Chemoluminescence - Applications of chemoluminescence

Chemoluminescence (sometimes "chemiluminescence") is the emission of light (luminescence) as the result of a chemical reaction. Most simply, given reactants A and B, with an excited intermediate ◊, we have, [A] + [B] → [◊] → [Products] + light The decay of the excited state[◊] to a lower energy level is responsible for the emission of light. In theory, one photon of light should be given off for each molecule of reactant, or Avogadro's number of photons per mole. In actual practice, non-enzymatic react ...

Including:

• Chemoluminescence - Liquid-phase reactions
• Chemoluminescence - Gas-phase reactions
• Chemoluminescence - Bioluminescence
• Chemoluminescence - ECL
• Chemoluminescence - Applications of chemoluminescence

Read more here: » Chemoluminescence: Encyclopedia - Chemoluminescence

Luminol in an alkaline solution with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron or copper[1], or an auxiliary oxidant[2], produces chemoluminescence. The luminol reaction is luminol + H2O2 → 3-APA[◊] → 3-APA + light The quantum efficiency, QC is 1%. For the laboratory experiment see reference [1] or [2] Cyalume, as used in a lightstick, emits light by chemoluminescence of a fluorescent dye activated by cyalume reacting with hydrogen peroxide in the most efficient non-enzymatic reaction known.[4] cyalume + H2O2 + ...

See also:

Chemoluminescence, Chemoluminescence - Liquid-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Gas-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Bioluminescence, Chemoluminescence - ECL, Chemoluminescence - Applications of chemoluminescence

Read more here: » Chemoluminescence: Encyclopedia II - Chemoluminescence - Liquid-phase reactions

Enzymatic Chemiluminescence (ECL) is a common technique for a variety of detection assays in biology. an horseradish peroxidase molecule (HRP) is tethered to the molecule of interest (usually by immunoglobulin staining). This then locally catalyzes the conversion of the ECL reagent into a sensitized reagent, which on further oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, produces a triplet (excited) carbonyl which emits light when it decays to the singlet carbonyl. The mechanism of ...

See also:

Chemoluminescence, Chemoluminescence - Liquid-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Gas-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Bioluminescence, Chemoluminescence - ECL, Chemoluminescence - Applications of chemoluminescence

Read more here: » Chemoluminescence: Encyclopedia II - Chemoluminescence - ECL

Chemoluminescence takes place in numerous living organisms, the American firefly being a widely studied case of bioluminescence. The firefly reaction has the highest known quantum efficiency, QC of 88%, for chemoluminescence reactions. ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate), the ubiquitous biological energy source, reacts with luciferin with the aid of the enzyme luciferase to yield an intermediate complex. This complex combines with oxygen to produce a highly fluorescent compound. ...

See also:

Chemoluminescence, Chemoluminescence - Liquid-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Gas-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Bioluminescence, Chemoluminescence - ECL, Chemoluminescence - Applications of chemoluminescence

Read more here: » Chemoluminescence: Encyclopedia II - Chemoluminescence - Bioluminescence

One of the oldest known chemoluminescent reactions is that of elemental white phosphorus oxidizing in moist air, producing a green glow. This is actually a gas-phase reaction of phosphorus vapor, above the solid, with oxygen producing excited states (PO)2 and HPO. [4] Another gas phase reaction is the basis of nitric oxide detection in commercial analytic instruments applied to environmental air quality testing. Ozone is combined with nitric oxide to form nitrogen dioxide in an activated state. NO+O< ...

See also:

Chemoluminescence, Chemoluminescence - Liquid-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Gas-phase reactions, Chemoluminescence - Bioluminescence, Chemoluminescence - ECL, Chemoluminescence - Applications of chemoluminescence

Read more here: » Chemoluminescence: Encyclopedia II - Chemoluminescence - Gas-phase reactions