Encyclopedia - Chatti: Encyclopedia - Chatti
The Chatti (also Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe settled in central and northern Hesse and southern Lower Saxony, along the upper r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Arminius: Encyclopedia - Arminius
Arminius (16 BC-AD 21), in Germany also frequently called Hermann der Cherusker, was a war chief of the Germanic tribe of the Cherusci. B...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia - Odin
Odin is considered the highest god in Norse mythology and Norse paganism. His role, like many of the Norse pantheon, is complex: he is go...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Büraburg: Encyclopedia - Büraburg
Büraburg, a prominent hill with historic significance, overlooking the Eder river near the town of Fritzlar in northern Hesse. In 723 A....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alamanni: Encyclopedia - Alamanni
The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were an alliance of warbands formed from Germanic tribes, first mentioned by Dio Cassius when they f...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest: Encyclopedia - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest
In the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (A.D. 9), an alliance of Germanic tribes led by Arminius (since the 16th century known in German as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thor's Oak: Encyclopedia Ii - Thor's Oak - History
In 723, the Anglo-Saxon missionary Winfrid -- later called St. Boniface, Apostle of the Germans -- arrived in the area in his quest to co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kassel: Encyclopedia Ii - Kassel - History
The city's name is derived from the ancient Castellum Cattorum, a castle of the Chatti, a German tribe that has lived in the area since R...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - Holy Roman Empire
Main article: Holy Roman Empire. History of Germany - Middle Ages. From 772 to 814 king Charlemagne extended the Carolingian empire int...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franks: Encyclopedia Ii - Franks - The Carolingians
The Carolingian kingship traditionally begins with the deposition of the last Merovingian king, with papal assent, and the accession in 7...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - History
The state now known as Germany was unified as a modern nation-state only in 1871, when the German Empire, dominated by the Kingdom of Pru...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Characteristics
Odin is an ambivalent deity; Old Norse (Viking Age) connotations of Odin lie with "poetry, inspiration" as well as with "fury, madness": ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pliny The Elder: Encyclopedia Ii - Pliny The Elder - Chronology
Before 35 (N.H. xxxvii.81) his father took him to Rome, where he was educated under his father's friend, the poet and military comma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - History
The state now known as Germany was unified as a modern nation-state only in 1871, when the German Empire, dominated by the Kingdom of Pru...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - History
The state now known as Germany was unified as a modern nation-state only in 1871, when the German Empire, dominated by the Kingdom of Pru...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - History
The state now known as Germany was unified as a modern nation-state only in 1871, when the German Empire, dominated by the Kingdom of Pru...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Batavii: Encyclopedia Ii - Batavii - Location
They were mentioned by Julius Caesar in his commentary Gallic Wars, as living on an island formed by the Meuse River after it is joined b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lugus: Encyclopedia Ii - Lugus - Gaulish Mercury
Julius Caesar in his De Bello Gallico identified six gods worshipped in Gaul, giving the names of their nearest Roman equivalents rather ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Subnational Name Etymologies: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Subnational Name Etymologies - India
The element Pradesh appears in the names of many Indian states. It means "land" or "province" in Sanskrit. Andhra Pradesh: Land of the A...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franks: Encyclopedia Ii - Franks - The Frankish Empire
Franks - Foundation. In 355–358, the later Emperor Julian once again found the shipping lanes on the Rhine under control of the Frank...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saxon Wars: Encyclopedia Ii - Saxon Wars - First Phase
The wars began with a Frankish invasion of Saxon territory and the subjugation of the Engrians and destruction of their sacred symbol Irm...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Germanic Peoples: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Germanic Peoples - Ancient
Precautionary Note: These ethnic names were culled from a variety of ancient and mediaeval sources dating from the middle of the 1st mil...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest - The Defeat Of Varus
The Roman force was led by Publius Quinctilius Varus, a noble from an old family, a diplomat who had been named the governor of the new p...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Etymology
The attested forms of the theonym are traditionally derived from Proto-Germanic *Wōđanaz[1] (in Old Norse word-initial *w- was dropped ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Worship
Details of the Migration period of Germanic religion are sketchy, reconstructed from artefacts, sparse contemporary sources, and later th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alamanni: Encyclopedia Ii - Alamanni - Conflicts With The Roman Empire
The Alamanni were continually engaged in conflicts with the Roman Empire. They launched a major invasion of Gaul and northern Italy in 26...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Domitian: Encyclopedia Ii - Domitian - Emperor
As an administrator, Domitian soon proved to be a disaster. The economy first came to a halt and then went into recession, forcing him to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nero Claudius Drusus: Encyclopedia Ii - Nero Claudius Drusus - Marriage
Drusus married Antonia Minor, the daughter of Mark Antony and Augustus's sister, Octavia, and gained a reputation of being completely fai...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Blót
It is attested in primary sources that sacrifices were made to Odin during blóts. Adam of Bremen relates that every ninth year, people a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Shamanic Traits
