circumvallation - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare
Trench warfare is a form of war in which both opposing armies have static lines of fortifications dug into the ground, facing each other....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Contravallation: Encyclopedia - Contravallation
Contravallation is a standard military tactic of siege used in ancient and modern warfare. It is the process of the attacking army buildi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Alesia: Encyclopedia - Battle Of Alesia
The Battle of Alesia or Siege of Alesia was a conflict fought in September 52 BC around the Gallic oppidum of Alesia, a major town centre...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia - Siege
For the Boston area punk band see Siege (band). For the James Mason book see Siege (book) A siege is a prolonged military blockade and a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - First Punic War: Encyclopedia Ii - First Punic War - Aftermath
Rome won the First Punic War after 23 years of conflict and in the end replaced Carthage as the dominant naval power of the Mediterranean...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Alesia: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Alesia - Siege And Battle
Alesia was a hill-top fort surrounded by river valleys, with strong defensive features. As a frontal assault would have been suicidal, Ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia Ii - Siege - Sieges In The Age Of Gunpowder
The introduction of gunpowder and the use of cannons brought about a new age in siege warfare. Cannons were first used in the early 13th ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Agrigentum: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Agrigentum - Siege Of Agrigentum
In 262 BC, the Romans sent a full-scale army to Sicily, commanded by the two consuls Lucius Postumius Megellus and Quintus Mamilius Vitul...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Implementation
Although firearms technology and the conscript army dramatically changed the nature of warfare, most armies were completely unaware of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Implementation
Although firearms technology and the conscript army dramatically changed the nature of warfare, most armies were completely unaware of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Recent Trench Warfare
Trench warfare has been very infrequent since the end of World War I. When two large armoured armies meet, the result has generally been ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - First Punic War: Encyclopedia Ii - First Punic War - Naval Warfare
Due to the difficulty of operating in Sicily, most warfare of the First Punic War was fought at sea, including the most decisive battles....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - First Punic War: Encyclopedia Ii - First Punic War - Land Warfare
As Sicily was a hilly island, with geographical obstacles and a terrain where lines of communication are difficult to maintain, land warf...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Agrigentum: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Agrigentum - Battle Of Agrigentum
With Hanno camped outside their own base, the Roman's line of supply from Syracuse were no longer available. Themselves in the risk of st...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - First Punic War: Encyclopedia Ii - First Punic War - Background
In the middle of the 3rd century BC, the power of Rome was growing. Following centuries of internal rebellions and disturbances, the whol...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Obsolescence
With the withdrawal of Russia from World War I, the Germans were able to reinforce their western front with troops from the eastern front...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Background
Fortification is almost as old as warfare itself; however, because of the relatively small size of the armies and the lack of range of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Death In The Trenches
The intensity of World War I trench warfare meant that about 10% of the fighting soldiers were killed. This compared to 5% killed during ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Weapons Of Trench Warfare
Trench warfare - Infantry weapons. The common infantry soldier had four weapons at his disposal in the trenches: the rifle, bayonet, sh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Life In The Trenches
An individual soldier's time in the front-line trench was usually brief; from as little as one day to as much as two weeks at a time befo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Development
The first development which was critical for trench warfare was the introduction of mass-conscripted armies during the French Revolution ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Mining
All sides would engage in vigorous mining and counter-mining duels. The dry chalk of the Somme was especially suited to mining, but with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Trench Battles
Trench warfare - Strategy. The fundamental strategy of trench warfare was to defend your own position strongly while trying to achieve ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia Ii - Siege - Ancient And Medieval Siege Warfare
Ancient sources contain many stories of siege, such as the siege of Jericho in the Old Testament or the Siege of Troy described by Homer ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Death In The Trenches
The intensity of World War I trench warfare meant that about 10% of the fighting soldiers were killed. This compared to 5% killed during ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Weapons Of Trench Warfare
Trench warfare - Infantry weapons. The common infantry soldier had four weapons at his disposal in the trenches: the rifle, bayonet, sh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Mining
All sides would engage in vigorous mining and counter-mining duels. The dry chalk of the Somme was especially suited to mining, but with ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Life In The Trenches
An individual soldier's time in the front-line trench was usually brief; from as little as one day to as much as two weeks at a time befo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Development
The first development which was critical for trench warfare was the introduction of mass-conscripted armies during the French Revolution ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia Ii - Siege - Police Actions
Despite the overwhelming might of the modern state, siege tactics continue to be employed in police conflicts. This has been due to a num...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Background
Fortification is almost as old as warfare itself; however, because of the relatively small size of the armies and the lack of range of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Obsolescence
With the withdrawal of Russia from World War I, the Germans were able to reinforce their western front with troops from the eastern front...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia Ii - Siege - Modern Warfare
Mainly as a result of the increasing firepower (such as machine guns) available to defensive forces, First World War trench warfare brief...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Trench Battles
Trench warfare - Strategy. Trench warfare was a fundamental game of strategy. The fundamental strategy of trench warfare was to defend ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia Ii - Siege - Mongol Siege Warfare
In the Middle Ages, the Mongol Empire's campaign against China by Genghis Khan and his army was extremely effective, allowing the Mongols...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Alesia: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Alesia - Aftermath
Alesia proved to be the end of generalized and organized resistance to the Roman invasion of Gaul. The country was then subdued, becoming...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Trench Warfare: Encyclopedia Ii - Trench Warfare - Recent Trench Warfare
Trench warfare has been very infrequent since the end of World War I. When two large armoured armies meet, the result has generally been ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Alesia: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Alesia - Prelude
Julius Caesar had been in Gaul since 58 BC. It was customary for consuls, Rome's highest elected officials, at the end of their consular ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Agrigentum: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of Agrigentum - Prelude
In 288 BC, a group of Italian mercenaries, the Mamertines, occupied the city of Messina on the north-eastern tip of Sicily, killing all t...   » Read the article