Cocaine 3-benzoyloxy-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1]octane-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester CAS number 50-36-2 ATC code N01BC01 used rarely as a topical anesthetic Recreational uses: euphoria stimulant Other uses: local anesthetic cardiovascular disease Severe: (with chronic use) ? Cardiovasc ...

Including:

• Cocaine - History
• Cocaine - The coca leaf
• Cocaine - Isolation
• Cocaine - Popularization
• Cocaine - Prohibition
• Cocaine - Modern usage
• Cocaine - Pharmacology
• Cocaine - Appearance
• Cocaine - Forms of cocaine
• Cocaine - Methods of administration
• Cocaine - Mechanism of action
• Cocaine - Metabolism and excretion
• Cocaine - Effects and health issues
• Cocaine - Cocaine as a local anesthetic
• Cocaine - Cocaine addiction
• Cocaine - Treatment
• Cocaine - Legal status
• Cocaine - Africa
• Cocaine - Asia
• Cocaine - Middle east
• Cocaine - Australia & Oceania
• Cocaine - Europe
• Cocaine - North America
• Cocaine - South America
• Cocaine - Usage
• Cocaine - In the United States
• Cocaine - Works concerning cocaine
• Cocaine - Books about cocaine
• Cocaine - Movies about cocaine

Read more here: » Cocaine: Encyclopedia - Cocaine

See also:

Cocaine, Cocaine - History, Cocaine - The coca leaf, Cocaine - Isolation, Cocaine - Popularization, Cocaine - Prohibition, Cocaine - Modern usage, Cocaine - Pharmacology, Cocaine - Appearance, Cocaine - Forms of cocaine, Cocaine - Methods of administration, Cocaine - Mechanism of action, Cocaine - Metabolism and excretion, Cocaine - Effects and health issues, Cocaine - Cocaine as a local anesthetic, Cocaine - Cocaine addiction, Cocaine - Treatment, Cocaine - Usage, Cocaine - In the United States, Cocaine - Works concerning cocaine, Cocaine - Books about cocaine, Cocaine - Movies about cocaine

Read more here: » Cocaine: Encyclopedia II - Cocaine - History

Cocaine - The coca leaf. For thousands of years and still today, South American indigenous peoples have chewed the coca leaf (Erythroxylon coca), a plant which contains vital nutrients as well as numerous alkaloids, including cocaine. The leaf was and is chewed almost universally by some indigenous communities, but there is no evidence that its habitual use ever led to any of the negative consequences generally associated with habitual cocaine use today. It is an important source of nutrition and energy in ...

See also:

Cocaine, Cocaine - History, Cocaine - The coca leaf, Cocaine - Isolation, Cocaine - Popularization, Cocaine - Prohibition, Cocaine - Modern usage, Cocaine - Pharmacology, Cocaine - Appearance, Cocaine - Forms of cocaine, Cocaine - Methods of administration, Cocaine - Mechanism of action, Cocaine - Metabolism and excretion, Cocaine - Effects and health issues, Cocaine - Cocaine as a local anesthetic, Cocaine - Cocaine addiction, Cocaine - Treatment, Cocaine - Legal status, Cocaine - Africa, Cocaine - Asia, Cocaine - Middle east, Cocaine - Australia & Oceania, Cocaine - Europe, Cocaine - North America, Cocaine - South America, Cocaine - Usage, Cocaine - In the United States, Cocaine - Works concerning cocaine, Cocaine - Books about cocaine, Cocaine - Movies about cocaine

Read more here: » Cocaine: Encyclopedia II - Cocaine - History

Dhauti, Basti, Neti, Nauli, Tratak and Kapalabhati. These are known as Shat-Karma or the six purificatory exercises in Hatha Yoga.

From "Kundalini Yoga" by Sri Swami Sivananda

Read more here: » Shat-Karma: Shat-Karma or the six purificatory exercises in Hatha Yoga.

One should become perfectly desireless and should be full of Vairagya before attempting to awaken Kundalini. It can be awakened only when a man rises above Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Mada and other impurities. Kundalini can be awakened through rising above desires of the senses. The Yogi, who has got a pure heart and a mind free from passions and desires will be benefited by awakening Kundalini. If a man with a lot of impurities in the mind awakens the Sakti by sheer force through Asanas, Pranayamas and Mudras, he will break his legs and stumble down.