The goddess Freya is described as an adept of the mysteries of seid (shamanism), a völva, and it is said that it was she who initiated O...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Geography
Germany - Federal States Bundesländer. Main articles: States of Germany, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [ ... See also:Germany, Ge...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Economy
Germany is the largest European economy and the fifth largest economy in the world measured by gross domestic product purchasing power pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Odin And Mercury
Less is known about the role of Odin as receiver of the dead among the more southern Germanic tribes. The Roman historian Tacitus probabl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Worship
Details of the Migration period of Germanic religion are sketchy, reconstructed from artefacts, sparse contemporary sources, and later th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Edda
According to the Prose Edda, Odin was a son of Bestla and Borr and brother of Vé and Vili and together with these brothers he cast down ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Politics
Germany - Legal system. Main articles: Judiciary of Germany, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Revivals
With the Romantic Viking revival of the early-to-mid 19th century, Odin's popularity increased again. Wotan is a lead character in Richar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Medieval Reception
As the chief god of the Germanic pantheon, Odin received particular attention from the early missionaries. For example, his day is the on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Viking Age
Scandinavian Óðinn emerged from Proto-Norse *Wōdin during the Migration period, Vendel artwork (bracteates, image stones) depicting th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wodanaz: Encyclopedia Ii - Wodanaz - Migration Period
The Anglo-Saxon tribes brought their pagan faith to England around the 5th and 6th centuries and continued in that form of worship until ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Society
Germany - Demographics. Main articles: Demographics of Germany, and [[]], and [[]], and [[]]   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Seid
The goddess Freyja is described as an adept of the mysteries of seid (shamanism), a völva, and it is said that it was she who initiated ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Society
Germany - Demographics. Main article: Demographics of Germany Due to the country's federal and decentralized structure Germany has a ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Economy
Germany is the largest European economy and the fifth largest economy in the world measured by gross domestic product purchasing power pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Transportation
Due to its central situation in Europe a very high traffic volume exists in Germany. In particular for the goods traffic it represents an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Society
Germany - Demographics. Main article: Demographics of Germany Due to the country's federal and decentralized structure Germany has a ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Modern Age
Odin - Modern popular culture. Main article: Odin in popular culture With the Romantic Viking revival of the early-to-mid 19th centur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Geography
Germany - Federal States Länder. Main article: States of Germany Germany is divided into sixteen federal states (in German called L�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Politics
Germany - Legal system. Main article: Judiciary of Germany Germany has a civil or statute law system based ultimately on Roman law. L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Saxon Wars: Encyclopedia Ii - Saxon Wars - Final Phase
In 792, the Westphalians rose up against their masters in response to forcible recruitment for wars against the Avars. The Eastphalians a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Origins
Worship of Odin dates to Proto-Germanic paganism. The Roman historian Tacitus probably refers to Odin when he talks of Mercury. The reaso...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Persisting Beliefs In Odin
Snorri Sturluson's record of the Edda is striking evidence of the climate of religious tolerance in medieval Iceland, but even he feels c...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Odin And Jesus
The 13th century eddaic account of Odin likely contains some Christian elements. The scene where Odin hangs from a tree as a sacrifice to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franks: Encyclopedia Ii - Franks - The Earliest Records Of The Franks
The earliest Frankish history remains relatively unclear. Our main source, the Gallo-Roman chronicler Gregory of Tours, whose Historia Fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pliny The Elder: Encyclopedia Ii - Pliny The Elder - Research After 1500
Sir Thomas Browne expressed a wholesome skepticism about Pliny's dependability in his Pseudodoxia Epidemica (1646): "Now what is very st...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest - The Detmold Memorial
The legacy of the Germanic victory was resurrected with the recovery of the histories of Tacitus in the 15th century, when the figure of ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest - Aftermath
Though the shock of the slaughter was enormous, the Romans did not give up their plans to subdue the German tribes during the next years....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alamanni: Encyclopedia Ii - Alamanni - Christianization
Christianization of the Alamanni took place during Merovingian times (6th to 8th centuries). Sources are sparse, but in the mid-6th centu...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest: Encyclopedia Ii - Battle Of The Teutoburg Forest - Site Of The Battle
For almost 2,000 years, no one knew for certain where the battle took place. The main hint as to its location was an allusion to the salt...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Domitian: Encyclopedia Ii - Domitian - Early Life
Domitian was born in Rome while his father was still a politician and military commander. He received the education of a young man of the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Geography
Germany - States Länder. Germany is divided into sixteen federal states (in German called Länder, singular Land; though more commonly...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Politics
