Cheyne-Stokes respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by periods of breathing with gradually increasing and decreasing tidal volume interspersed with periods of apnea. In cases of increasing intracranial pressure, it is often the first abnormal breathing pattern to appear. The condition was named after John Cheyne and William Stokes, the physicians who first classified it. This is caused by the failure of the respiratory center in the brain to compensate quickly f ...

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Including:

• Breath - Control of Breathing

Read more here: » Breath: Encyclopedia - Breath

Breathing is one of the few bodily functions which, within limits, can be controlled both consciously and unconsciously. Conscious attention to breathing is common in many forms of meditation, specifically anapana. In music, breath is used to play wind and brass musical instruments and many aerophones. Laughter, physically, is simply repeated sharp breaths. Hiccups are another still-mysterious breath-related phenomenon. Specialized centers in the brainstem automatically regulate the rate and depth of breathing depending on the body’ ...

See also:

Breath, Breath - Control of Breathing

Read more here: » Breath: Encyclopedia II - Breath - Control of Breathing

In medicine, hyperventilation (or "hyperpnea") is the state of breathing faster or deeper (hyper) than necessary, and thereby reducing the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood below normal. This causes various symptoms such as numbness or tingling in the hands, feet and lips, lightheadedness, dizziness, headache, chest pain, slurred speech and sometimes fainting. The related symptom tachypnea (or "tachypnoea") (Greek: "rapid breathing") is not identical with hyperventilation - tachypnea may be necessary for a ...

Including:

• Hyperventilation - Causes
• Hyperventilation - Mechanism
• Hyperventilation - Treatment

Read more here: » Hyperventilation: Encyclopedia - Hyperventilation

Death is the cessation of physical life in a living organism, or the state of the organism after that event. Death - Interpretations of death. In almost all societies, death has one or several symbols associated with it. Common symbols of death in Western cultures include the grim reaper and the color black; conversely, in certain Eastern cultures, the color white is considered symbolic of death. The grave is a metonym for death. Biologically, death can occur to wholes, to parts, or to both. For exam ...

Including:

• Death - Interpretations of death
• Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal
• Death - When is a person dead?
• Death - The process of dying
• Death - Cell death
• Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying
• Death - Signs of approaching death
• Death - When death is imminent
• Death - When death occurs
• Death - Causes of death in the United States
• Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002
• Death - What happens to humans after death?
• Death - Physiological consequences of human death
• Death - Settlement of dead human bodies
• Death - Personification of death
• Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia - Death

The main tools of the doctor are the medical history and the physical examination, but this holds particularly true for internal medicine. Subtle descriptions of disease (e.g. cyclic shallow and deep breathing, as in Cheyne-Stokes's respiration, or persistently deep breathing as in Kussmaul's) or physical signs (e.g. clubbing in many internal diseases) are important tools in guiding the diagnostic process. In the medical history, the "Review of Systems" serves to pick up symptoms of disease that a patient might not normally have mentioned, and the ...

See also:

Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of Internal Medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of Diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Principles of Diagnosis

The main tools of the doctor are the medical history and the physical examination, but this holds particularly true for internal medicine. Subtle descriptions of disease (e.g. cyclic shallow and deep breathing, as in Cheyne-Stokes's respiration, or persistently deep breathing as in Kussmaul's) or physical signs (e.g. clubbing in many internal diseases) are important tools in guiding the diagnostic process. In the medical history, the "Review of Systems" serves to pick up symptoms of disease that a patient might not normally have mentioned, and the ...

See also:

Internal medicine, Internal medicine - Definition of an internist, Internal medicine - Subspecialties of internal medicine, Internal medicine - Principles of diagnosis, Internal medicine - Treatment

Read more here: » Internal medicine: Encyclopedia II - Internal medicine - Principles of diagnosis

In normal breathing, both the depth and frequency of breaths is varied by the neural system in order to supply appropriate levels of oxygen to the body's tissues. This is mainly done by measuring the carbon dioxide content of the blood; normally, a high carbon dioxide concentration signals a low oxygen concentration, as we breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide at the same time, and the body's cells use ox ...