From "Kundalini Yoga" by Sri Swami Sivananda

Read more here: » Yoga Sadhana: Yoga Sadhanas for Kundalini Awakening

Angelo Mariani or Ange-François Mariani was a French chemist born at Pero-Casevecchie in Corsica in 1832. He's the inventor in 1863 of one of the first (if not the first) cocawine: the famous Vin Mariani, a Bordeaux red wine mixed with extract of coca leaves. His labs were based in Neuilly-sur-Seine. His drink becoming a popular success (coca leaves users prefer to drink coca wine rather than masticate the leaves or drink leaves infusions), a dozen imitations appears while he declines the concept in elixirs, pastilles, pastes ...

Read more here: » Angelo Mariani: Encyclopedia - Angelo Mariani

The Aymara are a native ethnic group in the Andes region of South America; about 2.3 million live in Bolivia, Peru, Northern Chile, and Argentina. They lived in the region for many centuries before becoming a subject people of the Inca, and later of the Spanish in the 16th century. Aymara - History. The Aymara have existed in the Andes in what is now Bolivia and to a lesser extent Peru for over 2,000 years according to some estimates. Some associate them with highly advanced civilization centered at Tiwanak ...

Including:

• Aymara - History
• Aymara - Geography
• Aymara - Culture
• Aymara - Politics

Read more here: » Aymara: Encyclopedia - Aymara

An alkaloid is a nitrogenous organic molecule that has a pharmacological effect on humans and animals. The name derives from the word alkaline; originally, the term was used to describe any nitrogen-containing base (an amine in modern terms). Alkaloids are found as secondary metabolites in plants (e.g., in potatoes and tomatoes), animals (e.g., in shellfish) and fungi, and can be extracted from their sources by treatment with acids (usually hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, though organic acids such as maleic acid and citric acid are sometimes used). Us ...

Including:

• Alkaloid - Alkaloid classifications

Read more here: » Alkaloid: Encyclopedia - Alkaloid

For the song (Anesthesia) Pulling Teeth by Metallica, go here. Anesthesia (American English), also anaesthesia (British English), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations. This allows patients to undergo surgery and other procedures without the distress and pain they would otherwise experience. It comes from the Greek roots an-, "without" and aesthetos, "perceptible, able to feel". Anesthesia - Types. There are several forms of anesthesia: ...

Including:

• Anesthesia - Types
• Anesthesia - Anaesthesiologists and the profession
• Anesthesia - History
• Anesthesia - Non-pharmacological methods
• Anesthesia - Herbal derivatives
• Anesthesia - Early gases and vapours
• Anesthesia - Anaesthetic equipment and physics
• Anesthesia - Anaesthetic agents
• Anesthesia - Local anaesthetics
• Anesthesia - Early opioids and hypnotics
• Anesthesia - Current pharmacological agents
• Anesthesia - Volatile agents
• Anesthesia - Choice of anesthetic technique
• Anesthesia - Related topics

Read more here: » Anesthesia: Encyclopedia - Anesthesia

Khat (Catha edulis, family Celastraceae), pronounced "cot" and also known as qat, gat, tschat, and miraa, is a flowering plant native to tropical East Africa. Believed to be originated in Ethiopia, it is a shrub or small tree growing to 5–8 m tall, with evergreen leaves 5–10 cm long and 1–4 cm broad. The flowers are produced on short axillary cymes 4–8 cm long, each flower small, with five white petals. The fruit is an oblong three-valved capsule containing 1–3 seeds. Khat - C ...

Including:

• Khat - Cultivation and uses
• Khat - Chemistry/pharmacology
• Khat - User population
• Khat - USA
• Khat - Israel
• Khat - Control status

Read more here: » Khat: Encyclopedia - Khat

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1880 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). 1880 - Events. May 13 - In Menlo Park, New Jersey, Thomas Edison performs the first test of his electric railway. June 29 - France annexes Tahiti July 1 - First performance of O Canada, the song that would become the national anthem of Canada. July 16 - First woman licensed to pra ...

