Chemistry (derived from the Arabic word kimia, alchemy, where al is Arabic for the) is the science of matter that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of substances and with the transformations that they undergo. In the study of matter, chemistry also investigates its interactions with energy and itself (see physics, biology). Because of the diversity of matter, which is mostly composed of different combinations of atoms, chemists often study how atoms of different chemical elements interact to fo ...

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The most fundamental concept in chemistry is the law of conservation of mass, which states that there is no detectable change in the quantity of matter during an ordinary chemical reaction. Modern physics shows that it is actually energy that is conserved, and that energy and mass are related; a concept which becomes important in nuclear chemistry. Conservation of energy leads to the important concepts of ...

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Chemistry, Chemistry - Introduction, Chemistry - Chemical phenomena, Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry, Chemistry - Fundamental concepts, Chemistry - Chemical Laws, Chemistry - History of chemistry, Chemistry - Etymology

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The fundamental component of chemistry is that it involves matter in some way (this explains its broad reach). It may involve the interaction of matter with non-material phenomena such as energy. More central to chemistry is the interaction of one substance with another such as in the classic chemical reaction where one substance is transformed into another; or with electromagnetic radiation (as in photochemistry). The class of scientists who profess chemistry are known as chemists. According to the contemporary chemistry, almost all ...

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Chemistry, Chemistry - Introduction, Chemistry - Chemical phenomena, Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry, Chemistry - Fundamental concepts, Chemistry - Chemical Laws, Chemistry - History of chemistry, Chemistry - Etymology

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Main article: Etymology of chemistry The Etymology of the word chemistry goes back to the old French alkemie; or the Arabic al-kimia: the art of transformation. ...

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Chemistry, Chemistry - Introduction, Chemistry - Chemical phenomena, Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry, Chemistry - Fundamental concepts, Chemistry - Chemical Laws, Chemistry - History of chemistry, Chemistry - Etymology

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Main article: History of chemistry The roots of chemistry can be traced to the phenomenon of burning. Fire was a mystical force that transformed one substance into another and thus was of primary interest to mankind. It was fire that led to the discovery of iron and glass. After gold was discovered and became a precious metal, many people were interested to find a method that could convert other substances into gold. This led to the protoscience called Alchemy. Alchemists discovered many chemical processes that led to the devel ...

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Chemistry, Chemistry - Introduction, Chemistry - Chemical phenomena, Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry, Chemistry - Fundamental concepts, Chemistry - Chemical Laws, Chemistry - History of chemistry, Chemistry - Etymology

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Nomenclature Main article: IUPAC nomenclature Nomenclature refers to the system for naming chemical compounds. There are well-defined systems in place for naming chemical species. Organic compounds are named according to the organic nomenclature system. Inorganic compounds are named according to the inorganic nomenclature system. Atoms Main article: Atom An atom is a collection of matter consisting of a positively charged core (the nucleus) which contains protons and neutrons, and which maintains a number of electrons to balance the posi ...

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Chemistry, Chemistry - Introduction, Chemistry - Chemical phenomena, Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry, Chemistry - Fundamental concepts, Chemistry - Chemical Laws, Chemistry - History of chemistry, Chemistry - Etymology

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Chemistry typically is divided into several major sub-disciplines. There are also several main cross-disciplinary and more specialized fields of chemistry. Analytical chemistry is the analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their chemical composition and structure. Analytical chemistry incorporates standardized experimental methods in chemistry. These methods may be used in all subdiciplines of chemistry, excluding purely theoretical chemistry. Biochemistry is the study of the chemicals, chem ...

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Chemistry, Chemistry - Introduction, Chemistry - Chemical phenomena, Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry, Chemistry - Fundamental concepts, Chemistry - Chemical Laws, Chemistry - History of chemistry, Chemistry - Etymology

Read more here: » Chemistry: Encyclopedia II - Chemistry - Subdisciplines of chemistry