See also:

Hyperventilation, Hyperventilation - Causes, Hyperventilation - Mechanism, Hyperventilation - Treatment

Read more here: » Hyperventilation: Encyclopedia II - Hyperventilation - Mechanism

The value of respiratory rate as an indicator of potential respiratory dysfunction has been investigated but findings suggest it is of limited value. One study found that only 33% of people presenting to an emergency department with a oxygen saturation below 90% had an increased respiratory rate. An evaluation of respiratory rate for the differentiation of the severity of illness in babies under 6 months found it not to be very useful. Approximately half of the babies had a respiratory rate above 50 breaths per minute, thereby questioning th ...

See also:

Respiratory rate, Respiratory rate - Measurement, Respiratory rate - Diagnostic value, Respiratory rate - Normal findings, Respiratory rate - Abnormal findings

Read more here: » Respiratory rate: Encyclopedia II - Respiratory rate - Diagnostic value

Death - Cell death. A. Normal cellular function 1. Production of free energy required for vital cellular metabolism 2. Production of enzymatic and structural protein 3. Maintenance of chemical and osmotic homeostasis of cell 4. Cell reproduction B. Needs of cell 1. Oxygen, phosphate, calcium… (C, H, N, O, P, S; pronounced "schnapps") 2. Nutritional substrates 3. ATP – required as a source of free energy 4. Intact cell membranes 5. Steady-state acti ...

See also:

Death, Death - Interpretations of death, Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal, Death - When is a person dead?, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - When death is imminent, Death - When death occurs, Death - Most causal causes of death, Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002, Death - What happens to humans after death?, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - The process of dying

Death - Cell death. A. Normal cellular function 1. Production of free energy required for vital cellular metabolism 2. Production of enzymatic and structural protein 3. Maintenance of chemical and osmotic homeostasis of cell 4. Cell reproduction B. Needs of cell 1. Oxygen, phosphate, calcium… (C, H, N, O, P, S; pronounced "schnapps") 2. Nutritional substrates 3. ATP – required as a source of free energy 4. Intact cell membranes 5. Steady-state acti ...

See also:

Death, Death - Interpretations of death, Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal, Death - When is a person dead?, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - When death is imminent, Death - When death occurs, Death - Causes of death in the United States, Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002, Death - What happens to humans after death?, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - The process of dying

Death - Cell death. A. Normal cellular function 1. Production of free energy required for vital cellular metabolism 2. Production of enzymatic and structural protein 3. Maintenance of chemical and osmotic homeostasis of cell 4. Cell reproduction B. Needs of cell 1. Oxygen, phosphate, calcium… (C, H, N, O, P, S; pronounced "schnapps") 2. Nutritional substrates 3. ATP – required as a source of free energy 4. Intact cell membranes 5. Steady-state acti ...

See also:

Death, Death - Biological death, Death - Criteria of human death, Death - Defining the moment of human death, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - Causes of human death in the US, Death - Consciousness after death, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - The process of dying

Since writing someone's name with a range of years, such as John Doe (1950 - 2000), implies that the subject has died, it would be a faux pas to do this on someone's birthday cake or card. This is unlike an anniversary of something. In China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, thus possibly all Oriental countries, the number 4 is often associated to death due to the sound of the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean words for four and death being similar. For this reason, hospitals and hotels often omit the 4th, 14th, etc. floors. However, ISO ...

See also:

Death, Death - Interpretations of death, Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal, Death - When is a person dead?, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - When death is imminent, Death - When death occurs, Death - Causes of death in the United States, Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002, Death - What happens to humans after death?, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

One of the most damaging aspects of brain trauma and other conditions, directly correlated with poor outcome, is an elevated intracranial pressure (Orlando Regional Healthcare, 2004). ICP cannot go past 40 mmHg in an adult without causing severe harm (Dawodu, 2004). Even intracranial pressures between 25 and 30 mm Hg are usually fatal if prolonged, except in children, who can tolerate higher pressures for longer times (Tolias and Sgouros, 2003). Most commonly due in head injury to intracranial hematoma or cerebral edema, an increase in press ...

