de Bastidas. Christopher Columbus navigated near ...
See also:Colombia, Colombia - History, Colombia - Politics, Colombia - Geography, Colombia - Departments, Colombia - Economy, Colombia - Demographics, Colombia - Religion, Colombia - Culture, Colombia - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Colombia - History |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Colombia - History
Around 1450 BC there was cultural activity near Bogotá, in "El Abra". In 1000 BC, groups of Amerindians developed the political system of "cacicazgos" (answering to a figure known as the Cacique) with a pyramidal structure of power, especially in the cases of the Muisca or Chibcha people. They have been considered to have one of the most developed political systems in South America, after the Incas. Spanish explorers made the first exploration of the Caribbean littoral in 1500 led by Rodrigo de Bastidas. Christopher Columbus navigated near ...
See also:Colombia, Colombia - History, Colombia - Politics, Colombia - Geography, Colombia - Departments, Colombia - Most Important Cities Of Colombia, Colombia - Economy, Colombia - Demographics, Colombia - Religion, Colombia - Culture, Colombia - Miscellaneous topics Read more here: » Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Colombia - History |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - The Republic Bolívar was elected first president of Greater Colombia and Francisco de Paula Santander, vice president.
As the Federation of Greater Colombia was dissolved in 1830, the Department of Cundinamarca (as established in Angostura) became a new country, the Republic of New Granada.
In 1863 the name of the Republic was changed officially to "United States of Colombia", and in 1886 adopted its present day name: "Republic of Colombia".
Two political parties grew out of conflicts between the followers of Bolivar and Santander a ...
See also:History of Colombia, History of Colombia - Pre-Columbian period, History of Colombia - Colonial times, History of Colombia - Struggle for independence, History of Colombia - The Republic, History of Colombia - The National Front, History of Colombia - Post-National Front years, History of Colombia - Post 1990, History of Colombia - Recent developments, History of Colombia - External link Read more here: » History of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - The Republic |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Cartagena, Colombia - History During the 16th and 17th centuries, Cartagena was part of the Spanish Main, one of the chief ports of the Spanish treasure fleet and so a prime target by English pirates and French buccaneers (such as Sir Francis Drake, who sacked the city in 1586). Many of Cartagena's fortifications still stand: the Castle of San Felipe de Barajas, built between 1536 and 1657; the walls around the Old City (las Murallas); the undersea wall across Bocagrande built between 1771 and 1778; and the forts of San Jose and San Fern ...
See also:Cartagena, Colombia, Cartagena, Colombia - Geography, Cartagena, Colombia - History, Cartagena, Colombia - Climate Read more here: » Cartagena, Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Cartagena, Colombia - History |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia - Cartagena Colombia Cartagena, Colombia, also known as Cartagena de Indias or La Heroica (The Heroic), is a large seaport on the north coast of Colombia. It has a population of 1,120,000, with 2.6 million living in its metropolitan area. Founded in 1533 by don Pedro de Heredia, and named after Cartagena, Spain, it was a major center of early Spanish settlement in the Americas, and continues to be an economic hub as well as a popular tourist destination.
Cartagena Colombia - Geography.
Cartagena faces the Caribbea ...
Including:
Read more here: » Cartagena Colombia: Encyclopedia - Cartagena Colombia |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Colombia - History In 1990, the administration of President César Gaviria Trujillo (1990-94) initiated economic liberalization or "apertura," and this has continued since then, with tariff reductions, financial deregulation, privatization of state-owned enterprises, and adoption of a more liberal foreign exchange rate. Almost all sectors became open to foreign investment although agricultural products remained protected.
The original idea of his Minister of Finance, Rudolf Hommes, was that the country should import agricultural products in which it was ...
See also:Economy of Colombia, Economy of Colombia - History, Economy of Colombia - Mining and Energy, Economy of Colombia - Trade, Economy of Colombia - Foreign Investment, Economy of Colombia - Statistics, Economy of Colombia - Notes Read more here: » Economy of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Economy of Colombia - History |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Pereira Colombia - History The early settlers were the Quimbaya tribes famous for their gold artistic creations, considered of the highest in quality among cultures from pre-Columbian America.
