Clermont-Ferrand

2 Population sans doubles comptes, i.e. not counting those people already counted in another commune (such as students and military personal). Clermont-Ferrand is a city and commune of France, in the Auvergne région, with a population of approximately 140,000. It is the préfecture (capital) of the Puy-de-Dôme département. It sits on the plain of Limagne in the Massif Central and is surrounded by a major industrial area. The city is famous for the chain of volcanoe ...

Including:

• Clermont-Ferrand - History
• Clermont-Ferrand - Sights
• Clermont-Ferrand - Economy
• Clermont-Ferrand - Miscellaneous
• Clermont-Ferrand - Births
• Clermont-Ferrand - Twin towns

Read more here: » Clermont-Ferrand: Encyclopedia - Clermont-Ferrand

Clermont ranks among the oldest cities of France. The first known mention was by the Greek geographer Strabo. The city was at that time called Nemessos—a Gaulish word for a sacred forest. It witnessed the famous Battle of Gergovia won by the Gauls led by Vercingetorix over the Romans led by Julius Caesar, in 52 BC. After the Roman conquest, the city was called Augustonemetum, a name which combined its original Gallic name with that of the Emperor Augustus. Its population was estimated at 15,000–30,000 inhabitants in the 2nd century, making ...

See also:

Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand - History, Clermont-Ferrand - Sights, Clermont-Ferrand - Economy, Clermont-Ferrand - Miscellaneous, Clermont-Ferrand - Births, Clermont-Ferrand - Twin towns

Read more here: » Clermont-Ferrand: Encyclopedia II - Clermont-Ferrand - History

Raelian

Raelians are members of a UFO group that follow Claude Vorilhon, a Frenchman who calls himself Rael. He claims that on December 13, 1973, he was in a volcano near Clermont-Ferrand, France, when he saw a UFO. He says a radiant being emerged and entrusted him with a message revealing the true origin of mankind. They told him that henceforth he would be known as Rael, which means "messenger. " His followers consider him to be "the prophet of the third millennium. " Rael expects is followers to support him. A 10% tithe is the norm. His followers believe he was taken to the planet of the Elohim in a flying saucer in 1975, where he was introduced to noted spiritual teachers of Earth, such as Jesus, Buddha, Joseph Smith and Confucius.

The Elohim, small human-shaped beings with pale green skin and almond eyes, were apparently the original inspiration for the Judeo-Christian God. They informed Vorilhon that he is the final prophet - sent to relay a message of peace and sensual meditation to humankind under his new name of Rael - before the Elohim will return to Jerusalem in 2025. Rael claims that the human race was created from the DNA of aliens some 25,000 years ago. (In fact, all life on earth was created in alien laboratories. )

Among other things, Rael has also learned that cloning is the way to immortality and there is no God or soul. According to Rael, our alien creators want us to be beautiful and sexy and enjoy a sensuous life, free from the restrictions of traditional Judeo-Christian morality. The Raelian headquarters are in Montreal but the group is international and claims to have some 50,000 members in 85 countries.

(See also: Raelian , New Age Spirituality, Body Mind and Soul)

Anusim (Hebrew, forced ones) is a term describing persons unwillingly converted from Judaism to another religion. Instances of forced conversion occur throughout Christian history which include the baptism of the Jewish community of Clermont-Ferrand, France in 570 AD, the compulsory conversions throughout the Rhineland in the tenth century, and the Conversos or Marranos (New Christians) of Spain and Portugal. When such events occurred, the Jewish converts tried retaining their heritage by attempting in secret to teach the child

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André Weil (May 6, 1906 - August 6, 1998) was one of the great mathematicians of the 20th century. He is known for his foundational work in number theory and algebraic geometry. He was a founding member, and de facto the early leader, of the influential Bourbaki group. The philosopher Simone Weil was his sister. André Weil - Life. Born in Paris to Alsatian parents who fled the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany, he studied in Paris, Rome and Göttingen and received his doctorate in 1928. He s ...

Including:

• André Weil - Life
• André Weil - Work
• André Weil - Books
• André Weil - External link
• André Weil - Bibliography

Read more here: » André Weil: Encyclopedia - André Weil

Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (IPA: /pjɛʀ tejaʀ də ʃaʀdɛ̃/; May 1, 1881 – April 10, 1955), a Jesuit priest trained as a palaeontologist and a philosopher, was present at the discovery of Peking Man. Teilhard de Chardin popularized such ideas as the Omega Point and the Noosphere. In setting forth this sweeping account of the unfolding of the material cosmos, he abandoned the literal interpretation of the two different accounts of creation in the Book of Genesis, in fav ...

Including:

• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Biography
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Early years
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Jesuit training
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Paleontology
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - War service
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - China
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - World travels
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Death
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Controversy with Church officials
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Teachings
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Teilhard in popular culture
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin - Bibliography

Read more here: » Pierre Teilhard de Chardin: Encyclopedia - Pierre Teilhard de Chardin

1 See Languages section for regional languages 2 Whole territory of the French Republic, including all the overseas departments and territories, but excluding the French territory of Terre Adélie in Antarctica where sovereignty is suspended since the signing of the Antarctic Treaty in 1959 3 Metropolitan (i.e. European) France only 4 French National Geographic Institute data 5 French Land Register data, which exclude lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than ...