See also:

Intracranial pressure, Intracranial pressure - Increased ICP, Intracranial pressure - Results of increased ICP, Intracranial pressure - Monro-Kellie model of ICP, Intracranial pressure - Causes of increased ICP, Intracranial pressure - Signs and symptoms of increased ICP, Intracranial pressure - Treatment of increased ICP, Intracranial pressure - Low ICP

Read more here: » Intracranial pressure: Encyclopedia II - Intracranial pressure - Increased ICP

Since writing someone's name with a range of years, such as John Doe (1950 - 2000), implies that the subject has died, it would be a faux pas to do this on someone's birthday cake or card. This is unlike an anniversary of something. In China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, thus possibly all Oriental countries, the number 4 is often associated to death due to the sound of the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean words for four and death being similar. For this reason, hospitals and hotels often omit the 4th, 14th, etc. floors. However, ISO 3166-2 codes for Japan does have JP-04 for Miyagi Pref ...

See also:

Death, Death - Interpretations of death, Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal, Death - When is a person dead?, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - When death is imminent, Death - When death occurs, Death - Most causal causes of death, Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002, Death - What happens to humans after death?, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

In 2002, there were 1,293,000 intentional abortions in the United States. Some would count these in death statistics. In 2002, in the United States, the top causes of death were: Heart disease: 696,947 Cancer: 557,271 Stroke: 162,672 Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 124,816 Accidents (unintentional injuries): 106,742 Diabetes: 73,249 Influenza/pneumonia: 65,681 Alzheimer's disease: 58,866 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis: 40,974 Septicemia: 33,865 Suicide: 30, ...

See also:

Death, Death - Biological death, Death - Criteria of human death, Death - Defining the moment of human death, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - Causes of human death in the US, Death - Consciousness after death, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Causes of human death in the US

Belief in consciousness after death (e.g. afterlife, underworld, reincarnation, heaven, hell) is common and ancient. This point of view holds conciousness to be more than simply one of the things that brains do. The belief that any and all consciousness ceases to exist at death, and that death itself is ultimately the exact same experience as prior to conception, is also common and ancient. This point of view is that talking of conciousness after death is like talk ...

See also:

Death, Death - Biological death, Death - Criteria of human death, Death - Defining the moment of human death, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - Causes of human death in the US, Death - Consciousness after death, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Consciousness after death

Since writing someone's name with a range of years, such as John Doe (1950 - 2000), implies that the subject has died, it would be a faux pas to do this on someone's birthday cake or card. This is unlike an anniversary of something. In China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, thus possibly all Oriental countries, the number 4 is often associated to death due to the sound of the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean words for four and death being similar. For this reason, hospitals and hotels often omit the 4th, 14th, etc. floors. However, ISO 3166-2 codes for Japan does have JP-04 for Miyagi Pref ...

See also:

Death, Death - Biological death, Death - Criteria of human death, Death - Defining the moment of human death, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - Causes of human death in the US, Death - Consciousness after death, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

In almost all societies, death has one or several symbols associated with it. Common symbols of death in Western cultures include the grim reaper and the color black; conversely, in certain Eastern cultures, the color white is considered symbolic of death. The grave is a metonym for death. Biologically, death can occur to wholes, to parts, or to both. For example, it is possible for individual cells and even organs to die, and yet for the organism as a whole to continue to live; many individual cells live for only a short time, and so most of an organism's cells (except for nerve and muscle) are ...

See also:

Death, Death - Interpretations of death, Death - Criteria of human death: medical religious and legal, Death - When is a person dead?, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes during the process of dying, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - When death is imminent, Death - When death occurs, Death - Causes of death in the United States, Death - Other notable causes of death in the United States 2002, Death - What happens to humans after death?, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Interpretations of death

In 2002, in the United States, the top causes of death were: Heart disease: 696,947 Cancer: 557,271 Stroke: 162,672 Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 124,816 Accidents (unintentional injuries): 106,742 Diabetes: 73,249 Influenza/pneumonia: 65,681 Alzheimer's disease: 58,866 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis: 40,974 Septicemia: 33,865 Suicide: 30,622 Murder: 16,110 Execution: 71 Statistical data from U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Death Penal ...

See also:

Death, Death - Biological death, Death - Criteria of human death, Death - Defining the moment of human death, Death - The process of dying, Death - Cell death, Death - Physiological changes, Death - Signs of approaching death, Death - Causes of human death in the US, Death - Consciousness after death, Death - Physiological consequences of human death, Death - Settlement of dead human bodies, Death - Personification of death, Death - Unwritten customs and superstitions

Read more here: » Death: Encyclopedia II - Death - Causes of human death in the US