The Spanish established their first settlement around the year 1540. The town of Cartago was first founded here and then moved around 1691 to the place where it is today. Much later, in the middle of the 19th century, settlers from Antioquia occupied the area and established the city in 1863. The city is thus the result of a major demographic and territorial movement known as the "Antioquian Expansion", which developed an enormous economic movement that b ...
See also:Pereira Colombia, Pereira Colombia - History, Pereira Colombia - Demographics, Pereira Colombia - Points of Interest, Pereira Colombia - Plaza de Bolívar, Pereira Colombia - Viaducto César Gaviria Trujillo, Pereira Colombia - Estadio Hernan Ramirez Villegas, Pereira Colombia - Matecaňa City Zoo, Pereira Colombia - External link Read more here: » Pereira Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Pereira Colombia - History |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - Recent developments As of 2004, two years after its implementation began, the security situation of inside Colombia has suffered some measure of an improvement and the economy, while still fragile, has also shown some positive signs according to observers, but relatively little has yet to have been accomplished in structurally solving most of the country's other grave problems, possibly in part due to legislative and political conflicts between the administration and the Colombian Congress (including those over the controversial project to eventually re-elect Uribe), ...
See also:History of Colombia, History of Colombia - Pre-Columbian period, History of Colombia - Colonial times, History of Colombia - Struggle for independence, History of Colombia - The Republic, History of Colombia - The National Front, History of Colombia - Post-National Front years, History of Colombia - Post 1990, History of Colombia - Recent developments, History of Colombia - External link Read more here: » History of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - Recent developments |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - Post 1990 Following administrations had to contend with the guerrillas, paramilitaries, narcotics traffickers and the violence and corruption that they all perpetuated, both through force and negotiation. Narcoterrorists assassinated three presidential candidates before César Gaviria Trujillo was elected in 1990. Since the death of Medellín cartel leader Pablo Escobar in a police shootout during December 1993, indiscriminate acts of violence associated with that organization have abated as the "cartels" have broken up into multiple, smaller and ofte ...
See also:History of Colombia, History of Colombia - Pre-Columbian period, History of Colombia - Colonial times, History of Colombia - Struggle for independence, History of Colombia - The Republic, History of Colombia - The National Front, History of Colombia - Post-National Front years, History of Colombia - Post 1990, History of Colombia - Recent developments, History of Colombia - External link Read more here: » History of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - Post 1990 |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - The National Front In July 1957, former Conservative President Laureano Gomez (1950-1953) and former Liberal President Alberto Lleras Camargo (1945-1946, 1958-1962) issued the "Declaration of Sitges," in which they proposed a "National Front," whereby the Liberal and Conservative parties would govern jointly. The presidency would be determined by regular elections every 4 years; the two parties would have parity in all other elective and appointive offices.
The National Front ended "La Violencia," and National Front administrations attempted to institut ...
See also:History of Colombia, History of Colombia - Pre-Columbian period, History of Colombia - Colonial times, History of Colombia - Struggle for independence, History of Colombia - The Republic, History of Colombia - The National Front, History of Colombia - Post-National Front years, History of Colombia - Post 1990, History of Colombia - Recent developments, History of Colombia - External link Read more here: » History of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - The National Front |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Patriotic Union Colombia - History The peace negotiations with the government gave both the FARC and the new UP a high media profile that the guerrillas and their ideas had never experienced before, appearing in radio, television and newspaper chronicles regularly. As the UP campaigned, gradually, many independents, leftwingers and others joined the party, eventually changing its focus from what was perceived as a FARC vehicle to a more independent-minded political actor, not directly responsible to the guerrilla's Secretariat and ...