Including:

• France - Geography
• France - History
• France - Government and politics
• France - Military
• France - Administrative divisions
• France - Economy
• France - Demographics
• France - Population
• France - Languages
• France - Cities
• France - Culture
• France - Marianne
• France - Religion
• France - Terminology
• France - Origin of the country's name
• France - Meanings of the name France
• France - Miscellaneous topics
• France - International rankings
• France - Notes and references

Read more here: » France: Encyclopedia - France

The Arverni were a Gallic tribe that inhabited the present-day region of Lyons, France. They gave their name to the French region of Auvergne. The Arveni were a very powerful tribe living in the Auvergne, with their most important stronghold being Gergovia (somewhere near Clermont-Ferrand). They had been the most powerful Gallic tribe in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC under their king, Luernios, but when his son Bituitus was defeated by the Romans in 123BC and the Roman ‘Provincia’ (that is the origin of the French word "Provence") established, the ...

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The 2005 civil unrest in France and neighboring countries was a series of riots and other forms of violent clashes between gangs of youths (predominantly of immigration background) and the French Police (as well as the police of neighboring countries). The riots, occurring simultaneously in various poor suburbs of large cities, mainly involved the burning of cars and public buildings as well as consequent clashes with police. The riots began on Thursday 27 October 2005 in the banlieues of Paris. They peaked on the night ...

Including:

• 2005 civil unrest in France - Timeline
• 2005 civil unrest in France - The event that triggered the riots
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Context
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Assessment of rioting
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Summary statistics
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Figures and tables
• 2005 civil unrest in France - List of areas affected
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Related events in other countries
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Response
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Political
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Police
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Media Coverage
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Aftermath
• 2005 civil unrest in France - Notes

Read more here: » 2005 civil unrest in France: Encyclopedia - 2005 civil unrest in France

Clermont is the name of several places in the United States of America: Clermont, Florida Clermont, Georgia Clermont, Indiana Clermont, Iowa Clermont, New York Clermont Manor, home of Robert Livingston (1688-1775) Clermont County, Ohio Clermont is the name of several communes in France: Clermont, in the Ariège département Clermont, in the Haute-Savoie département Clermont, in the Landes département Clermont, sous-préfec ...

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Vichy France, or the Vichy regime was the de facto French government of 1940-1944 during the Nazi Germany occupation of World War II. Now known in French as the Régime de Vichy or Vichy, during its existence it referred to itself as L'État Français (The French State). Vichy France was established after France surrendered to Germany in 1940, and took its name from the government's capital in Vichy, southeast of Paris near Clermont-Ferrand. While officially neutral in the war, it was essentia ...

Including:

• Vichy France - The fall of France and the establishment of the Vichy regime
• Vichy France - Decision to seek armistice
• Vichy France - Conditions of armistice
• Vichy France - Formal end of the Third Republic
• Vichy France - Vichy composition and policies
• Vichy France - Fascist paramilitaries
• Vichy France - Implementation of Nazi racial anti-Semitic laws
• Vichy France - Contribution of French fascists
• Vichy France - Relationships with the Allied powers
• Vichy France - Creation of Free France
• Vichy France - Tensions with Britain in Syria Madagascar
• Vichy France - German invasion November 1942
• Vichy France - Independence of the S.O.L
• Vichy France - Liberation of France and aftermath
• Vichy France - Bibliography

Read more here: » Vichy France: Encyclopedia - Vichy France

Valéry Marie René Giscard d'Estaing, de l'Académie française (born February 2, 1926 in Koblenz, Germany) is a French center-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981. His tenure as President was marked by his attempts to modernize his country and his office, notably launching such far-reaching infrastucture projects as the high-speed TGV train and France's reliance on nuclear power as its main energy source. However, the economic downturn that followed the end of the "thirty glorious yea ...

Including:

• Valéry Giscard d'Estaing - Biography
• Valéry Giscard d'Estaing - Presidency
• Valéry Giscard d'Estaing - Later career
• Valéry Giscard d'Estaing - European activities
• Valéry Giscard d'Estaing - Personal

Read more here: » Valéry Giscard d'Estaing: Encyclopedia - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing

Cathedrals are among the most ambitious buildings ever conceived, far exceeding the size and complexity of most other constructions and often requiring many years to complete. This article describes some of the elements of cathedral architecture and how these elements have varied from place to place and time to time. Romanesque and Gothic cathedral architecture is laid out upon some conventional ground plans, which are discussed at Cathedral diagram. Consult the articles in the See also section (be ...

Including:

• Cathedral architecture - Differences with smaller churches
• Cathedral architecture - Basic elements
• Cathedral architecture - Chevets
• Cathedral architecture - Monster and human forms in Cathedral architecture

Read more here: » Cathedral architecture: Encyclopedia - Cathedral architecture

Raël (born Claude Vorilhon on September 30, 1946) is the founder and spiritual guide of the Raelian Movement. He was born in Vichy, Allier, France. Before founding the Raelian Movement, Vorilhon was a sports journalist and a singer. He founded his own car racing magazine, Auto Pop. Vorilhon and his wife divorced in 1985. He was depicted as the typical AOL user in MAXIMUM PC's June 2005 issue. (p. 17) Rael Miller also shares this name and has been linked to a romantic and intimate relationship with Rael; the leade ...