Including:

• 1880 - Events
• 1880 - September - December
• 1880 - Unknown date
• 1880 - Births
• 1880 - Unknown Birth Dates
• 1880 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1880: Encyclopedia - 1880

A panic attack is a period of intense fear or discomfort, typically with an abrupt onset and usually lasting no more than thirty minutes. Symptoms include trembling, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, sweating, nausea, dizziness, hyperventilation, paresthesias (tingling sensations), and sensations of choking or smothering. The disorder is strikingly different from other types of anxiety disorders in that panic attacks are very sudden ...

Including:

• Panic attack - Introduction
• Panic attack - Symptoms
• Panic attack - Induced phobias
• Panic attack - Occurrence
• Panic attack - Treatment
• Panic attack - Causes

Read more here: » Panic attack: Encyclopedia - Panic attack

Chemical imbalance is a simplification of the language sometimes used by drug companies [1] in the United States in advertising and consumer literature for psychoactive drugs after deregulation of pharmaceutical advertising. The term has its origins in the 'chemical hypothesis', which refers to a simplification of the series of hypothesised neurochemical changes thought to partially underly mental illness. This term is most often used by groups ...

Including:

• Chemical imbalance theory - Chemical imbalances
• Chemical imbalance theory - Use of drugs to correct
• Chemical imbalance theory - Limitations on the use of medications
• Chemical imbalance theory - Controversy
• Chemical imbalance theory - Sightings in Popular Culture and Advertising
• Chemical imbalance theory - Diagnostic utility
• Chemical imbalance theory - Cautionary measures
• Chemical imbalance theory - Current neuroscience perspectives
• Chemical imbalance theory - Critical perspectives

Read more here: » Chemical imbalance theory: Encyclopedia - Chemical imbalance theory

Alice in Chains was an influential grunge group formed by lead singer Layne Staley (1967-2002) in the mid-1980s as Alice N' Chains before the spelling of the name was changed. The name derived from their early stages as a band when the group would dress in drag at concerts. Along with Nirvana, Pearl Jam, and Soundgarden, Alice in Chains was one of the most commercially successful bands from the Seattle, Washington grunge music scene. Unlike many of their peers, Alice in Chains owed more to heavy metal than to punk or '70s rock, ...

Including:

• Alice in Chains - Line-Ups
• Alice in Chains - Original line-up 1987-1992
• Alice in Chains - Classic line-up 1993-2002
• Alice in Chains - Tsunami Benefit Show line-up 2005
• Alice in Chains - Guest Vocalists for 2005 Tsunami Benefit Show
• Alice in Chains - History
• Alice in Chains - Samples
• Alice in Chains - Discography
• Alice in Chains - Hit singles

Read more here: » Alice in Chains: Encyclopedia - Alice in Chains

Technological escalation describes the fact that whenever two parties are in competition, each side tends to employ continuing technological improvements to defeat the other. Technology is defined here as a creative invention, be it an object or a method of using an object. This is a natural result of mankind's use of our brains, and the nature of science and technology that understanding and innovations build on each other. Escalation is usually a negative term, meaning to make bigger in a bad way. However, if two companies ar ...

Including:

• Technological escalation - Technological escalation in war
• Technological escalation - Objects and methods
• Technological escalation - Paradigms or worldviews
• Technological escalation - History of technological escalation as indicator of success
• Technological escalation - Motives
• Technological escalation - Effects

Read more here: » Technological escalation: Encyclopedia - Technological escalation

The United States of America has vast economic, political and military influence on a global scale, which makes its foreign policy a subject of great interest and discussion around the world. Goals of U.S. foreign policy repeatedly mentioned and emphasized by U.S. officials are: Protecting the safety and freedom of all American citizens, both within the United States and abroad. Defense policy and procurement decisions related to force posture. Promotion of peace, freedom (most notably of speech and ente ...

Including:

• Foreign relations of the United States - Decision-making
• Foreign relations of the United States - Brief history
• Foreign relations of the United States - Diplomatic relations
• Foreign relations of the United States - Allies
• Foreign relations of the United States - Criticism and responses
• Foreign relations of the United States - International disputes
• Foreign relations of the United States - Illicit drugs
• Foreign relations of the United States - Military aid
• Foreign relations of the United States - List of countries that have been at war with the U.S.

