Chantal Mouffe

Cultural hegemony is the concept that a diverse culture can be ruled or dominated by one group or class, that everyday practices and shared beliefs provide the foundation for complex systems of domination. The analysis of hegemony (or "rule") was formulated by Antonio Gramsci to explain why predicted communist revolutions had not occurred where they were most expected, in industrialized Europe. Marx and his followers had advanced the theory that the rise of industrial capitalism would create a huge working class and cyclical ec ...

Including:

• Cultural hegemony - Criticism

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Antonio Gramsci (January 22, 1891 – April 27, 1937) was an Italian writer, politician, leader and theorist of Socialism, Communism and Anti-Fascism. Antonio Gramsci - Life. Gramsci was born in Ales, Italy, on the island of Sardinia, a relatively remote region of Italy that was mostly ignored by the Italian government in favor of the industrialized North. He was the fourth of seven sons of Francesco Gramsci. His father's family was Arbëreshë and probably the family name was related to Gramsh, an Albanian ...

Including:

• Antonio Gramsci - Life
• Antonio Gramsci - Thought
• Antonio Gramsci - Hegemony
• Antonio Gramsci - Intellectuals and Education
• Antonio Gramsci - State and Civil Society
• Antonio Gramsci - Historicism
• Antonio Gramsci - Critique of 'Economism'
• Antonio Gramsci - Critique of Materialism
• Antonio Gramsci - Influence
• Antonio Gramsci - Sources

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Louis Pierre Althusser (October 16, 1918 - October 23, 1990) was a Marxist philosopher. He was born in Algeria and studied at the prestigious École Normale Supérieure in Paris, where he eventually became Professor of Philosophy. He was a leading academic proponent of the French Communist Party and his arguments were a response to multiple threats to the ideological foundations of that socialist project. These included both the threat from an empiricism which was beginning to invade Marxist sociology and economics, and a threa ...

Including:

• Louis Althusser - Biographical information
• Louis Althusser - Early Life
• Louis Althusser - Health
• Louis Althusser - Post-War
• Louis Althusser - 1980s
• Louis Althusser - Thought
• Louis Althusser - The 'Epistemological Break'
• Louis Althusser - Practices
• Louis Althusser - Contradiction and Overdetermination
• Louis Althusser - Ideological State Apparatuses
• Louis Althusser - Influence

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The word "hegemon" originated in ancient Greece, and derives from the word hegeisthai (meaning "to lead"). An early example of hegemony during ancient Greek history occurred when Sparta became the hegemon of the Peloponnesian League in the 6th century BC. Later, in 337 BC, Philip II of Macedon became the personal Hegemon of the League of Corinth, a position he passed on to his son Alexander the Great. In ancient China during the Western Zhou dynasty the Zhou kings appointed hegemons (known as "Ba"). This was due to the increasi ...

See also:

Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival

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Carl Schmitt - On Dictatorship 1921. In 1921, Schmitt became a professor at the University of Greifswald, where he published his essay "Die Diktatur" ("On Dictatorship"), in which he discussed the foundations of the newly-established Weimar Republic, emphasising the office of the Reichspräsident. For Schmitt, a strong dictator could embody the will of the people more effectively than any legislative body, as it can be decisive, whereas parliaments inev ...

See also:

Carl Schmitt, Carl Schmitt - Writings, Carl Schmitt - On Dictatorship 1921, Carl Schmitt - Political Theology 1922, Carl Schmitt - The Concept of the Political, Carl Schmitt - The case Preussen contra Reich, Carl Schmitt - Influence, Carl Schmitt - Nazi complicity

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List of Belgians - Actors and actresses. Patrick Bauchau Bernard Cogniaux Antje De Boeck Jan Decleir Isabelle Defossé André Delvaux Émilie Dequenne Cécile de France Marie Gillain Olivier Gourmet Audrey Hepburn, British actress born in Belgium Christian Labeau Jacky Lafon Olivier Massart John Massis [1] Yolande Moreau Michael Pas Ann Petersen ...

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List of Belgians - Actors and actresses. Patrick Bauchau Bernard Cogniaux Antje De Boeck Jan Decleir Isabelle Defossé André Delvaux Émilie Dequenne Cécile de France Marie Gillain Olivier Gourmet Audrey Hepburn, British actress born in Belgium Christian Labeau Jacky Lafon Olivier Massart John Massis [1] Yolande Moreau Michael Pas Ann Petersen ...