See also:Patriotic Union Colombia, Patriotic Union Colombia - Origins, Patriotic Union Colombia - History, Patriotic Union Colombia - Decline and Extermination, Patriotic Union Colombia - Legacy, Patriotic Union Colombia - Possible Legal Action/Reparation, Patriotic Union Colombia - Footnotes Read more here: » Patriotic Union Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Patriotic Union Colombia - History |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - Post-National Front years From 1974 until 1982, different presidential administrations chose to focus on ending the persistent insurgencies that sought to undermine Colombia's traditional political system. Both groups claimed to represent the poor and weak against the rich and powerful classes of the country, demaning the completion of true land and political reform, from an openly Communist perspective.
By 1974, another challenge to the state's authority and legitimacy had come from the 19th of April Movement (M-19), a mostly urban guerrilla group founded all ...
See also:History of Colombia, History of Colombia - Pre-Columbian period, History of Colombia - Colonial times, History of Colombia - Struggle for independence, History of Colombia - The Republic, History of Colombia - The National Front, History of Colombia - Post-National Front years, History of Colombia - Post 1990, History of Colombia - Recent developments, History of Colombia - External link Read more here: » History of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - History of Colombia - Post-National Front years |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Recent history - back to the war For most of the period between 2002 and 2004, the FARC-EP was believed to be in a relative / temporary strategic withdrawal due to the increasing military and police actions of new hardline president Álvaro Uribe Vélez, which led to the capture or desertion of many fighters and medium-level commanders, one of the most important of which has been that of "Simón Trinidad" (Juvenal Ovidio Palmera Pineda) in January 2004, a former banker turned rebel, who had participated as a high-profile negotiator in the rec ...
See also:Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Overview, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Historical background, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Seventh Guerrilla Conference of the FARC-EP, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Belligerence of the FARC-EP, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Activities, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - The late 1990s Peace Process, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Recent history - back to the war, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - New Strategy in 2005, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - 2005 Military Attacks, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Possibility of a prisoner exchange with the government Read more here: » Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Recent history - back to the war |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Ecuador as part of Gran Colombia Bolivar had aspirations to be life-time president of the Gran Colombia, which led to political instability. Also, the Gran Colombia was already his own project of Federation to unite most of the former Spanish Colonies under his rule. Furious about the news in Bolivia (where the Colombian Army was expeled), he resolved to declare war against Peru on June 3, 1828. Sucre was appointed Commander of the Colombian Army.
Peruvian President Jose de La Mar (who was born in the city of Cuenca) occupied Loja and tried to capture Guayas, and int ...
See also:History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Colonial times, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Ecuador's claim to the Amazon, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Independence from Spain, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Ecuador as part of Gran Colombia, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Confusion about Gran Colombia, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - The Pedemonte-Mosquera Protocol, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Incidents leading up to 1941, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Wars between Peru and Ecuador, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - The war of 1941, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - The Paquisha Incident 1981, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - The Cenepa War 1995, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Resolution and arbitration, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Political social and economic impact, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Education and public perception, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Economic impact, History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Political implications Read more here: » History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute: Encyclopedia II - History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute - Ecuador as part of Gran Colombia |
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| | | | Colombia - History: Encyclopedia II - Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Historical background See main article : Communism in Colombia
The period that followed saw the loss of more than 150,000 lives and became known as La Violencia ("The Violence"). "Toward the end of La Violencia a new generation of young Colombians who had been socialized to think that violence was a normal way of life…increasingly took to banditry." By 1953, the Colombian Conservative Party government of Laureano Gómez (elected 1950 in an election boycotted by the Liberal party), unable to cope with the situation, became increasingly ...
See also:Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Overview, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Historical background, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Seventh Guerrilla Conference of the FARC-EP, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Belligerence of the FARC-EP, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Activities, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - The late 1990s Peace Process, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Recent history - back to the war, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - New Strategy in 2005, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - 2005 Military Attacks, Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Possibility of a prisoner exchange with the government Read more here: » Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia: Encyclopedia II - Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - Historical background |
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