Germany - Legal system. Germany has a civil or statute law system based ultimately on Roman law. Legislative power is divided between t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Domitian: Encyclopedia Ii - Domitian - Domitian And Early Christianity
For scholars, it is difficult to uncover Domitian's exact policy towards the developing Christian community. Many people believe that he ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alamanni: Encyclopedia Ii - Alamanni - List Of Alamannic Rulers
Kings Chrocus 306 Mederich (father of Agenarich, brother to Chnodomar) Chnodomar 350, 357 Vestralp 357, 359 Ur 357, 359 Agenarich (Serap...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alamanni: Encyclopedia Ii - Alamanni - Alamanni And Franks
The kingdom (or duchy) of Alamannia between Strasbourg and Augsburg lasted until 496, when the Alamanni were conquered by Clovis I at the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Odin And Mercury
Less is known about the role of Odin as receiver of the dead among the more southern Germanic tribes. The Roman historian Tacitus probabl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - General Characteristics
For the Norse people, Odin's name was synonymous with battle and warfare, for he appears throughout their myths as the bringer of victory...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Etymology
The attested forms of the theonym are traditionally derived from Proto-Germanic *Wōđanaz[1] (in Old Norse word-initial *w- was dropped ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Eddaic Odin
According to the Prose Edda, Odin was a son of Bestla and Borr and brother of Vé and Vili and together with these brothers he cast down ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Anglo-saxon Woden
The Anglo-Saxon tribes brought Woden to England around the 5th and 6th centuries, continuing his worship until conversion to Christianity...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Modern Age
With the Romantic Viking revival of the early-to-mid 19th century, Odin's popularity increased again. Wotan is a lead character in Richar...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Odin: Encyclopedia Ii - Odin - Medieval Reception
As the chief god of the Germanic pantheon, Odin received particular attention from the early missionaries. For example, his day is the on...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Economy
Germany is the largest European economy and the fifth largest economy in the world measured by gross domestic product purchasing power pa...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Society
Germany - Demographics. Due to the country's federal and decentralized structure Germany has a number of larger cities. The most populo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lugus: Encyclopedia Ii - Lugus - Etymology
Lugus's name has been interpreted as deriving from the Indo-European root *leuk-, light, and he has long been considered a sun god. This ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kassel: Encyclopedia Ii - Kassel - Sights
Due to the destruction of 1943, the city was almost completely rebuilt in the 1950s. Hence there are very few old buildings in the centre...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - Germany Since 1945
For details, see the main History of Germany since 1945 article. Germans frequently refer to 1945 as the Stunde Null (zero hour) to descr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lugus: Encyclopedia Ii - Lugus - Survival Of The Name In Toponyms
His name was commemorated in numerous place-names, such as Lugdunum (Celtic *Lugdunon or *Lugudunon, "fort of Lugus"; modern Lyon, France...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pliny The Elder: Encyclopedia Ii - Pliny The Elder - Vesuvius
Soon afterwards he received from Vespasian the appointment of praefect of the Roman fleet at Misenum. On August 24, 79 he was stationed a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Geography
Germany - Federal States Länder. Main article: States of Germany Germany is divided into sixteen federal states (in German called L�...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Politics
Germany - Legal system. Main article: Judiciary of Germany Germany has a civil or statute law system based ultimately on Roman law. L...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Pliny The Elder: Encyclopedia Ii - Pliny The Elder - Literature
At the conclusion of his literary labours, as the only Roman who had ever taken for his theme the whole realm of nature, he prays for the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - Third Reich
Main articles: Nazi Germany, Holocaust, World War II History of Germany - Nazi revolution or 'Seizure of Power'. In order to secure a m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - Weimar Republic
Main article: Weimar Republic On 28 June 1919 the Treaty of Versailles was signed. Germany was to cede Alsace-Lorraine, Eupen-Malmédy, N...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franks: Encyclopedia Ii - Franks - The Merovingians
The reigns of earlier Frankish chieftains – Pharamond (about 419 until about 427) and Clodio (Chlodio) (about 427 until about 447) – ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franks: Encyclopedia Ii - Franks - Foundation Of The Frankish Kingdom
In 355–358, the later Emperor Julian once again found the shipping lanes on the Rhine under control of the Franks and again pacified th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Franks: Encyclopedia Ii - Franks - The Earliest Records Of The Franks
The earliest Frankish history remains relatively unclear. Our main source, the Gallo-Roman chronicler Gregory of Tours, whose Historia Fr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - The Germans And The Romans
See also: Germanic tribes, Confederations of Germanic Tribes, Germania, Germania Inferior, Germania Superior Between 800 and 70 BC the Ge...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - German Confederation
History of Germany - Restoration and Revolution. Main articles: German Confederation, The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states Afte...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - German Empire
Main article: German Empire History of Germany - Age of Bismarck. Differences between France and Prussia over the accession to the Span...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Germany - North German Confederation
Main article: North German Confederation In 1867 the German Confederation was dissolved. In its place the North German Confederation (Ger...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - Germany - Economy
Germany is the largest European economy and the fifth largest economy in the world measured by gross domestic product purchasing power pa...   » Read the article