Including:

• Raël - Revelation
• Raël - Career in the arts and sport
• Raël - Bibliography
• Raël - Articles And Related Information On Cults And Cult Leaders
• Raël - Footnote

Read more here: » Raël: Encyclopedia - Raël

Henri-Louis Bergson (October 18, 1859 – January 4, 1941) was a French philosopher, influential in France, but out of the main currents of his time. Henri Bergson - Four principal works. He was born in Paris in the Rue Lamartine, not far from the Paris Opera. He was descended from a Polish Jewish family (originally Berekson) on his father's side, while his mother was from an English and Irish Jewish background. His family lived in London for a few years after his birth, and he obtained an early fami ...

Including:

• Henri Bergson - Four principal works
• Henri Bergson - Education and career
• Henri Bergson - Relationship with James and pragmatism
• Henri Bergson - The lectures on change and Bergson's later life
• Henri Bergson - Monty Python reference
• Henri Bergson - Bibliography

Read more here: » Henri Bergson: Encyclopedia - Henri Bergson

Bordeaux (pronunciation ▶ (help·info); Bordèu in Gascon) is a port city in the south-west of France, with 925,253 inhabitants in the metropolitan area at the 1999 census. It is the capital of the Aquitaine région, as well as the préfecture (administrative capital) of the Gironde départementIncluding:

• Bordeaux - Geography
• Bordeaux - Demographics
• Bordeaux - History
• Bordeaux - Wine
• Bordeaux - University City
• Bordeaux - An Architectural Jewel
• Bordeaux - Transportation
• Bordeaux - Miscellaneous
• Bordeaux - Births
• Bordeaux - Sports

Read more here: » Bordeaux: Encyclopedia - Bordeaux

The Battle of Gergovia took place in 52 BC at Gergovia (modern Gergovie), France The battle was fought between a Roman Republic army, led by proconsul Julius Caesar, and Gallic forces led by Vercingetorix. The Gauls won the battle. Gergovia was the chief town of the Arverni, and was situated on a hill in Auvergne, about eight miles from the Puy de Dome. Some walls and earthworks seem still to survive from this period. Later, when Gaul had been subdued, the place was dismantled and its Gaulish inhabitants resettled four miles away in the plain at the new Roman ...

Read more here: » Battle of Gergovia: Encyclopedia - Battle of Gergovia

Auvergne (Occitan: Auvèrnha) was the name of an historically independent county in the center of France, as well as later a province of France. It is the name of the geographical and cultural area that corresponds to the former province. The traditional capital of the province of Auvergne was Riom. Today, the whole of the province of Auvergne is contained inside the administrative région of Auvergne, a région which also includes provinces and territories that were not part of Auvergne historically. The c ...

Including:

• Auvergne province - History
• Auvergne province - Geography
• Auvergne province - Economy
• Auvergne province - Culture

Read more here: » Auvergne province: Encyclopedia - Auvergne province

Raëlism is the belief system promoted by the Raëlian Movement, a quasi-religious organization which believes that scientifically advanced extraterrestrials known as the Elohim (taken from the Hebrew texts of the Christian Bible and the Torah and usually translated into God in English but translated by those who came from the sky in the Raëlian message) created life on Earth through genetic engineering, and that a combination of human cloning and "mind transfer" can ultimately provide immortality. Raëlism is a new religious movement and has been perc ...

Including:

• Raëlism - The Elohim
• Raëlism - Immortality through science?
• Raëlism - Confusion about human cloning
• Raëlism - Confusion about reincarnation
• Raëlism - Order of Angels
• Raëlism - Geniocracy
• Raëlism - Criticism and the Allegation of being a Cult
• Raëlism - Related Religious Movements

Read more here: » Raëlism: Encyclopedia - Raëlism

Aberdeen (Scottish Gaelic: Obar Dheathain or The Granite City) is Scotland's third largest city, with a population of 212,125, and the greatest part of the unitary council area named the City of Aberdeen, which is surrounded by, but not within, the Aberdeenshire council area. Aberdeen is the chief commercial centre and seaport in the north-east of Scotland. It boasts the title of Oil Capital of Europe thanks to the plentiful supply of crude oil in the North Sea, and stands on a bay of the North Sea, between ...

Including:

• Aberdeen - Coat of Arms and Motto
• Aberdeen - History
• Aberdeen - Background
• Aberdeen - Art and architecture
• Aberdeen - Churches
• Aberdeen - Education
• Aberdeen - Culture
• Aberdeen - Parks and open spaces
• Aberdeen - Statues
• Aberdeen - Bridges
• Aberdeen - Harbour
• Aberdeen - Industry
• Aberdeen - Population
• Aberdeen - Sport
• Aberdeen - Transport
• Aberdeen - Twinned cities worldwide

Read more here: » Aberdeen: Encyclopedia - Aberdeen