Read more here: » Foreign relations of the United States: Encyclopedia - Foreign relations of the United States

Examples: Heroin, LSD, marijuana, MDMA (Ecstasy), methaqualone (Quaalude). Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Schedule II. The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. Abuse of the drug or other substances may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. Examples: Cocaine, ...

Including:

• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Schedule I
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Schedule II
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Schedule III
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Schedule IV
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Schedule V
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Background
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Arguments for and against rescheduling
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Arguments for rescheduling
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Arguments against rescheduling
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Rescheduling process
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Rulemaking proceedings
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Factors determinative of scheduling
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - International treaty obligations
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - History of marijuana rescheduling efforts
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - 1972 NORML petition
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Parties supporting rescheduling
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - Parties opposing rescheduling
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - 1995 Gettman/High Times petition
• Cannabis rescheduling in the United States - 2002 Coalition for Rescheduling Cannabis petition

Read more here: » Cannabis rescheduling in the United States: Encyclopedia - Cannabis rescheduling in the United States

Black Flag was a hardcore punk group formed in 1976 in southern California, largely as the brainchild of Greg Ginn, guitarist, primary songwriter and sole continuous member through multiple personnel changes. Black Flag forged a unique sound early on that mixed the raw simplicity of The Ramones with atonal and microtonal guitar solos and frequent tempo shifts. Over this could be heard lyrics—mostly written by Ginn—about isolation, neurosis and paranoia, themes which did not disappear when Henry Rollins took on the role of lead singer in 1981. Most of the band's materia ...

Including:

• Black Flag band - History
• Black Flag band - Early History
• Black Flag band - Rollins Joins
• Black Flag band - Legacy
• Black Flag band - Lineups
• Black Flag band - Discography
• Black Flag band - Studio albums
• Black Flag band - Live albums
• Black Flag band - Compilation albums
• Black Flag band - Singles
• Black Flag band - Studio EPs
• Black Flag band - Live EPs
• Black Flag band - Reference

Read more here: » Black Flag band: Encyclopedia - Black Flag band

Sleep is the regular state of natural rest observed in all mammals, birds and fish. Sleep is not actually "unconsciousness," but rather, it is a natural state of rest characterized by a reduction in voluntary body movement and decreased awareness of the surroundings. Therefore, since consciousness is literally the awareness of the surroundings, being asleep is just an altered state of consciousness, as opposed to being unconscious. It is heavily influenced by circadian rhythms, and by hormonal and environmental factors as well. Sleep ...

Including:

• Sleep - Sleep physiology
• Sleep - Methodology
• Sleep - Sleep regulation
• Sleep - Stages of sleep
• Sleep - Theories regarding the function of sleep
• Sleep - Dreaming
• Sleep - Sleep deprivation
• Sleep - Sleep disorders
• Sleep - Animal sleep
• Sleep - Approaches to sleeping better
• Sleep - Drugs and sleep
• Sleep - Sleep aiding
• Sleep - Stimulant drugs

Read more here: » Sleep: Encyclopedia - Sleep

The Republic of Bolivia is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil on the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina on the south, and Chile and Peru on the west. Bolivia - History. Main article: History of Bolivia Bolivia - Pre-colonial period. The Andean region probably has been inhabited for some 5,000 years. Beginning about the 2nd century B.C., the Tiwanaku culture developed at the southern end of Lake Titicaca. This culture, center ...

Including:

• Bolivia - History
• Bolivia - Pre-colonial period
• Bolivia - Colonial period
• Bolivia - The Republic and economic instability 1809
• Bolivia - Rise of the Nationalist Revolutionary Movement 1951
• Bolivia - Military governments: García Meza and Siles Zuazo 1978
• Bolivia - Sánchez de Lozada and Banzer: Liberalizing the economy 1993
• Bolivia - Social Crisis and the nationalization of hydrocarbon resources 2000-2005
• Bolivia - Evo Morales Movement toward Socialism
• Bolivia - Politics
• Bolivia - Administrative Division
• Bolivia - Geography
• Bolivia - Economy
• Bolivia - Demographics
• Bolivia - Culture
• Bolivia - Literature
• Bolivia - Footnotes

Read more here: » Bolivia: Encyclopedia - Bolivia