Chess is a board game and mental-skill game for two players. It is played on a square board of eight rows (called ranks) and eight columns (called files), giving 64 squares of alternating colour, light and dark, with each player having a light square at the near right corner when facing the board. Each player begins the game with 16 pieces which can move in defined directions (and in some instances, limited range) and can remove other pieces from the board: each player's pieces comprise eight pawns, two knights, two bish ...

Including:

• Chess - Introduction
• Chess - History
• Chess - Gameplay
• Chess - Rules of chess
• Chess - Strategy and tactics
• Chess - Ways to play chess
• Chess - Modern chess
• Chess - Notation
• Chess - Chess and education
• Chess - Computer chess
• Chess - Chess variants
• Chess - Famous chess games
• Chess - History of chess
• Chess - World chess champions
• Chess - Chess literature
• Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

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Chess - Origins of chess. Main article: Origins of chess Many countries claim to have invented the chess game in some incipient form. The most commonly held belief is that chess originated in India, where it was called Chaturanga, which appears to have been invented in the 6th century AD. Although this is commonly believed, it is thought that Persians created a more modern version of the game after the Indians. In fact, the oldest known chess pieces have been found in excavation ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Origins of chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Alternative ways to play chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - History

Main article: Origins of chess Many countries claim to have invented the chess game in some incipient form. The most commonly held belief is that chess originated in India, where it was called Chaturanga, which appears to have been invented in the 6th century AD. Although this is commonly believed, it is thought that Persians created a more modern version of the game after the Indians. In fact, the oldest known chess pieces have been found in excavation ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - History

Chess - Rules of chess. See Rules of chess for some important details not covered here. When a game of chess begins, one player controls the sixteen white pieces while the other uses the sixteen black pieces. The colors are chosen either by a friendly agreement, by a game of chance, or by a tournament director. White always moves first and therefore has a slight advantage over black. The chess pieces should be set up on a standard chessboard with a white squ ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Gameplay

Chess is not a game of chance; it is based solely on tactics and strategy. Nevertheless, the game is so complex that not even the best players can consider all contingencies: although only 64 squares and 32 pieces are on the board, the number of possible games that can be played far exceeds the number of atoms in the universe (see Shannon number). Chess is one of the world's most popular games; it has been described not only as a game but also as an art and a science. Chess is sometimes seen as an abstract wargame; as a "mental martia ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Origins of chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Alternative ways to play chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Introduction

Chess - Rules of chess. Main article: Rules of chess When a game of chess begins, one player controls the sixteen white pieces while the other uses the sixteen black pieces. The colors are chosen either by a friendly agreement, by a game of chance, or by a tournament director. White always moves first and therefore has a slight advantage over black. The chess pieces should be set up on a standard chessboard with a white squ ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Origins of chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Alternative ways to play chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Gameplay

Serious work on machines that play chess has been going on since 1890, and chess-playing computer programs featured prominently in the artificial intelligence boom of the 1950s - 1970s. At first considered only a curiosity, the best chess playing programs — like Shredder, Fritz etc. — have become extremely strong players. In blitz chess, they can beat the best human players; at regular time controls, however, battles between the very best chess programs and the very best human players have been tantalizingly finely balanced. However, it ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Origins of chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Alternative ways to play chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Computer chess

Main article: Computer chess Serious work on machines that play chess has been going on since 1890, and chess-playing computer programs featured prominently in the artificial intelligence boom of the 1950s - 1970s. At first considered only a curiosity, the best chess playing programs — like Shredder, Fritz etc. — have become extremely strong players. In blitz chess, they can beat the best human players; at regular time controls, however, battles between the very best chess programs and the very best human players have been ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Computer chess

Chess is not a game of chance; it is based solely on tactics and strategy. Nevertheless, the game is so complex that not even the best players can consider all contingencies: although only 64 squares and 32 pieces are on the board, the number of possible games that can be played far exceeds the number of atoms in the universe (see Shannon number). Chess is one of the world's most popular games; it has been described not only as a game but also as an art and a science. Chess is sometimes seen as an abstract wargame; as a "mental martia ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Introduction

Early on, the pieces in European chess had limited movement; bishops could only move by jumping exactly two spaces diagonally (similar to the elephant in xiangqi), the queen could move only one space diagonally, pawns could not move two spaces on their first move, and there was no castling. By the end of the 15th century, the modern rules for the basic moves had been adopted from Italy: pawns gained the option of moving two squares on their first move and the en passant capture therewith, bishops acquired their modern move, and the queen was ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Modern chess

There is a flourishing movement to use the game of chess as a tool to aid the intellectual development of young people. Encouraged by the promising results of a number of research studies, school districts and organizations across the globe are implementing chess programs. New York based Chess-In-The-Schools, Inc.,[1]. has been active in the public school system in the city since 1986. They currently reach more than 30,000 students annually. The Americas Foundation for Chess[2] has initiated programs in partnership with local school districts in several US cities, includin ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Chess and education

For more details on this topic, see Chess variant. Chess variants are forms of chess where the game is played with a different board, special fairy pieces or different rules. There are over 1500 unique variants of chess. Bobby Fischer noted the overemphasis on memorizing chess openings in normal chess and invented Fischer Random Chess. Fischer Random Chess and other versions with different starting positions work by scrambling the initial starting position for every game. See the ...

See also:

Chess, Chess - Introduction, Chess - History, Chess - Gameplay, Chess - Rules of chess, Chess - Strategy and tactics, Chess - Ways to play chess, Chess - Modern chess, Chess - Notation, Chess - Chess and education, Chess - Computer chess, Chess - Chess variants, Chess - Famous chess games, Chess - History of chess, Chess - World chess champions, Chess - Chess literature, Chess - Chess in the arts and literature

Read more here: » Chess: Encyclopedia II - Chess - Chess variants