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List of Belgians, List of Belgians - Architects, List of Belgians - Authors, List of Belgians - Businessmen and economists, List of Belgians - Criminals, List of Belgians - Fictional characters, List of Belgians - Historians, List of Belgians - Humorists, List of Belgians - Military figures, List of Belgians - Models, List of Belgians - Monarchs, List of Belgians - Performing artists, List of Belgians - Actors and actresses, List of Belgians - Choreographers, List of Belgians - Composers, List of Belgians - Filmmakers, List of Belgians - Musicians and singers, List of Belgians - Politicians, List of Belgians - A - C, List of Belgians - D, List of Belgians - E - K, List of Belgians - L - M, List of Belgians - N - U, List of Belgians - V, List of Belgians - W - Y, List of Belgians - Religious figures, List of Belgians - Saints, List of Belgians - Theologians and clergymen, List of Belgians - Resistance workers, List of Belgians - Science, List of Belgians - Chemists, List of Belgians - Geographers, List of Belgians - Geologists, List of Belgians - Inventors and engineers, List of Belgians - Mathematicians, List of Belgians - Political scientists and theorists, List of Belgians - Others, List of Belgians - Sports, List of Belgians - Automobile racing, List of Belgians - Cycling, List of Belgians - Football soccer, List of Belgians - Judo, List of Belgians - Swimming, List of Belgians - Table tennis, List of Belgians - Tennis, List of Belgians - Track and field, List of Belgians - Triathlon, List of Belgians - Water polo, List of Belgians - Other, List of Belgians - Visual artists, List of Belgians - Cartoonists, List of Belgians - Fashion, List of Belgians - Painters, List of Belgians - Photographers, List of Belgians - Sculptors, List of Belgians - Others, List of Belgians - Others, List of Belgians - Trivia

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The word "hegemon" originated in ancient Greece, and derives from the word hegeisthai (meaning "to lead"). An early example of hegemony during ancient Greek history occurred when Sparta became the hegemon of the Peloponnesian League in the 6th century BC. Later, in 337 BC, Philip II of Macedon became the personal Hegemon of the League of Corinth, a position he passed on to his son Alexander the Great. In ancient China during the Eastern Zhou dynasty the Zhou kings appointed hegemons (known as "Ba"). This was due to the increasi ...

See also:

Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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Althusser's earlier works include the influential volume Reading Capital, which collects the work of Althusser and his students on an intensive philosophical re-reading of Marx's Capital. The book reflects on the philosophical status of Marxist theory as "critique of political economy," and on its object. The current English edition of this work includes only the essays of Althusser and Étienne Balibar, while the original French edition contains additional contributions from Jacques Ranciere and Pierre Macherey, among others. ...

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Louis Althusser, Louis Althusser - Biographical information, Louis Althusser - Early Life, Louis Althusser - Health, Louis Althusser - Post-War, Louis Althusser - 1980s, Louis Althusser - Thought, Louis Althusser - The 'Epistemological Break', Louis Althusser - Practices, Louis Althusser - Contradiction and Overdetermination, Louis Althusser - Ideological State Apparatuses, Louis Althusser - Influence

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Gramsci wrote more than 30 notebooks of history and analysis during his imprisonment. These writings, known as the Prison Notebooks, contain Gramsci's tracing of Italian history and nationalism, as well as some ideas in Marxist theory, critical theory and educational theory associated with his name, such as: Cultural hegemony as a means of maintaining the capitalist state The need for popular workers' education to encourage development of intellectuals from the working class. The distinction between poli ...

See also:

Antonio Gramsci, Antonio Gramsci - Life, Antonio Gramsci - Thought, Antonio Gramsci - Hegemony, Antonio Gramsci - Intellectuals and Education, Antonio Gramsci - State and Civil Society, Antonio Gramsci - Historicism, Antonio Gramsci - Critique of 'Economism', Antonio Gramsci - Critique of Materialism, Antonio Gramsci - Influence, Antonio Gramsci - Sources

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Many of those who describe themselves as "socialists" often argue that socialism necessarily implies democracy, thus making "democratic socialism" a redundant term. The fact that one specific movement is called Democratic Socialism does not mean that other branches of socialism must be any less democratic. However, the term is often used by those who wish to contrast this form of socialism with Communism or other ideologies that Democratic Socialists consider dictatorial ideologies in p ...

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Democratic socialism, Democratic socialism - Definitions, Democratic socialism - History, Democratic socialism - Characteristics, Democratic socialism - List of Democratic Socialist parties, Democratic socialism - Books

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List of Belgians - Saints. St. Gertrude of Nivelles St. Gudula from Brussels and Eibingen - National Saint of Belgium and Patroness of Brussels St. John Berchmans List of Belgians - Theologians and clergymen. Jean Bolland - hagiographer Blessed Father Damien (Pater Damiaan) Godfried Danneels - cardinal Jacques Dupuis - Jesuit priest Henry of Ghent - medieval philosopherSee also:

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List of Belgians - Chemists. Jean-Claude Lorquet - theoretical chemist Ilya Prigogine - theoretical chemist Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1977 (born in Russia) Ernest Solvay - chemist Jean Stas - chemist List of Belgians - Geographers. Gerardus Mercator - geographer Abraham Ortelius - geographer List of Belgians - Geologists. Alphonse Francois Renard - geologist and petrograph ...

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List of Belgians - A - C. Magda Aelvoet Bert Anciaux Vic Anciaux William Ancion Eric André Jules Joseph d'Anethan Bernard Anselme André Antoine Marie Arena Auguste Beernaert - Nobel Peace Prize 1908 André Bertouille Luc Beyer de Ryke Charles de Broqueville Henri de Brouckere Jules de Burlet Willy Burgeon Bernard du Bus de Gisignies Philippe Busquin ...

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Carl Schmitt, who became a professor at the University of Berlin in 1933 (a position he held until the end of World War II) joined the NSDAP on May 1, 1933; he quickly was appointed "Preußischer Staatsrat" by Hermann Göring and became the president of the "Vereinigung nationalsozialistischer Juristen" ("Union of National-Socialist Jurists") in November. He thought his theories as an ideological foundation of the Nazi dictatorship, and a justification of the "Führer" state with regard to legal philosophy, in part ...

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Carl Schmitt, Carl Schmitt - Writings, Carl Schmitt - On Dictatorship 1921, Carl Schmitt - Political Theology 1922, Carl Schmitt - The Concept of the Political, Carl Schmitt - The case Preussen contra Reich, Carl Schmitt - Influence, Carl Schmitt - Nazi complicity

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Geopolitics influences hegemonies. Ancient hegemonies developed in fertile river valleys (an example of hydraulic despotism): Egypt, China and the succession of states in Mesopotamia. In China during the Warring States Era the state of Qin artificially created waterways (such as the Chengkuo Canal) in order to give itself an advanatge over its neighbouring rival states. Hegemonic successor states in Eurasia tended to cluster around the Middle East for a period, utilising either the sea (Greece) or the fringe lands (Persia, Arabia). The focus ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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Conrad Phillip Kottak, in Window on Humanity (2004), explains hegemony in terms of ideologies that offer explanations about why the existing order is in everyone's interest. Many things are promised, but are said to take time and patience in order for them to happen. One good way to keep the people away from oppression would be by telling people that they will eventually gain power in the near future. In most cultures it is seen that the young respect their parents; therefore they let their elders decide what they want to do be ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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Theories of hegemony attempt to explain how dominant groups or individuals (known as hegemons) can maintain their power -- the capacity of dominant classes to persuade subordinate ones to accept, adopt and internalize their values and norms. Antonio Gramsci devised one of the best-known accounts of hegemony. His theory defined the State by a mixture of coercion and hegemony, between which he drew distinctions; according to Gramsci, hegemony consists of political power that flows from intellectual and moral leadership, authority or c ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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The following political parties are either democratic socialist in themselves, social democratic parties with significant numbers of democratic socialist members, or other left-wing parties with democratic socialist members: Party of European Socialists, European Union. 32 members and 7 associate members, including: Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD), Germany Parti Socialiste, France Parti Socialiste, (PS) Belgium (Wallonia) Socialistische Partij - Anders (sp.a), Belgium (Flanders)< ...

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Democratic socialism, Democratic socialism - Definitions, Democratic socialism - History, Democratic socialism - Characteristics, Democratic socialism - List of Democratic Socialist parties, Democratic socialism - Books

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List of Belgians - Cartoonists. See also: List of authors of Franco-Belgian comics. Raoul Cauvin Gilbert Delahaye André-Paul Duchâteau Dupa (Luc Dupanloup) André Franquin Hergé (Georges Remi) Hermann Huppen Herr Seele Edgar P. Jacobs Janry (Jean-Richard Geurts) Kamagurka Lambil (Willy Lambillote) Roger Leloup Marcel Marlier Merho Morris (Maurice de Bévère ...

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